A case of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome originally thought to be a case of Bloom syndrome

Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, a heterogeneous genodermatosis with autosomal recessive hereditary pattern, is an uncommon cancer susceptibility genetic syndrome. To date, only 400 cases have been reported in the literature, and the severity of the features varies among individuals with the condition. Here, we describe a 55-year-old male who had been diagnosed with Bloom Syndrome during childhood due to the suggestive physical features such as short stature, chronic facial erythema, poikiloderma in face and extremities, microtia and microcephaly. However, the genetic test demonstrated that the patient carried two pathogenic variants resulting in compound heterozygous in the RECQL4 gene (c.2269C>T and c.2547_2548delGT). He subsequently developed a calcaneal osteosarcoma, which was successfully treated, and has currently been oncologic disease-free for 3 years.

Analysis of chemotherapy efficacy according to histology in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients (p)

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Background: MPM is a highly aggressive pleural tumor associated with asbestos exposure and with limited survival despite systemic therapy. Histology is a prognostic factor and recently CheckMate 743 trial demonstrated survival benefit of immunotherapy in first line with some differences in the efficacy of chemotherapy according to histology. However, randomized trials who led to the approval of antifolate in mesothelioma did not include analysis of outcomes by histology. The objective of this study is to characterize the impact of chemotherapy according to histology in p with MPM at our institution. Methods: We review 189 MPM p diagnosed at Vall d´Hebron University Hospital between November 2002 and April 2020. Associations between clinical variables and outcome were assessed with Cox regression models and survival data were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Patient’s characteristics: median age 68 years (y) (45-88 y), males: 70%, performance status (PS)1: 69%, asbestos exposure: 75%, epithelioid subtype: 76%. First line chemotherapy was offered to 85% of p (66% cisplatin-pemetrexed and 27% carboplatin-pemetrexed). Median overall survival (OS) in overall population was 21.3 m (95%CI17.2-24.3). Epithelioid histology, PS 0, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <5 and treatment with cisplatin vs carboplatin were associated with significant improvements in OS (p<0.001). When we analyzed the survival of patients who received first line chemotherapy according to histology, we found that patients with epithelioid tumors had better PFS and OS. Median PFS for p with epithelioid tumors treated with chemotherapy in first line was 4.8 m versus 3.6 months non-epithelioid (HR1.5 CI95% 1.1-2.3; p=0.03). OS of epithelioid p treated with first line chemotherapy was 26.7 m versus 15.0 m non-epithelioid patients (HR2.25 CI95% 1.4-3.4; p<0.001). We analyzed if the differences in survival according to histology were due to type of systemic treatment received (Table). Conclusions: In our series, p with non-epithelioid tumors presented worse prognosis. We confirmed histology is a prognostic factor with better OS for p with epithelioid tumors. Moreover, we demonstrated better efficacy of chemotherapy in epithelioid tumors, although histology is not a predictive factor for the platinum agent sensitivity (p of interaction PFS=0.09, p of interaction OS= 0.65).[Table: see text]