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McCallion J, Borsi A, Noel W, Lee J, Karmous W, Sattler S, Boggia GM, Hardy EJ, Mitchell CR, Mitchell SA, Gilhus NE. Systematic review of the patient burden of generalised myasthenia gravis in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:61. [PMID: 38336636 PMCID: PMC10858594 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03553-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease characterised by muscle weakness, and progression from ocular (oMG) to generalised (gMG) symptoms results in a substantial negative impact on quality of life (QoL). This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of the patient burden experienced by people living with gMG. METHODS Electronic database searches (conducted March 2022), supplemented by interrogation of grey literature, were conducted to identify studies reporting patient burden outcomes in patients with gMG in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Results were synthesised narratively due to the heterogeneity across trials. RESULTS In total, 39 patient burden publications (representing 38 unique studies) were identified as relevant for inclusion in the systematic review, consisting of 37 publications reporting formal patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and two publications describing alternative qualitative assessments of patient experience. The studies included a variety of measures including generic and disease-specific PROMs, as well as symptom-specific PROMs focusing on key comorbidities including depression, anxiety, fatigue and sleep disturbance. The findings showed some variation across studies and PROMs; however, in general there was evidence for worse QoL in patients with gMG than in healthy controls or in patients with oMG, and a trend for worsening QoL with increasing MG severity. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the importance of considering patient QoL when developing and assessing treatment and management plans for patients with gMG. However, the heterogeneity identified across studies illustrates the need for further representative and well-powered studies in large cohorts administering consistent, validated questionnaires. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol for this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42022328444.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Borsi
- Janssen EMEA, Beerse, Belgium
| | - W Noel
- Janssen EMEA, Beerse, Belgium
| | - J Lee
- Janssen EMEA, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - E J Hardy
- Mtech Access, Bicester, Oxfordshire, UK
| | | | | | - Nils Erik Gilhus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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Hardy EJ, Deane CS, Lund JN, Phillips BE. Loss of muscle mass in the immediate post-operative period is associated with inadequate dietary protein and energy intake. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:503-505. [PMID: 36702923 PMCID: PMC10115623 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the implementation of 'Enhanced Recovery After Surgery' (ERAS) protocols, major abdominal surgery is still associated with significant and detrimental losses of muscle mass and function in the post-operative period. Although ERAS protocols advocate both early mobility and dietary intake, dietary composition in the immediate post-operative period is poorly characterised, despite muscle losses being greatest in this period. Herein, we show in 15 patients (66 ± 6 y, 12:3 M:F) who lost ~10% m. vastus lateralis muscle mass in the 5 days after open colorectal resective surgery, mean energy intake was only ~25% of the minimum ESPEN recommendation of 25 kcal/kg/d and daily dietary protein intake was only ~12% of the ESPEN recommended guidelines of 1.5 g/kg/d. Given the known importance of nutrition for muscle mass maintenance, innovative dietary interventions are needed in the immediate post-operative period, accounting for specific patient dietary preference to maximise compliance (e.g., soft-textured foods).
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Hardy
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK.,Centre Of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, UK.,Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and MRC/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Nottingham, UK
| | - C S Deane
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences and Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - J N Lund
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK.,Centre Of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, UK
| | - B E Phillips
- Centre Of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, Derby, UK. .,Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and MRC/Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Nottingham, UK.
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Malhamé I, Danilack VA, Raker CA, Hardy EJ, Spalding H, Bouvier BA, Hurlburt H, Vrees R, Savitz DA, Mehta N. Cardiovascular severe maternal morbidity in pregnant and postpartum women: development and internal validation of risk prediction models. BJOG 2020; 128:922-932. [PMID: 32946639 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and internally validate risk prediction models identifying women at risk for cardiovascular severe maternal morbidity (CSMM). DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTING An obstetric teaching hospital between 2007 and 2017. POPULATION A total of 89 681 delivery hospitalisations. METHODS We created and evaluated two models, one predicting CSMM at delivery (delivery model) and the other predicting CSMM postpartum following discharge from delivery hospitalisation (postpartum CSMM). We assessed model discrimination and calibration and used bootstrapping for internal validation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cardiovascular severe maternal morbidity comprised the following confirmed conditions: pulmonary oedema/acute heart failure, myocardial infarction, aneurysm, cardiac arrest/ventricular fibrillation, heart failure/arrest during surgery or procedure, cerebrovascular disorders, cardiogenic shock, conversion of cardiac rhythm and difficult-to-control severe hypertension. RESULTS The delivery model contained 11 variables and 3 interaction terms. The strongest predictors were gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, multiple gestation, cardiac lesions or valvular heart disease, maternal age ≥40 years and history of poor pregnancy outcome. The postpartum model comprised eight variables. The strongest predictors were severe pre-eclampsia, non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity, chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, non-severe pre-eclampsia and maternal age ≥40 years at delivery. The delivery and postpartum models had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 (95% CI 0.85-0.89) and 0.85 (95% CI 0.80-0.90), respectively. Both models were adequately calibrated and performed well on internal validation. CONCLUSIONS These tools may help providers to identify women at highest risk of CSMM and enable future prevention measures. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Risk assessment tools for cardiovascular severe maternal morbidity were developed and internally validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Malhamé
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - V A Danilack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - C A Raker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - E J Hardy
- Department of Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - H Spalding
- Department of Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - B A Bouvier
- Department of Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - H Hurlburt
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Cardiovascular Associates of Care New England, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Vrees
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - D A Savitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - N Mehta
- Department of Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Ryan PJ, Howell V, Jones J, Hardy EJ. Lung cancer, caring for the caregivers. A qualitative study of providing pro-active social support targeted to the carers of patients with lung cancer. Palliat Med 2008; 22:233-8. [PMID: 18477717 DOI: 10.1177/0269216307087145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carers of patients with lung cancer often have a short time to access the support they require. The Macmillan Carers Project (MCP) was set up to provide non-clinical social support targeted in the community to the carers of patients with lung cancer and this study describes its evaluation. METHODS Prospective case study using interviews with the carers, project workers and health and social care professionals to obtain qualitative data for thematic analysis. 81 patients' carers received support from the MCP; 20 carers, 2 MCP workers and their manager and 10 other professionals (chest consultant physician, lung cancer clinical nurse specialist, GP, four Macmillan nurses, hospice social worker and two community social workers) were interviewed. RESULTS Patients were predominantly male (62%), mean age 71 years and carers were predominantly female (70%) mean age 63 years. Carers identified the MCP as providing emotional support, more time, practical help, financial advice, information and back-up for a myriad of problems. Although there was some overlap with other services, the MCP was valued by carers and professionals as filling a gap in social care. CONCLUSIONS The unique aspect of this study was support targeted to the carers of a single cancer site (lung) rather than generic cancer support. As lung cancer may progress rapidly, patients and their carers have a short time to gather new information, access services and adjust to their new circumstances and roles. By focusing on the needs of carers from the time of lung cancer diagnosis, we have shown that the MCP was a valued additional service, well received by carers, patients and professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Ryan
- Hereford County Hospital, Hereford, UK.
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