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Oreh A, Bozegha T, Ihimekpen A, Biyama F, Irechukwu C, Aliu S, Oshiame D, Nnabuihe A, Ndanitsa A, Nnachi O, Ogbenna A, Abubakar S, Olupitan F, Akinkunmi A, Ogunlade C, Abayomi T, Omokaro U, Sylvester C, Igiebor U, Wokoma B, Ebophni S, Adewuyi B, Dachi R, Muhammad H, Abubakar M, Mgbang J, Chineke A, Ogbuabor O, Fakai G, Hashim B, Adeluwoye N, Olanrewaju D, Agahiu E, Etim E, Alabi S, Akinbola I, Anibueze C, Awogbami O, Edowhorhu G, Adekoya-Benson T, Bello S, Ojuade Y, Amedu O. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on blood donations and transfusions in Nigeria - A multi-facility study of 34 tertiary hospitals. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:786-793. [PMID: 35708419 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1437_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected blood supplies globally. Mobile blood drive campaigns halted, and voluntary blood donations reduced, challenging available blood supplies. Furthermore, fears of virus transmission led to deferrals of elective surgeries and non-urgent clinical procedures with noticeable declines in blood donations and transfusions. Aims We aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of blood donations and transfusions across the country by blood product type across various hospital departments. Materials and Methods A retrospective descriptive study was conducted to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on blood services in 34 tertiary hospitals in Nigeria, comparing January to July 2019 (pre-COVID-19) to January to July 2020 (peri-COVID-19). Data were collected from the country's web-based software District Health Information System, Version 2 (DHIS2). Results A 17.1% decline in numbers of blood donations was observed over the study period, especially in April 2020 (44.3%), a 21.7% decline in numbers of blood transfusions, especially in April 2020 (44.3%). The largest declines in transfusion were noted in surgery department for fresh frozen plasma (80.1%) [p = 0.012] and accident and emergency department transfusion of platelets (78.3%) [p = 0.005]. The least decline of statistical significance was observed in internal medicine transfusions of whole blood (19.6%) [p = 0.011]. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the numbers of blood donations and transfusions in Nigeria. Strengthening blood services to provide various blood components and secure safe blood supplies during public health emergencies is therefore critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oreh
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - T Bozegha
- National Blood Service Commission; National Hospital, Abuja; Federal Medical Centre, Asaba; Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - A Ihimekpen
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - F Biyama
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - C Irechukwu
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - S Aliu
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - D Oshiame
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - A Nnabuihe
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - A Ndanitsa
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O Nnachi
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - A Ogbenna
- University of Lagos Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Nigeria
| | | | - F Olupitan
- Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Nigeria
| | - A Akinkunmi
- National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano, Nigeria
| | - C Ogunlade
- National Orthopaedic Hospital Igbobi, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - T Abayomi
- Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Nigeria
| | - U Omokaro
- University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - C Sylvester
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja; Prof. Kelsey Harrison Hospital Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - U Igiebor
- Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital, Okada, Nigeria
| | - B Wokoma
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja; University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - S Ebophni
- Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - B Adewuyi
- Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - R Dachi
- Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - H Muhammad
- University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - M Abubakar
- Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa, Nigeria
| | - J Mgbang
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja; University of Uyo Teaching Hospital; University of Calabar Teaching Hospital; Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Nigeria
| | - A Chineke
- Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane Enugu, Nigeria
| | - O Ogbuabor
- Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Parklane Enugu, Nigeria
| | - G Fakai
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja; Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital; Usman Dan Fodio University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - B Hashim
- Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
| | - N Adeluwoye
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja; Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - D Olanrewaju
- Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma; Irrua Specialist Hospital, Nigeria
| | - E Agahiu
- Nisa Premier Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - E Etim
- Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Nigeria
| | - S Alabi
- University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - I Akinbola
- Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - C Anibueze
- University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Nigeria
| | - O Awogbami
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja; Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - G Edowhorhu
- Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | | | - S Bello
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja; Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
| | - Y Ojuade
- National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O Amedu
- National Blood Service Commission, Abuja, Nigeria
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Fetuga B, Ogunlesi T, Olanrewaju D, Jonsson B, Albertsson-Wikland K. Growth in prepubertal Nigerian children is highly dependent on socio-economic status. Acta Paediatr 2013; 102:824-31. [PMID: 23662714 DOI: 10.1111/apa.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To relate height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of prepubertal children in Sagamu, Nigeria, to parental socio-economic class (SEC). METHODS Cross-sectional study of 1606 children aged 5-11 years from eight public and eight private primary schools. Height, weight and BMI from 1557 prepubertal children were standardized using two references: US-CDC birth cohorts 1929-1974 and Swedish birth cohort 1974. RESULTS Children in private schools were taller and heavier than those in public schools (p < 0.0001). Most children (73.2%) belonged to lower SEC, 17.6% to middle and 9.2% to upper. HeightSDS , weightSDS and BMISDS increased with increasing parental SEC. Upper SEC children were taller and heavier with higher BMIs than those from lower SEC (p < 0.0001). HeightSDS , weightSDS and BMISDS were below '0' in all SEC and gender groups (all p < 0.002). Younger children were taller and heavier than the older (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Fathers/mothers with higher education/occupation had taller and heavier children with higher BMI than other groups. Children in private schools were taller and heavier than children in public schools. Disparities in parental SEC still constrain optimal child growth in Nigeria: whereas height and weight of children of upper SEC were close to the US-CDC29-74 reference mean, they were still below Swedish74 reference mean representing more optimal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fetuga
- Department of Paediatrics; Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences; Olabisi Onabanjo University; Sagamu Nigeria
| | - T Ogunlesi
- Department of Paediatrics; Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences; Olabisi Onabanjo University; Sagamu Nigeria
| | - D Olanrewaju
- Department of Paediatrics; Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences; Olabisi Onabanjo University; Sagamu Nigeria
| | - B Jonsson
- Department of Children and Women; Institute of Clinical Science; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - K Albertsson-Wikland
- Department of Pediatrics; GP-GRC, Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center; Institute of Clinical Sciences; The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
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Olanrewaju D. Soak-away systems and possible groundwater pollution problems in developing countries. J R Soc Health 1990; 110:108-12. [PMID: 2114485 DOI: 10.1177/146642409011000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
People in the developing countries do not have adequate sanitation and everyone defaecates somewhere. Those who do not have a toilet or latrine have to resort to indiscriminate defaecation either in the sea shore such as in the Lagos lagoon in Nigeria, or vacant plots and open drains as in Iddo area of Lagos and sides of rural footpaths. Water closets (W.C.s) are the most accepted sanitation system, but the cost of operating and maintaining them is high. As a result sewerage is not appropriate for the majority of people in developing countries whose greater population live in rural areas and small towns. The majority of people in urban areas use septic tanks and very often most of these septic tanks are not properly designed or sometimes located too close to sources of water supply, which then become contaminated. It is generally believed that systems like septic tanks, pit latrines and aqua privies are capable of totally eliminating these pathogens. There are many problems associated with the physical, chemical and biological processes that may result in groundwater pollution from septic tanks. Many experiments have shown that faecal organisms do not travel any significant distance radially as a result of concentration gradient. They are, however, carried with groundwater flow. The task is to prevent pathogens from getting into the aquifer. This paper attempts to highlight the ability of some enteric viruses to survive septic tank wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Olanrewaju
- Department of Civil Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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