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Al-Khateeb RS, Althagafy HS, ElAssouli MZ, Nori DA, AlFattani M, Al-Najjar SA, Al Amri T, Hashem AM, Harakeh S, Helmi N. Iron Chelation Reduces DNA Damage in Sickle Cell Anemia. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:10760296211047230. [PMID: 34633875 PMCID: PMC8521763 DOI: 10.1177/10760296211047230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a blood condition that causes severe pain. One of the therapeutic agents used for the treatment of SCA is hydroxyurea, which reduces the episodes of pain but causes DNA damage to white blood cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of hydroxyurea and iron chelation therapy in relation to the extent of DNA-associated damage. Blood samples were collected from 120 subjects from five groups. Various hematological parameters of the obtained serum were analyzed. The amount of damage caused to their DNA was detected using the comet assay and fluorescent microscopy techniques. The percentage of DNA damage in the group that was subjected to the combination therapy (target group) was 1.32% ± 1.51%, which was significantly lower (P < .05) than that observed in the group treated with hydroxyurea alone (6.36% ± 2.36%). While the target group showed comparable levels of hemoglobin F and lactate dehydrogenase compared to the group that was treated with hydroxyurea alone, highly significant levels of transferrin receptors and ferritin were observed in the target group. The results of this study revealed that the administration of iron chelation drugs with hydroxyurea may help improve patients' health and prevent the DNA damage caused to white blood cells due to hydroxyurea. Further studies are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms that are involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan S Al-Khateeb
- 37848Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, KSA
| | | | - Mohammad Zaki ElAssouli
- 37848Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC); Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, KSA
| | - Dunya A Nori
- 37848Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, KSA
| | | | | | - Turki Al Amri
- 37848Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M Hashem
- 37848Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC); Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, KSA
| | - Steve Harakeh
- 37848Special Infectious Agents Unit, and Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, KSA
| | - Nawal Helmi
- 441424Department of Biochemistry, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, KSA
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