Chemical Variability and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Leaf Essential Oil from Ivorian Isolona dewevrei (De Wild. & T. Durand) Engl. & Diels

The chemical variability and the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf essential oil from Ivorian Isolona dewevrei were investigated for the first time. Forty-seven oil samples were analyzed using a combination of CC, GC(RI), GC-MS and 13C-NMR, thus leading to the identification of 113 constituents (90.8-98.9%). As the main components varied drastically from sample to sample, the 47 oil compositions were submitted to hierarchical cluster and principal components analyses. Three distinct groups, each divided into two subgroups, were evidenced. Subgroup I-A was dominated by (Z)-β-ocimene, β-eudesmol, germacrene D and (E)-β-ocimene, while (10βH)-1β,8β-oxido-cadina-4-ene, santalenone, trans-α-bergamotene and trans-β-bergamotene were the main compounds of Subgroup I-B. The prevalent constituents of Subgroup II-A were germacrene B, (E)-β-caryophyllene, (5αH,10βMe)-6,12-oxido-elema-1,3,6,11(12)-tetraene and γ-elemene. Subgroup II-B displayed germacrene B, germacrene D and (Z)-β-ocimene as the majority compounds. Germacrene D was the most abundant constituent of Group III, followed in Subgroup III-A by (E)-β-caryophyllene, (10βH)-1β,8β-oxido-cadina-4-ene, germacrene D-8-one, and then in Subgroup III-B by (Z)-β-ocimene and (E)-β-ocimene. The observed qualitative and quantitative chemical variability was probably due to combined factors, mostly phenology and season, then harvest site to a lesser extent. The lipoxygenase inhibition by a leaf oil sample was also evaluated. The oil IC50 (0.020 ± 0.005 mg/mL) was slightly higher than the non-competitive lipoxygenase inhibitor NDGA IC50 (0.013 ± 0.003 mg/mL), suggesting a significant in vitro anti-inflammatory potential.

1-[2-(2-Oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)eth-yl]-4-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-one

The seven-membered ring in the title compound, C(20)H(19)N(3)O(3), adopts a boat conformation with the two phenyl-ene C atoms representing the stern and the methyl-ene C atom the prow. The dihedral angle between the best plane through the seven-membered ring (r.m.s deviation = 0.358 Å) and the phenyl substituent is 55.8 (1)°. The two rings at either ends of the ethyl chain are staggered [N-CH(2)-CH(2)-N torsion angle = 57.5 (4)°].

1-Benzyl-3-[(dimethylamino)methylene]-4-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2(3H)-thione

The title compound, C₂₅H₂₃N₃S, crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The seven-membered fused-ring adopts a boat conformation, with the two bridgehead C atoms representing the stern and the C atom bearing the exocyclic double bond the prow.

1-Allyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one

The seven-membered ring in the title compound, C(18)H(16)N(2)O, adopts a boat conformation with the two phenyl-ene carbons representing the stern and the methyl-ene C atom the prow. The dihedral angle between the best plane through the seven-membered ring and the phenyl ring is 62.13 (3)°.

[Education for health and the drug problem. The design of a protocol]

The article is a report on a training exercise with a group of student health visitors to verify their health education ability. The choice of the subject-matter (drugs) as well as that of the group addressed (the elderly) is subordinate to the main aim of the exercise, which is to test to feasibility and the importance of giving oneself a method of work.