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van Gastel M, Nagano Y, Zondervan R, Canters GW, Jeuken LJC, Warmerdam GCM, de Waal EC, Groenen EJJ. Hydrogen Bonding in the Blue-Copper Site. Resonance Raman Study. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013839p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. van Gastel
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y. Nagano
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R. Zondervan
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G. W. Canters
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L. J. C. Jeuken
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - G. C. M. Warmerdam
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E. C. de Waal
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E. J. J. Groenen
- Department of Molecular Physics, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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van Gastel M, Canters GW, Krupka H, Messerschmidt A, de Waal EC, Warmerdam GCM, Groenen EJJ. Axial Ligation in Blue-Copper Proteins. A W-Band Electron Spin Echo Detected Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study of the Azurin Mutant M121H. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja993357f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. van Gastel
- Contribution from the Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried bei München, Germany
| | - G. W. Canters
- Contribution from the Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried bei München, Germany
| | - H. Krupka
- Contribution from the Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried bei München, Germany
| | - A. Messerschmidt
- Contribution from the Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried bei München, Germany
| | - E. C. de Waal
- Contribution from the Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried bei München, Germany
| | - G. C. M. Warmerdam
- Contribution from the Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried bei München, Germany
| | - E. J. J. Groenen
- Contribution from the Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, and Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Am Klopferspitz 18A, D-82152 Martinsried bei München, Germany
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Muyzer G, de Waal EC, Uitterlinden AG. Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993; 59:695-700. [PMID: 7683183 PMCID: PMC202176 DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.3.695-700.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6354] [Impact Index Per Article: 205.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a new molecular approach to analyzing the genetic diversity of complex microbial populations. This technique is based on the separation of polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragments of genes coding for 16S rRNA, all the same length, by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DGGE analysis of different microbial communities demonstrated the presence of up to 10 distinguishable bands in the separation pattern, which were most likely derived from as many different species constituting these populations, and thereby generated a DGGE profile of the populations. We showed that it is possible to identify constituents which represent only 1% of the total population. With an oligonucleotide probe specific for the V3 region of 16S rRNA of sulfate-reducing bacteria, particular DNA fragments from some of the microbial populations could be identified by hybridization analysis. Analysis of the genomic DNA from a bacterial biofilm grown under aerobic conditions suggests that sulfate-reducing bacteria, despite their anaerobicity, were present in this environment. The results we obtained demonstrate that this technique will contribute to our understanding of the genetic diversity of uncharacterized microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Muyzer
- Department of Chemistry, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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Muyzer G, de Waal EC, Uitterlinden AG. Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993; 16:677-83. [PMID: 7683183 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2015.1013535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a new molecular approach to analyzing the genetic diversity of complex microbial populations. This technique is based on the separation of polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragments of genes coding for 16S rRNA, all the same length, by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DGGE analysis of different microbial communities demonstrated the presence of up to 10 distinguishable bands in the separation pattern, which were most likely derived from as many different species constituting these populations, and thereby generated a DGGE profile of the populations. We showed that it is possible to identify constituents which represent only 1% of the total population. With an oligonucleotide probe specific for the V3 region of 16S rRNA of sulfate-reducing bacteria, particular DNA fragments from some of the microbial populations could be identified by hybridization analysis. Analysis of the genomic DNA from a bacterial biofilm grown under aerobic conditions suggests that sulfate-reducing bacteria, despite their anaerobicity, were present in this environment. The results we obtained demonstrate that this technique will contribute to our understanding of the genetic diversity of uncharacterized microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Muyzer
- Department of Chemistry, Leiden University, The Netherlands
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