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Akyol D, Çankayalı İ, Ersel M, Demirağ K, Uyar M, Can Ö, Özçete E, Karbek-Akarca F, Yağdı T, Engin Ç, Özgiray E, Yurtseven T, Yağmur B, Nalbantgil S, Ekren P, Bozkurt D, Şirin H, Çilli F, Sezer ED, Taşbakan M, Yamazhan T, Pullukçu H, Sipahi H, Arda B, Ulusoy S, Sipahi OR. Impact of the empirical therapy timing on the clinical progress of septic shock patients. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:116149. [PMID: 38142580 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of timing of antimicrobial therapy on clinical progress of patients with septic shock. MATERIALS AND METHOD We included 204 adult patients diagnosed with septic shock according to Sepsis-3 criteria between March 2016 and April 2021. One-month survival was evaluated using univariate and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Antibiotic treatment was initiated within 1 h of the vasopressors in 26.4 % of patients. One-month mortality did not differ significantly between patients with and without empirical therapy coverage on etiological agents. Univariate factors that significantly affected one-month survival were starting antibiotics at the first hour, the unit where the case was diagnosed with septic shock, SOFA scores, qSOFA scores, and lactate level. In multivariate analysis, diagnosis of septic shock in the Emergency Service, SOFA score ≥11, qSOFA score of three and lactate level ≥4 were significantly associated with one-month mortality. CONCLUSION Training programs should be designed to increase the awareness of septic shock diagnosis and treatment in the Emergency Service and other hospital units. Additionally, electronic patient files should have warning systems for earlier diagnosis and consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Akyol
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - İlkin Çankayalı
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Murat Ersel
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Demirağ
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Uyar
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Özge Can
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Enver Özçete
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Funda Karbek-Akarca
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Department, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tahir Yağdı
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Çağatay Engin
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Erkin Özgiray
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Taşkın Yurtseven
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Yağmur
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sanem Nalbantgil
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pervin Ekren
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pulmonology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Devrim Bozkurt
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hadiye Şirin
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Feriha Çilli
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Meltem Taşbakan
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tansu Yamazhan
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hüsnü Pullukçu
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Sipahi
- Bornova Public Health Directorate, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bilgin Arda
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sercan Ulusoy
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Reşat Sipahi
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey; King Hamad University Hospital, Bahrain Oncology Center, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bahrain
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Öcek Z, Batı H, Sezer ED, Köroğlu ÖA, Yılmaz Ö, Yılmaz ND, Mandıracıoğlu A. Research training program in a Turkish medical school: challenges, barriers and opportunities from the perspectives of the students and faculty members. BMC Med Educ 2021; 21:2. [PMID: 33397360 PMCID: PMC7780673 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Providing medical students with opportunities for research experience is challenging for medical schools in developing countries. The Research Training Program (RTP), which is carried out in Ege University Faculty of Medicine (EUFM) parallel to the core curriculum, aims to improve the scientific competencies of the highly motivated students and to provide them with the opportunity to conduct a research. The purpose of this project is to evaluate RTP through the perspectives of students and faculty members. METHODS This phenomenological study included two groups; students of RTP and faculty members who contributed to the program. Interviews were conducted with the research group whose selection was determined by maximum variation technique. Interviews with new individuals continued until data saturation was reached. Interpretative data analysis started with close reading of the transcripts and generating a list of codes. Coding by two independently, developing categories and themes were the following steps. RESULTS Twenty-one RTP students and 14 faculty members were interviewed. The main motivation for students to participate was the desire to learn how to do research. The introduction course providing the students with the basic competencies needs to be improved in terms of practical activities. It was reported that during the project process students needed intensive guidance especially in finding a research topic and a mentor. The students' lack of time, deficit of enough mentoring and the fact that conducting a research does not provide a competitive advantage for residency are important obstacles to the completion of the program. The most frequently mentioned achievement of the students is to learn all the stages of the research as well as getting acquainted with critical thinking. CONCLUSIONS This research showed that it was realistic to implement research programs for highly motivated students in medical schools with conditions like those in EUFM. The solution of mentor shortage emerged in this study is dependent on the adoption of student research as a national policy. Getting acquainted with the interrogative thinking style, conducting research, and making lifelong learning a core value are more important outcomes of research programs than the number of completed projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha Öcek
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hilal Batı
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Özge Altun Köroğlu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Yılmaz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Aliye Mandıracıoğlu
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Emre HO, Karpuzoglu FH, Coskun C, Sezer ED, Ozturk OG, Ucar F, Cubukcu HC, Arslan FD, Deniz L, Senes M, Serteser M, Yazici C, Yucel D, Coskun A. Utilization of biological variation data in the interpretation of laboratory test results - survey about clinicians' opinion and knowledge. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2020; 31:010705. [PMID: 33380892 PMCID: PMC7745156 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2021.010705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To interpret test results correctly, understanding of the variations that affect test results is essential. The aim of this study is: 1) to evaluate the clinicians’ knowledge and opinion concerning biological variation (BV), and 2) to investigate if clinicians use BV in the interpretation of test results. Materials and methods This study uses a questionnaire comprising open-ended and close-ended questions. Questions were selected from the real-life numerical examples of interpretation of test results, the knowledge about main sources of variations in laboratories and the opinion of clinicians on BV. A total of 399 clinicians were interviewed, and the answers were evaluated using a scoring system ranked from A (clinician has the highest level of knowledge and the ability of using BV data) to D (clinician has no knowledge about variations in laboratory). The results were presented as number (N) and percentage (%). Results Altogether, 60.4% of clinicians have knowledge of pre-analytical and analytical variations; but only 3.5% of them have knowledge related to BV. The number of clinicians using BV data or reference change value (RCV) to interpret measurements results was zero, while 79.4% of clinicians accepted that the difference between two measurements results located within the reference interval may be significant. Conclusions Clinicians do not use BV data or tools derived from BV such as RCV to interpret test results. It is recommended that BV should be included in the medical school curriculum, and clinicians should be encouraged to use BV data for safe and valid interpretation of test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humeyra Ozturk Emre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kahramanmaras Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Fatma Hande Karpuzoglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihan Coskun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Haydarpasa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Ucar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Can Cubukcu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Maresal Cakmak State Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Demet Arslan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Levent Deniz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Senes
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Serteser
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevat Yazici
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Dogan Yucel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Coskun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Canbay E, Vural M, Kalkan Uçar S, Sezer ED, Karasoy H, Yüceyar AN, Çoker M, Sözmen EY. The decision-making levels of urine tetrasaccharide for the diagnosis of Pompe disease in the Turkish population. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:391-395. [PMID: 32069240 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Recently, urinary excretion of the tetrasaccharide 6-α-D-glucopyranosyl-maltotriose (Glc4) has been proposed as a marker for the diagnosis and monitoring of Pompe disease (PD). We aimed to determine the reference intervals and reliable decision-making levels of urine tetrasaccharide concentrations for the diagnosis of infantile- and late-onset Pompe patients in the Turkish population. Methods In this study, nine patients with PD (five of them with late-onset PD [LOPD]) and 226 healthy individuals (aged 0-64 years) were included. Urine Glc4 concentrations were determined using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method. Results Our data showed that the urine tetrasaccharide levels decreased with age in healthy individuals (p < 0.001, r = -0.256). It was higher especially during the first year of life compared to that in the elder subjects. The tetrasaccharide level of Pompe patients was higher compared to that of healthy controls of the same age: 99 ± 68 mmol/mol creatinine for infantile onset vs. 4.0 ± 3.0 mmol/mol creatinine for healthy controls of the same age group and 12.1 ± 17.4 mmol/mol creatinine for late onset vs. 1.7±1.2 mmol/mol creatinine for healthy controls of the same age group. Conclusions The results of this study showed that the reference intervals of tetrasaccharide in urine changed over time; therefore, it is critically important to define age-based decision levels for the diagnosis of LOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Canbay
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melisa Vural
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sema Kalkan Uçar
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Karasoy
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Nur Yüceyar
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Çoker
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eser Yildirim Sözmen
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
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Canbay E, Sezer ED, Uçar SK, Çoker M, Sözmen EY. LC-MS/MS measurement of leukocyte cystine; effect of preanalytic factors. Talanta 2020; 209:120558. [PMID: 31892015 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cystinosis is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of cystine in lysosomes, causing irreversible damage to organs, especially the kidneys. Intracellular leukocyte cystine concentrations are used to diagnose cystinosis and to monitor cysteamine treatment. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method without derivatization capable of measuring leukocyte intracellular cystine concentrations. During development, the effects of using three different protein precipitation agents were evaluated in terms of sensitivity and the matrix effect, with 12% trichloroacetic acid providing the highest sensitivity. The effects of different blood collection tubes were also assessed in terms of recovery, matrix effect, and protein content. Compared to other methods, our method was quicker (run time of 3 min), was linear over the range 0.078-100 μM, and had lower limits of detection (0.0192 μM) and quantification (0.0582 μM). The intra-day and inter-day reproducibility %CVs were ≤10%. and the method had excellent recovery rates (94%-106%). Other parameters including matrix selectivity, injection carryover, leukocyte lysate stability were also validated and met the acceptance criterias of European Medicines Agency (EMA) Guideline. The assay was successfully applied to quantify cystine leukocyte concentration in healthy and cystinosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Canbay
- Department of Medical Biochemisry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Department of Medical Biochemisry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Sema Kalkan Uçar
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Çoker
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eser Yıldırım Sözmen
- Department of Medical Biochemisry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Sezer ED, Oktay LM, Karadadaş E, Memmedov H, Selvi Gunel N, Sözmen E. Assessing Anticancer Potential of Blueberry Flavonoids, Quercetin, Kaempferol, and Gentisic Acid, Through Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Parameters on HCT-116 Cells. J Med Food 2019; 22:1118-1126. [PMID: 31241392 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, natural products gained popularity with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects mediated by chemical compounds within their composition. Study results offering them as palliative therapy options in cancer or as anticancer agents with high levels of cytotoxicity brought a new approach to combine cancer treatment protocols with these products. From a different perspective, edible types of these products are suggested in daily diets due to their potential cancer preventive effects. Our preliminary work was on blueberry extracts (Vaccinium myrtillus) as a main representative of these natural products, and the contents of the extracts were analyzed with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS) to reveal the composition and distribution of polyphenolic compounds within. The most abundant polyphenols detected in V. myrtillus extracts were quercetin, kaempferol, and a phenolic acid, gentisic acid (GA). The compounds were further evaluated on treated HCT-116 cells for their potential anticancer effects by measuring total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels for evaluation of oxidative stress and through protein array analysis and flow cytometric analysis for evaluation of apoptosis. In analysis of oxidative stress parameters, reduced total oxidant levels and reduced oxidative stress index levels were found in cells treated with the compounds in comparison with untreated cells. In apoptosis-related protein profiles, at least twofold reduction in various apoptotic proteins was observed after quercetin and kaempferol treatment, whereas a different profile was observed for GA. Overall, results of this study showed that quercetin and kaempferol have strong cytotoxic, antioxidant, and apoptotic effects, although GA is mostly effective as an antioxidant polyphenol on HCT-116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
| | - Latife Merve Oktay
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
| | - Elif Karadadaş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Memmedov
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
| | - Nur Selvi Gunel
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
| | - Eser Sözmen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Turkey
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Abstract
The lysosomal storage diseases (LDSs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited genetic disorders caused by defects of lysosomal proteins. The accumulation of undigested substrates from different catabolic pathways leads to cellular dysfunction. LSDs generally presents during early childhood and have a devastating impact on the families and on public health. Over the years, approaches for treatment of some LSDs have been developed with different strategies. Increasing availability of treatments of these diseases has accelerated the development of new methods and techniques for rapid diagnosis in patients with clinical indication.The use of dried blood spot (DBS) test has been proposed as a first tier test to identify patients with Gaucher, Pompe, and Fabry diseases. DBS usage is advantageous for the purpose of screening as it is non-invasive, sensitive, has low-cost and fast turnaround time compared to measurements in leucocyte and/or fibroblast culture. This chapter focuses on the activity measurement of three lysosomal enzymes (α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, and α galactosidase) in DBS samples by using fluorescent substrates and by the LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) method. All steps of the methods, from preparation of the solutions to calculation of the enzyme activity, will be explained in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eser Yıldırım Sozmen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Metabolism Laboratory, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Metabolism Laboratory, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Oktem G, Uysal A, Oral O, Sezer ED, Olukman M, Erol A, Akgur SA, Bilir A. Resveratrol attenuates doxorubicin-induced cellular damage by modulating nitric oxide and apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:471-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Sezer ED, Sozmen EY, Nart D, Onat T. Effect of atorvastatin therapy on oxidant-antioxidant status and atherosclerotic plaque formation. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2011; 7:333-43. [PMID: 21731885 PMCID: PMC3119591 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s17781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the oxidant–antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation products, as well as paraoxonase and atherosclerotic plaque formation, in a hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis rabbit model to investigate the effects of atorvastatin in the atherosclerotic process. Methods: Forty male New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups, ie, a control group receiving standard pellets, a group receiving atorvastatin therapy, a hypercholesterolemic group receiving an atherogenic diet, and a group receiving both an atherogenic diet and atorvastatin. Results: The atherogenic diet increased the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (1.84 vs 3.79 nmol/mg protein) and LDL-conjugated diene (147 vs 318 μmol/mg protein) after induction of oxidation by Cu2+, despite an increase of superoxide dismutase activity. Treatment with atorvastatin limited LDL oxidation significantly (LDL thiobarbituric acid reactive substances 2.19 nmol/mg protein, LDL-conjugated diene 222 μmol/mg protein). Paraoxonase, which prevents LDL oxidation and inactivates LDL-derived oxidized phospholipids, showed a pronounced decrease in the group receiving the atherogenic diet (110 U/L to 28 U/L), and atorvastatin treatment increased paraoxonase activity. Histological examination of arcus aorta tissues from the hypercholesterolemic group showed abundant plaque formation surrounding and obstructing the lumen, whereas treatment with atorvastatin prevented or limited plaque formation, keeping the plaque thin and localized. Conclusion: Atorvastatin has dramatic antiatherosclerotic effects, part of which seems to be due to the antioxidant features of the parent drug and/or its metabolites, favoring inhibition of LDL oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Medical Biochemistry, Department, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
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Sezer ED, Akçay YD, Ilanbey B, Yildirim HK, Sözmen EY. Pomegranate Wine Has Greater Protection Capacity Than Red Wine on Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation. J Med Food 2007; 10:371-4. [PMID: 17651077 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2006.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there is a large body of evidence on the main role of red wine in protection of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) against oxidation, there are few data on the role of pomegranate juice, which has high phenolic content. We conducted this study considering the possible importance of pomegranate wine as an antioxidant and in order to make a comparison between red and pomegranate wines. The phenol levels of pomegranate and red wines (4,850 mg/L gallic acid equivalents and 815 mg/L gallic acid equivalents, respectively) were in accordance with their total antioxidant activity (39.5% and 33.7%, respectively). Both wines decreased LDL-diene levels following a 30-minute incubation period compared with controls (145 +/- 3.2 micromol/mg of LDL protein). However, pure pomegranate wine demonstrated a greater antioxidant effect (P < .01) on diene level (110 +/- 4.6 micromol/mg of LDL protein) than pure red wine (124 +/- 3.2 micromol/mg of LDL protein). In conclusion, we suggest that pomegranate wine has potential protective effects toward LDL oxidation, and it may be a dietary choice for people who prefer fruit wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Demirel Sezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
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Irer SV, Alper GE, Sezer ED, Duman E, Saatcioglu F, Yilmaz C. The effect of l-deprenyl on tissue mRNA expressions of NOS isoforms and NO levels in an experimental diabetes mellitus model. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:811-5. [PMID: 17447001 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0693-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and aging share some common mechanisms in their pathogenesis and diabetics are more prone to diseases of the elderly. Seeking for therapies likely to be proposed in the synchronised treatment of aging and diabetes is of great interest and l-deprenyl, a selective monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) inhibitor, is a possible candidate with its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and neuroprotective properties. Tissue MAO, NO and mRNA expression of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) isoforms were assessed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats to evaluate the effect of l-deprenyl treatment. Twelve weeks of treatment had no significant effect on NO levels. Four-weeks treatment decreased tissue MAO activities and caused a decrease in expression of NOS-2 and NOS-3 in heart tissue of both controls and diabetics, and a decrease of liver NOS-3 expression in controls (p < 0.05). l-Deprenyl, causing a decrease in tissue NOS expressions, might be of benefit by protecting the organism from the toxic radical effects of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Irer
- Department of Biochemistry, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
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Ozgönül M, Oge A, Sezer ED, Bayraktar F, Sözmen EY. The effects of estrogen and raloxifene treatment on antioxidant enzymes in brain and liver of ovarectomized female rats. Endocr Res 2003; 29:183-9. [PMID: 12856805 DOI: 10.1081/erc-120022299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies documented that estrogen have antioxidant properties in-vitro, there are conflicting results on the effect of estrogen in vivo. We aimed to investigate the effects of estradiol and Raloxifene on the antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] activities and MDA levels in brain and liver homogenates of ovariectomized female rats. Twelve weeks after ovariectomy, female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 26) were divided into three groups: (1) Ovariectomized placebo group (n = 6) was given physiologic saline. (2) Estrogen group (n = 10) was given Ethynyl estradiol, 0.1 mg/kg sc. (3) Raloxifene group (n = 10) was given raloxifene, 1 mg/kg sc during 8 weeks. Ten rats were used as naive controls without any treatment (Sham operated group, n = 10). Ovariectomy lead to an increase in the CAT activities in liver tissue samples compared to the sham group (p = 0.056, Mann-Whitney test). While estrogen treatment reversed to normal levels of CAT activities, raloxifene remained as ineffective. Superoxide dismutase activities and MDA levels in liver were remained unchanged in all groups. There was no significant change in the brain tissue SOD and CAT activities between the control ovariectomy, estrogen treated, and raloxifen treated groups. We determined an increase in MDA levels in brain of ovariectmised rat (p = 0.02). While raloxifene treatment reversed to normal levels of MDA (p = estrogen treatment failed. Our data showed that estrogen may play a role in regulation of CAT and SOD activities in liver due to its antioxidative effects. We can suggest estrogen and raloxifene exert their antioxidative effects in brain rather than liver. Since Raloxifene's effect is more clear than estradiol, raloxifene may be suggested primarily for treatment and/or prevention of diseases which can be resulted from oxidative stress in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Ozgönül
- Department of Biochemistry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
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Oge A, Sezer ED, Ozgönül M, Bayraktar F, Sözmen EY. The effects of estrogen and raloxifene treatment on the antioxidant enzymes and nitrite-nitrate levels in brain cortex of ovariectomized rats. Neurosci Lett 2003; 338:217-20. [PMID: 12581835 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)01416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Number of studies indicate that the female gonadal hormone estrogen protects women against several neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia via various mechanisms. The possible protective effects of estrogen are mediated mainly by three ways; the activation of steroid receptors and/or modulation of a neurotransmitter and/or direct antioxidative action. Therefore we aimed to investigate the effects of estradiol and raloxifene on levels of nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant enzymes in brain cortex of ovariectomized female rats. Ten Sprague-Dawley rats were used as naive controls while 32 rats were ovariectomized at 120-140 days of age. Twelve weeks after ovariectomy: (1). Ovariectomized Placebo group (n=11), was given physiologic saline. (2). Estrogen group (n=10) was given Ethynyl estradiol, 0.1 mg/kg sc. (3). Raloxifene group (n=10) was given raloxifene, 1 mg/kg sc. At the end of the treatment period (8 weeks), rats were decapitated and cortex samples were dissected. Results showed that ovariectomy caused a decrease in total nitrite-nitrate levels. The NO levels of both the estrogen and the raloxifene group were higher than the placebo group. Catalase activities did not show any significant difference between the groups, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were elevated via ovariectomy. Estradiol and Raloxifene treatment had no statistically significant effect on SOD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşin Oge
- Department of Endocrinology, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Biyokimya Anabilim Dali, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey
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