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Greco M, Chiefari E, Accattato F, Corigliano DM, Arcidiacono B, Mirabelli M, Liguori R, Brunetti FS, Pullano SA, Scorcia V, Fiorillo AS, Foti DP, Brunetti A. MicroRNA-1281 as a Novel Circulating Biomarker in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:528. [PMID: 32849308 PMCID: PMC7417427 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recently, the role of circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for the identification and monitoring of diabetes microvascular complications has emerged. Herein, we aimed to: identify circulating miRNAs differentially expressed in patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR); examine their predictive value; and understand their pathogenic impact. Methods: Pooled serum samples from randomly selected matched patients with type 2 diabetes, either with or without DR, were used for initial serum miRNA profiling. Validation of the most relevant miRNAs was thereafter conducted by RT-qPCR in an extended sample of patients with DR and matched controls. Results: Following miRNA profiling, 43 miRNAs were significantly up- or down-regulated in patients with DR compared with controls. After individual validation, 5 miRNAs were found significantly overexpressed in patients with DR. One of them, miR-1281, was the most up-regulated and appeared to be specifically related to DR. Furthermore, secreted levels of miR-1281 were increased in high glucose-cultured retinal cells, and there was evidence of a potential link between glucose-induced miR-1281 up-regulation and DR. Conclusion: Our findings suggest miR-1281 as a circulating biomarker of DR. Also, they highlight the pathogenic significance of miR-1281, providing insights for a new potential target in treating DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Greco
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Accattato
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Biagio Arcidiacono
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mirabelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rossella Liguori
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco S. Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Salvatore A. Pullano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino S. Fiorillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela P. Foti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia,”Catanzaro, Italy
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Arcidiacono B, Chiefari E, Foryst-Ludwig A, Currò G, Navarra G, Brunetti FS, Mirabelli M, Corigliano DM, Kintscher U, Britti D, Mollace V, Foti DP, Goldfine ID, Brunetti A. Obesity-related hypoxia via miR-128 decreases insulin-receptor expression in human and mouse adipose tissue promoting systemic insulin resistance. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102912. [PMID: 32739259 PMCID: PMC7502675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue (VAT), skeletal muscle and liver is a prominent feature of most patients with obesity. How this association arises remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that the decrease in insulin receptor (INSR) expression and insulin signaling in VAT from obese individuals is an early molecular manifestation that might play a crucial role in the cascade of events leading to systemic insulin resistance. Methods To clarify the role of INSR and insulin signaling in adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity, we first measured INSR expression in VAT samples from normal-weight subjects and patients with different degrees of obesity. We complemented these studies with experiments on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, and in human and murine adipocyte cultures, in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Findings An inverse correlation was observed between increasing body mass index and decreasing INSR expression in VAT of obese humans. Our results indicate that VAT-specific downregulation of INSR is an early event in obesity-related adipose cell dysfunction, which increases systemic insulin resistance in both obese humans and mice. We also provide evidence that obesity-related hypoxia in VAT plays a determinant role in this scenario by decreasing INSR mRNA stability. This decreased stability is through the activation of a miRNA (miR-128) that downregulates INSR expression in adipocytes. Interpretation We present a novel pathogenic mechanism of reduced INSR expression and insulin signaling in adipocytes. Our data provide a new explanation linking obesity with systemic insulin resistance. Funding This work was partly supported by a grant from Nutramed (PON 03PE000_78_1) and by the European Commission (FESR FSE 2014-2020 and Regione Calabria).
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Arcidiacono
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Foryst-Ludwig
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Currò
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Navarra
- Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Evolutive Age, University Hospital of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco S Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Mirabelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica M Corigliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ulrich Kintscher
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Domenico Britti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela P Foti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ira D Goldfine
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 94143 San Francisco, USA
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Pullano SA, Greco M, Corigliano DM, Foti DP, Brunetti A, Fiorillo AS. Cell-line characterization by infrared-induced pyroelectric effect. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 140:111338. [PMID: 31158794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of cellular thermodynamics has recently received a high interest because of its implication in many mechanisms related with function, structure and health of cells. Recent literature reported significant efforts to provide affordable intracellular thermal components of absorption, such as thermal conductivity, to overcome the lack of experimental data. Herein, we provide lines of evidence towards the fabrication of an electronic system, using a rapid thermoelectric technique based on infrared-induced pyroelectric effect for in-vitro cell model characterization. Results demonstrated that the assessment of the average single cell thermal conductivity, sample concentration, and information on cell viability is possible over a wide concentration range. The proposed electronic system establishes a different analysis paradigm if compared to those reported in the literature, with consistent results, demonstrating that the adopted technique can provide cell-specific information and knowledge, closely linked to cell viability and its vital functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore A Pullano
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Marta Greco
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica M Corigliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela P Foti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino S Fiorillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Corigliano DM, Syed R, Messineo S, Lupia A, Patel R, Reddy CVR, Dubey PK, Colica C, Amato R, De Sarro G, Alcaro S, Indrasena A, Brunetti A. Indole and 2,4-Thiazolidinedione conjugates as potential anticancer modulators. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5386. [PMID: 30123711 PMCID: PMC6087425 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), also called glitazones, are five-membered carbon ring molecules commonly used for the management of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Recently, many prospective studies have also documented the impact of these compounds as anti-proliferative agents, though several negative side effects such as hepatotoxicity, water retention and cardiac issues have been reported. In this work, we synthesized twenty-six new TZD analogues where the thiazolidinone moiety is directly connected to an N-heterocyclic ring in order to lower their toxic effects. Methods By adopting a widely applicable synthetic method, twenty-six TZD derivatives were synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity in MTT and Wound healing assays with PC3 (prostate cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cells. Results Three compounds, out of twenty-six, significantly decreased cellular viability and migration, and these effects were even more pronounced when compared with rosiglitazone, a well-known member of the TZD class of antidiabetic agents. As revealed by Western blot analysis, part of this antiproliferative effect was supported by apoptosis studies evaluating BCL-xL and C-PARP protein expression. Conclusion Our data highlight the promising potential of these TZD derivatives as anti-proliferative agents for the treatment of prostate and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica M Corigliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Riyaz Syed
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sebastiano Messineo
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rahul Patel
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | | | - Pramod K Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, India
| | - Carmela Colica
- CNR, IBFM UOS of Germaneto, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Amato
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Adisherla Indrasena
- Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, India
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Arcidiacono B, Chiefari E, Messineo S, Bilotta FL, Pastore I, Corigliano DM, Foti DP, Brunetti A. HMGA1 is a novel transcriptional regulator of the FoxO1 gene. Endocrine 2018; 60:56-64. [PMID: 29052178 PMCID: PMC5845622 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The forkhead transcription factor (FoxO1) is a master transcriptional regulator of fundamental cellular processes ranging from cell proliferation and differentiation to inflammation and metabolism. However, despite its relevance, the mechanism(s) underlying FoxO1 gene regulation are largely unknown. We have previously shown that the chromatin factor high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) plays a key role in the transcriptional regulation of glucose-responsive genes, including some that are involved in FoxO1-mediated glucose metabolism. Here we investigated the impact of HMGA1 on FoxO1 gene expression. METHODS FoxO1 protein and gene expression studies were performed by Western blot analysis combined with qRT-PCR of material from human cultured cells and EBV-transformed lymphoblasts, and from primary cultured hepatocytes from wild-type and Hmga1 -/- mice. Reporter gene assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation for binding of HMGA1 to the endogenous FoxoO1 locus were performed in cells overexpressing HMGA1 and in cells pretreated with siRNA targeting HMGA1. RESULTS HMGA1 increased FoxO1 mRNA and protein expression in vitro, in cultured HepG2 and HEK-293 cells by binding FoxO1 gene promoter, thereby activating FoxO1 gene transcription. Forced expression of HMGA1 in primary cultured hepatocytes from Hmga1 -/- mice and in EBV-transformed lymphoblasts from subjects with reduced expression of endogenous HMGA1 increased FoxO1 mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION These findings may contribute to the understanding of FoxO1 gene regulation and its role in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Arcidiacono
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Messineo
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco L Bilotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ida Pastore
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica M Corigliano
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela P Foti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Brunetti
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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