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Jock RM, Jacobson NT, Rudolph M, Ward DR, Carroll MS, Luhman DR. Publisher Correction: A silicon singlet-triplet qubit driven by spin-valley coupling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2879. [PMID: 35585054 PMCID: PMC9117188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Jock
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
| | - N Tobias Jacobson
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Martin Rudolph
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Daniel R Ward
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.,HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, 90265, USA
| | - Malcolm S Carroll
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.,IBM Quantum, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA
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Jock RM, Jacobson NT, Rudolph M, Ward DR, Carroll MS, Luhman DR. Publisher Correction: A silicon singlet-triplet qubit driven by spin-valley coupling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1198. [PMID: 35232967 PMCID: PMC8888743 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Jock
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.
| | - N Tobias Jacobson
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Martin Rudolph
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Daniel R Ward
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.,IBM Quantum, Yorktown Heights, NY, 10598, USA
| | - Malcolm S Carroll
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA.,HRL Laboratories, LLC, Malibu, CA, 90265, USA
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Harvey-Collard P, Jacobson NT, Bureau-Oxton C, Jock RM, Srinivasa V, Mounce AM, Ward DR, Anderson JM, Manginell RP, Wendt JR, Pluym T, Lilly MP, Luhman DR, Pioro-Ladrière M, Carroll MS. Spin-orbit Interactions for Singlet-Triplet Qubits in Silicon. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:217702. [PMID: 31283344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.217702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling is relatively weak for electrons in bulk silicon, but enhanced interactions are reported in nanostructures such as the quantum dots used for spin qubits. These interactions have been attributed to various dissimilar interface effects, including disorder or broken crystal symmetries. In this Letter, we use a double-quantum-dot qubit to probe these interactions by comparing the spins of separated singlet-triplet electron pairs. We observe both intravalley and intervalley mechanisms, each dominant for [110] and [100] magnetic field orientations, respectively, that are consistent with a broken crystal symmetry model. We also observe a third spin-flip mechanism caused by tunneling between the quantum dots. This improved understanding is important for qubit uniformity, spin control and decoherence, and two-qubit gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Harvey-Collard
- Département de physique et Institut quantique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke (Québec) J1K 2R1, Canada
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - N Tobias Jacobson
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Chloé Bureau-Oxton
- Département de physique et Institut quantique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke (Québec) J1K 2R1, Canada
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Ryan M Jock
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Vanita Srinivasa
- Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Andrew M Mounce
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Daniel R Ward
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - John M Anderson
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | | | - Joel R Wendt
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Tammy Pluym
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Michael P Lilly
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Dwight R Luhman
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Michel Pioro-Ladrière
- Département de physique et Institut quantique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke (Québec) J1K 2R1, Canada
- Quantum Information Science Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8, Canada
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Hardy WJ, Harris CT, Su YH, Chuang Y, Moussa J, Maurer LN, Li JY, Lu TM, Luhman DR. Single and double hole quantum dots in strained Ge/SiGe quantum wells. Nanotechnology 2019; 30:215202. [PMID: 30869078 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab061e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Even as today's most prominent spin-based qubit technologies are maturing in terms of capability and sophistication, there is growing interest in exploring alternate material platforms that may provide advantages, such as enhanced qubit control, longer coherence times, and improved extensibility. Recent advances in heterostructure material growth have opened new possibilities for employing hole spins in semiconductors for qubit applications. Undoped, strained Ge/SiGe quantum wells are promising candidate hosts for hole spin-based qubits due to their low disorder, large intrinsic spin-orbit coupling strength, and absence of valley states. Here, we use a simple one-layer gated device structure to demonstrate both a single quantum dot as well as coupling between two adjacent quantum dots. The hole effective mass in these undoped structures, m* ∼ 0.08 m 0, is significantly lower than for electrons in Si/SiGe, pointing to the possibility of enhanced tunnel couplings in quantum dots and favorable qubit-qubit interactions in an industry-compatible semiconductor platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will J Hardy
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, United States of America
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Pacheco JL, Singh M, Perry DL, Wendt JR, Ten Eyck G, Manginell RP, Pluym T, Luhman DR, Lilly MP, Carroll MS, Bielejec E. Ion implantation for deterministic single atom devices. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:123301. [PMID: 29289172 DOI: 10.1063/1.5001520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a capability of deterministic doping at the single atom level using a combination of direct write focused ion beam and solid-state ion detectors. The focused ion beam system can position a single ion to within 35 nm of a targeted location and the detection system is sensitive to single low energy heavy ions. This platform can be used to deterministically fabricate single atom devices in materials where the nanostructure and ion detectors can be integrated, including donor-based qubits in Si and color centers in diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Pacheco
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - M Singh
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - D L Perry
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - J R Wendt
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - G Ten Eyck
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - R P Manginell
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - T Pluym
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - D R Luhman
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - M P Lilly
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - M S Carroll
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - E Bielejec
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
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Li W, Luhman DR, Tsui DC, Pfeiffer LN, West KW. Observation of reentrant phases induced by short-range disorder in the lowest Landau level of Al{x}Ga{1-x}As/Al{0.32}Ga{0.68}as heterostructures. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:076803. [PMID: 20868067 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.076803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of a reentrant quantum Hall effect in the lowest Landau level between filling factors of 2/3 and 3/5 in a Al{x}Ga{1-x}As/Al{0.32}Ga{0.68}As heterostructure sample with x=0.85%. A reentrant insulating phase is also observed between filling factors of 2/5 and 1/3, demonstrating particle-hole symmetry between these phases. A sample with x=0.21% shows much weaker reentrant features, indicating that increased short-range scattering, due to the Al alloy in the conduction channel, aids in the formation of these phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Li
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Luhman DR, Pan W, Tsui DC, Pfeiffer LN, Baldwin KW, West KW. Observation of a fractional quantum hall state at nu = 1/4 in a wide GaAs quantum well. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:266804. [PMID: 19437661 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.266804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of an even-denominator fractional quantum Hall state at nu = 1/4 in a high quality, wide GaAs quantum well. The sample has a quantum well width of 50 nm and an electron density of n(e) = 2.55 x 10(11) cm(-2). We have performed transport measurements at T - 35 mK in magnetic fields up to 45 T. When the sample is perpendicular to the applied magnetic field, the diagonal resistance displays a kink at nu = 1/4. Upon tilting the sample to an angle of theta = 20.3 degrees a clear fractional quantum Hall state emerges at nu = 1/4 with a plateau in the Hall resistance and a strong minimum in the diagonal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Luhman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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Luhman DR, Herrmann JC, Hallock RB. Observation of two-dimensional classical wave localization: third sound on superfluid 4He films on a disordered substrate. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:176401. [PMID: 15904318 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.176401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of measurements of the propagation of third sound waves on superfluid 4He adsorbed to two-dimensional ordered and disordered substrates. In the disordered case we compare the experimental results to theoretical predictions of classical wave localization in such systems and conclude that classical wave localization is present in our system.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Luhman
- Laboratory of Low Temperature Physics, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Abstract
Thermal deposition of CaF2 onto a glass substrate creates a nanoscale rough surface. A series of samples with differing nominal CaF2 film thicknesses have been fabricated, and the topography has been investigated using atomic force microscopy. Measured values for the statistical characterization of the samples are presented including the exponents describing the scaling behavior of the surfaces. We find that the roughness exponent alpha=0.88+/-0.03 , the growth exponent beta=0.75+/-0.03 , and the dynamical exponent z=alpha/beta=1.17+/-0.06 . We also measure the multifractal spectra and nearest neighbor height difference probability distribution. The results are consistent with noise dominated by a power-law distribution with exponent mu+1 approximately equal to 4.6. Profilometer measurements were used to determine the porosity phi of the deposited films, which we find to be constant for all film thicknesses with phi approximately 0.46 .
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Luhman
- Laboratory of Low Temperature Physics, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Luhman DR, Hallock RB. Kosterlitz-Thouless transition for 4He films adsorbed to rough surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:086106. [PMID: 15447205 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.086106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the study of adsorption isotherms of 4He on several well characterized rough CaF2 surfaces using a quartz crystal microbalance technique at 1.672 K. The signature of decoupled mass observed on crossing the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition as a function of 4He film thickness decreases and becomes increasingly difficult to identify as the surface roughness is increased. A peak in the dissipation, indicative of the onset of superfluidity, changes little with roughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Luhman
- Laboratory of Low Temperature Physics, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Abstract
We have studied the surface roughness of CaF2 vacuum deposited on glass using atomic force microscopy for film coverages spanning an order of magnitude. We find the roughness exponent alpha=0.88+/-0.03, the growth exponent beta=0.75+/-0.03, and the dynamic exponent z=alpha/beta=1.17+/-0.06. Multifractality is also present, along with power-law behavior in the nearest neighbor height difference probability distribution. The results indicate noise dominated by a power-law distribution with exponent micro+1 approximately 4.6.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Luhman
- Laboratory of Low Temperature Physics, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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