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Pallotti S, Chandramohan B, Pediconi D, Nocelli C, La Terza A, Renieri C. Interaction between the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) and agouti signalling protein genes (ASIP), and their association with black and brown coat colour phenotypes in peruvian alpaca. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1850216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pallotti
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della salute, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Dario Pediconi
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della salute, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Cristina Nocelli
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della salute, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Antonietta La Terza
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Renieri
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della salute, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Nocelli C, Cappelli K, Capomaccio S, Pascucci L, Mercati F, Pazzaglia I, Mecocci S, Antonini M, Renieri C. Shedding light on cashmere goat hair follicle biology: from morphology analyses to transcriptomic landascape. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:458. [PMID: 32615938 PMCID: PMC7330943 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cashmere goat is known for its precious undercoat. Being photoperiod-dictated, cashmere growth has been studied focusing mainly on hair follicle cycle phases (anagen, catagen and telogen). An accurate molecular knowledge of the goat hair follicle cycle, disentangling gene expression changes during phases and recognizing timing boundaries, could be useful to improve cashmere goat management and ultimately cashmere production. RESULTS To better describe goat's hair follicle transcriptome we applied RNA-sequencing to isolated hair follicles from five Italian cashmere goats, during the anagen and catagen phase, identifying total of 214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs): 97 were up-regulated while 117 were down-regulated in catagen with respect to anagen. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis were performed. We detected 144 significant pathways spanning from estrogen, pluripotency of stem cells, thermogenesis and fatty acid metabolism that were strongly expressed during the hair follicle phases analysed. Finally, we validated promising DEGs by RT-qPCR in the same set of samples as well as in hair follicles and entire skin biopsies of another cashmere goats cohort accounting for early anagen, anagen, early catagen, and catagen phases. CONCLUSIONS As in the isolated hair follicles, some target genes were homogenously modulated during the four hair follicle phases. Ceruloplasmin (CP) and Keratin 4 (K4), confirmed their clear cut expression between growing and resting phase. In fact, K4 was almost absent in catagen phases while CP was barely expressed in anagen phases. In particular, the strong expression of K4 in early anagen makes it an eligible marker to track the beginning of a new hair cycle, and therefore defining the optimum time for cashmere harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Nocelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Katia Cappelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Capomaccio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luisa Pascucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Mercati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Irene Pazzaglia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, Via Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samanta Mecocci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Antonini
- Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA CR Casaccia—SSPT BIOAG Probio, S.M. di Galeria, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Renieri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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De Martinis M, Sirufo MM, Nocelli C, Fontanella L, Ginaldi L. Hyperhomocysteinemia is Associated with Inflammation, Bone Resorption, Vitamin B12 and Folate Deficiency and MTHFR C677T Polymorphism in Postmenopausal Women with Decreased Bone Mineral Density. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E4260. [PMID: 32549258 PMCID: PMC7345373 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an age-related bone disease, affecting mainly postmenopausal women, characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and consequent risk of fractures. Homocysteine (Hcy), a sulfur-aminoacid whose serum level is regulated by methylenetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activity and vitamin B12 and folate as cofactors, is a risk factor for inflammatory diseases. Literature data concerning the link between Hcy and osteoporosis are still debated. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship among Hcy and BMD, inflammation, vitamin status and bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporosis. In 252 postmenopausal women, BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In addition to serum Hcy, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and bone turnover markers (bone alkaline phosphatase-BAP, osteocalcin-OC, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), vitamin deficiencies and MTHFR-C677T polymorphism were evaluated. Hcy, inflammation, bone resorption markers and prevalence of C677T polymorphism were higher, whereas vitamin D, B12, folate, and bone formation markers were lower in women with decreased BMD compared to those with normal BMD. Our results suggest a significant association between Hcy, BMD and inflammation in postmenopausal osteoporosis. The regulation of Hcy overproduction and the modulation of the inflammatory substrate could represent additional therapeutic approaches for osteoporosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the diagnosis and treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the diagnosis and treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | | | - Lara Fontanella
- Department of Legal and Social Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 65127 Pescara, Italy;
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.M.S.); (L.G.)
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Center for the diagnosis and treatment of Osteoporosis, AUSL 04, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Pazzaglia I, Mercati F, Antonini M, Capomaccio S, Cappelli K, Dall'Aglio C, La Terza A, Mozzicafreddo M, Nocelli C, Pallotti S, Pediconi D, Renieri C. PDGFA in Cashmere Goat: A Motivation for the Hair Follicle Stem Cells to Activate. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E38. [PMID: 30695990 PMCID: PMC6407032 DOI: 10.3390/ani9020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The cashmere hair follicle (HF) perpetually goes through cycles of growth, involution and rest. The photoperiod is the main factor in the control of seasonal coat change in cashmere goats while stem cells play a crucial role in the HF growth. Several factors, including Platelet-Derived Growth Factor A (PDGFA), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) and Lim-Homeobox gene 2 (LHX2) are implicated in HF morphogenesis and cycle. In this work, the mentioned molecules were investigated to evaluate their role in follicular cycle activation. The study was performed on skin samples collected at different periods of HF cycle and the molecular expression of PDGFA, BMP2 and LHX2 was evaluated by Real-Time PCR (qPCR) at each time point. Since PDGFA showed the most variation, the goat PDGFA gene was sequenced and the protein localization was investigated by immunohistochemistry together with PDGF receptor α (PDGFRα). PDGFA immunostaining was observed in the basal layer of the HF outer root sheath and the immunoreaction appeared stronger in the regressive HFs compared to those in the anagen phase according to qPCR analysis. PDGFRα was observed in the HF epithelium, proving the effect of PDGFA on the follicular structure. The data obtained suggest that PDGFA and BMP2 are both implicated in HF cycle in goat. In particular, PDGFA secreted by the HF is involved in the anagen activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Pazzaglia
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mercati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Marco Antonini
- Italian National Agency for New Technology, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA CR Casaccia-SSPT BIOAG Probio, S.M. di Galeria, 00123 Roma, Italy.
| | - Stefano Capomaccio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Katia Cappelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Dall'Aglio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Antonietta La Terza
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Matteo Mozzicafreddo
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Cristina Nocelli
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Stefano Pallotti
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Dario Pediconi
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Carlo Renieri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
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Pallotti S, La Terza A, De Cosmo A, Pediconi D, Pazzaglia I, Nocelli C, Renieri C. Genetic variability of the short-haired and rough-haired Segugio Italiano dog breeds and their genetic distance from the other related Segugio breeds. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1317221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pallotti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Antonietta La Terza
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Attilio De Cosmo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Dario Pediconi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Irene Pazzaglia
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Renieri
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Capomaccio S, Milanesi M, Nocelli C, Giontella A, Verini-Supplizi A, Branca M, Silvestrelli M, Cappelli K. Splicing site disruption in the KIT
gene as strong candidate for white dominant phenotype in an Italian Trotter. Anim Genet 2017; 48:727-728. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Capomaccio
- Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo; University of Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - Marco Milanesi
- Istituto di Zootecnica; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; 29122 Piacenza Italy
| | - Cristina Nocelli
- Scuola del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute; University of Camerino; 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Andrea Giontella
- Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo; University of Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | | | - Michele Branca
- Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo; University of Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | | | - Katia Cappelli
- Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo; University of Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
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Cappelli K, Felicetti M, Capomaccio S, Nocelli C, Silvestrelli M, Verini-Supplizi A. Effect of training status on immune defence related gene expression in Thoroughbred: are genes ready for the sprint? Vet J 2012; 195:373-6. [PMID: 22990119 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Athletic performance is both a stress factor and an adaptive response to exercise that may be modulated by training, reduce inflammation and help prevent disease. Studies on the endocrinology of exercise and training have demonstrated the existence of an integrated metabolic network of hormone and cytokine regulation. Subsequent molecular studies have shown that repeated bouts of exercise may establish new basal levels of gene expression at rest. The Thoroughbred horse may be a useful 'exercise model' for inter-individual comparisons between subjects with homogeneous genetic and environmental backgrounds and similar exercise management practices. In this study, the effects of training and acute effort on gene expression were evaluated with a real time PCR approach in athletic (n=10) and sedentary horses (n=9), using a previously characterised panel of genes known to be highly modulated during effort (CXCL2, TLR4, IL1β, IL8, IL1RII, IL18, IL6 and CEBPβ). A 'rest comparison' was performed to evaluate a training effect in both groups while a 'race comparison' was performed in athletic horses only (before, immediately after, and 12h after racing) to determine the effect of acute effort. The results indicated that many of the investigated genes (TLR4, IL1β, IL1RII, IL18, IL6 and CEBPβ) were expressed to a greater extent in athletic horses compared to sedentary animals when both were at rest. However, a time-course comparison in the athletic horses revealed that genes exhibiting the highest levels of expression at rest did not show significant changes after the race. The findings suggested that training may exert a conditioning on gene expression at rest leading to a more prompt response to exercise-induced stress in Thoroughbreds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cappelli
- Centro di Studio del Cavallo Sportivo, Dipartimento di Patologia, Diagnostica e Clinica Veterinaria, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
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