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The effect of silanol groups on the metal-support interactions in silica-supported cobalt Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. A temperature programmed surface reaction. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2019.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Imaging features and safety and efficacy of endovascular stroke treatment: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17:895-904. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Effect of general anaesthesia on functional outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischaemic stroke having endovascular thrombectomy versus standard care: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Neurol 2018; 17:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Application of the attainable region method to determine optimal conditions for milling and leaching. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Divertors for Helical Devices: Concepts, Plans, Results, and Problems. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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7
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An Annual and Seasonal Characterisation of Winery Effluent in South Africa. S AFR J ENOL VITIC 2016. [DOI: 10.21548/32-1-1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Use of the attainable region approach to determine major trends and optimize particle breakage in a laboratory mill. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Geometry and reactor synthesis: maximizing conversion of the ethyl acetate process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40090-015-0033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Experimental Simulation of Three-Dimensional Attainable Region for the Synthesis of Exothermic Reversible Reaction: Ethyl Acetate Synthesis Case Study. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie503276s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Estimating Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Quantities of Exothermic Reversible Processes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301944u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Vapor recompression for efficient distillation. 1. A new synthesis perspective on standard configurations. AIChE J 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Diagnostics development for quasi-steady-state operation of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator (invited). THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:10D730. [PMID: 23126902 DOI: 10.1063/1.4733531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The critical issues in the development of diagnostics, which need to work robust and reliable under quasi-steady state conditions for the discharge durations of 30 min and which cannot be maintained throughout the one week duration of each operation phase of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, are being discussed.
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A new method of locating all pinch points in nonideal distillation systems, and its application to pinch point loci and distillation boundaries. Comput Chem Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Diagnostics design for steady-state operation of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:10E133. [PMID: 21033995 DOI: 10.1063/1.3483210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The status of the diagnostic developments for the quasistationary operable stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (maximum pulse length of 30 min at 10 MW ECRH heating at 140 GHz) will be reported on. Significant emphasis is being given to the issue of ECRH stray radiation shielding of in-vessel diagnostic components, which will be critical at high density operation requiring O2 and OXB heating.
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The effect of poly-l-lysine/alginate bead membrane characteristics on the absorption of heparin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 37:13-22. [DOI: 10.1080/10731190802664171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Efficiency of Polymer Beads in the Removal of Heparin: Toward the Development of a Novel Reactor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 34:419-32. [PMID: 16818415 DOI: 10.1080/10731190600769800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Administration of heparin during extracorporeal procedures increases the risk of haemorrhage. Various reactor designs, including the use of heparinase and poly-L-lysine. HBr hollow fiber, have been investigated for the removal of heparin prior to the blood being returned to the patient; however, none of them have been implemented clinically. In this paper it is proposed that beads made from poly-L-lysine/alginate can be used to remove the heparin. The aim of this work is to perform the necessary experiments in order to get the information required to design a heparin removal reactor that uses these beads. The experiments are aimed at measuring the removal rates of heparin by the beads, testing the efficiency of the beads to remove heparin, determining repeatability and identifying factors that could influence the removal rate. Batch rate experiments using poly-L-lysine/alginate beads in saline solutions were performed to investigate the removal rate of heparin. The results, which indicate that heparin is efficiently removed, may lead to improved bioreactor designs.
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Sinusarrest bei einem Frühgeborenen: ungewöhnliche Nebenwirkung nach pränataler Chemotherapie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Diagnostic developments for quasicontinuous operation of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:10F337. [PMID: 19044644 DOI: 10.1063/1.2964998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The stellarator Wendelstein 7-X will allow for quasicontinuous operation with the duration only being limited to two 30 min discharges per day, at a continuous heating power of 10 MW electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) at 140 GHz, by the capacity of the cooling water reservoir. This will result in high thermal loads on all plasma facing components of 50-100 kW/m(2) from radiation alone and of up to about 500 kW/m(2) on components additionally exposed to convective loads. In high density scenarios toroidally varying ECRH stray radiation levels of 50-200 kW/m(2) need to be coped with, requiring careful material selection and different shielding and hardening techniques. Furthermore, a gradual buildup of coatings on plasma facing optical components, which without any measures being taken, would lead to high transmission losses already within a few days of long pulse operation (equivalent to about 1 year of operation in pulsed devices like JET or ASDEX-upgrade) and therefore needs to be prevented as much as possible. In addition in situ cleaning as well as absolute calibration techniques need to be developed for all plasma facing optical systems. Here we report about some of our efforts to find, for various types of diagnostics, ways to cope with these adverse effects. Moreover, we give a few examples for individual diagnostic specific issues with respect to quasicontinuous operation, such as the development of a special integrator for the magnetic diagnostics as well as special interferometer types which can cope with unavoidable vibrations and slow path length changes due to, e.g., thermal expansion of the plasma vessel.
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Optical design study of an infrared visible viewing system for Wendelstein 7-X divertor observation and control. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:10F513. [PMID: 19044658 DOI: 10.1063/1.2979880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
For the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator, which will allow quasicontinuous operation (tau < or = 30 min) with 10 MW of electron cyclotron radiation heating power, a conceptual design study for an IR/visible viewing system (IVVS) has been elaborated. Ten such systems, as part of the machine protection system, will be required for real time monitoring of all ten discrete, water cooled divertor modules with high spatial (< 10 mm) resolution, in order to prevent local overheating of the target tiles, which could easily lead to their destruction. On the physics side, the systems will be used for divertor symmetry investigations by studying the power load distribution on all targets modules and by observing the island divertor plasmas in the light of H alpha, C II, and C III using the visible imaging section of the systems. The optics of the system can be divided into three parts: a mirror based optical head, creating an intermediate image, a Cassegrain telescope system, and individual lens based imaging optics adapted to the various detectors for IR (3-5 microm and 8-14 microm) and visible observations, with their optical light paths being separated by in-vacuum dichroic beam splitters.
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Effect of Workday vs. after-Hours on Door to Balloon Time with Paramedic Out-of-hospital Catheterization Laboratory Activation for STEMI. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Experimental Measurement of the Saddle Node Region in a Distillation Column Profile Map by Using a Batch Apparatus. Chem Eng Res Des 2007. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd06107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Development of an actively cooled periscope head suitable for divertor observation during quasi-continuous operation of the W7-X stellarator. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Automating reactor network synthesis: finding a candidate attainable region for the water–gas shift (WGS) reaction. Comput Chem Eng 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0098-1354(03)00179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Divertor operation in stellarators: results from W7-AS and implications for future devices. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(03)00121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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New advanced operational regime on the W7-AS stellarator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 89:015001. [PMID: 12097046 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A promising new plasma operational regime on the Wendelstein stellarator W7-AS has been discovered. It is extant above a threshold density and characterized by flat density profiles, high energy and low impurity confinement times, and edge-localized radiation. Impurity accumulation is avoided. Quasistationary discharges with line-averaged densities n(e) to 4 x 10(20) m(-3), radiation levels to 90%, and partial plasma detachment at the divertor target plates can be simultaneously realized. Energy confinement is up to twice that of a standard scaling. At B(t) = 0.9 T, an average beta value of 3.1% is achieved. The high n(e) values allow demonstration of electron Bernstein wave heating using linear mode conversion.
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Agonistic effect of buprenorphine in a nociceptin/OFQ receptor-triggered reporter gene assay. Mol Pharmacol 1999; 56:334-8. [PMID: 10419552 DOI: 10.1124/mol.56.2.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the opioid-like receptor 1 (ORL1) and its endogenous ligand, nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ), in nociception, anxiety, and learning remains to be defined. To allow the rapid identification of agonists and antagonists, a reporter gene assay has been established in which the ORL1 receptor is functionally linked to the cyclic AMP-dependent expression of luciferase. N/OFQ and N/OFQ(1-13)NH(2) inhibited the forskolin-induced luciferase gene expression with IC(50) values of 0.81 +/- 0.5 and 0.87 +/- 0.16 nM, respectively. Buprenorphine was identified as a full agonist at the ORL1 receptor with an IC(50) value of 8.4 +/- 2.8 nM. Fentanyl and 7-benzylidenenaltrexone displayed a weak agonistic activity. The ORL1 antagonist [Phe(1)Psi(CH(2)-NH)Gly(2)]N/OFQ((1-13))NH(2) clearly behaved as an agonist in this assay with an IC(50) value of 85 +/- 47 nM. Thus, there is still a need for antagonistic tool compounds that might help to elucidate the neurophysiological role of N/OFQ.
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A periodic flow reversal reactor: An infinitely fast switching model and a practical proposal for its implementation. CAN J CHEM ENG 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450740528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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A catalytic trap for low-temperature complete NO reduction in oxygen-rich media. Chem Commun (Camb) 1996. [DOI: 10.1039/cc9960002081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Hepatic function can be characterized by the activity/time curves obtained by imaging the aorta, spleen, and liver. Nonparametric deconvolution of the activity/time curves is clinically useful as a diagnostic tool in determining organ transit times and flow fractions. The use of this technique is limited, however, because of numerical and noise problems in performing deconvolution. Furthermore, the interaction of part of the tracer with the spleen and gastrointestinal tract, before it enters the liver, further obscures physiological information in the deconvolved liver curve. In this paper, a mathematical relationship is derived relating the liver activity/time curve to portal and hepatic behavior. The mathematical relationship is derived by using transit time spectrum/residence time density theory. Based on this theory, it is shown that the deconvolution of liver activity/time curves gives rise to a complex combination of splenic, gastrointestinal, and liver dependencies. An anatomically and physiologically plausible parametric model of the hepatic vascular system has been developed. This model is used in conjunction with experimental data to estimate portal, splenic, and hepatic physiological blood flow parameters for eight normal volunteers. These calculated parameters, which include the portal flow fraction, the splenic blood flow fraction, and blood transit times are shown to adequately correspond to published values. In particular, the model of the hepatic vascular system identifies the portal flow fraction as 0.752 +/- 0.022, the splenic blood flow fraction as 0.180 +/- 0.023, and the liver mean transit time as 13.4 +/- 1.71 s. The model has also been applied to two portal hypertensive patients. The variation in some of the model parameters is beyond normal limits and is consistent with the observed pathology.
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Predicting phase and chemical equilibrium using the convex hull of the Gibbs free energy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(94)00202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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38
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The attainable region for systems with mixing and multiple-rate processes: finding optimal reactor structures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0923-0467(94)00212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Basal and thrombin-stimulated platelet cell calcium. Am J Hypertens 1994; 7:261-8. [PMID: 8003278 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/7.3.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To study platelet cell calcium in dogs, we measured the fura-2-determined calcium concentration (Cai) in platelets derived from blood drawn through indwelling arterial catheters in four dogs. Platelet samples were obtained 3 days a week for 39 days. Canine platelet Cai averages 40.5 +/- 1.7 nmol/L when corrected for extracellular fura-2 dye (n = 46); this mean is significantly smaller than the value obtained without such a correction (50.2 +/- 2.0 nmol/L, P < .05). The amplitude of thrombin-induced Ca2+ transients is proportional to basal Cai, increasing 4.9 +/- 0.9 nmol/L peak Ca2+ per nmol/L increase in baseline Ca2+.
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Measurement of the angular distribution of sputtering efficiency with a thermal particle detector. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1080/00337577708233271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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