Constructing inclusive teacher identity in a Finnish international teacher education programme: Indonesian teachers' learning and post-graduation experiences

This article explores how Indonesian teachers continuously reconstruct their identity as inclusive teachers during learning and after graduating from a Finnish master's degree Programme. Taking a narrative and dialogical perspective on identity construction, we analyse the teachers' narratives about their experiences during learning and after graduation when they returned to their respective schools. The findings illustrate the process of teacher identity construction to be inclusive teachers as a repositioning loop. Furthermore, the dynamics of self and others' repositioning provide insights into challenges and contradictions in implementing inclusive education in the post-conflict and post disaster context. The study may provide insights into how teacher identity construction influences inclusive education implementation and its potential to describe the dynamics of this process.

Experience-Dependent Effects to Situational Awareness in Police Officers: An Eye Tracking Study

Police work requires making suitable observations which form the basis of situational awareness (SA) of the encounter in progress. Incomplete early-stage SA (i.e., perception) can lead to errors in subsequent judgement and decision-making that can have severe consequences for performance, learning, and occupational health. SA in police contexts is still relatively understudied and requires closer examination using objective measures. The current preliminary study aimed to measure the gaze and fixation patterns among novice and expert police officers to understand early-stage SA at different levels of professional experience. Participants included 23 novices (10 early, 13 intermediate) and 11 experienced officers and instructors in tactics and use of force. Visit duration and fixation order were measured while participants viewed various static images of staged encounters. Results showed that all participants fixated longer on targets compared to the periphery, and fixated earlier on suspects’ faces compared to hands, bodies, or the environment. Further, experts fixated earlier on hands and spent less time scanning the environment than early novices. The current findings reveal eye movement patterns while officers engaged in typical police encounters. Future research can inform evidence-based police training to achieve optimal SA and minimize negative outcomes in training and operational field settings.

Boys' Experience of Physical Education When Their Gender Is in a Strong Minority

A literature search indicates an absence of research into boy's experiences of physical education (PE) in classes in which there is a significant majority of girls. The aim of the study was to examine how boys in such classes experience their PE lessons. The methodological approach was qualitative, and data were collected with interviews of 13 boys in classes with more than 90% girls at a Norwegian high school. The data were analyzed with QSR NVivo 10 (London), focused on creating categories of meaning, in which students' experiences were taken as subjectively true. The data are based on subjective constructions, which students constructed as part of their own interpretations and reflections on what had occurred in PE at the school. Results of the study came out in the form of three main findings. Two of those relate to a negative experience and the third to a positive experience of PE. The boys mostly felt that they are physically superior and have to consider the girls. Furthermore, the boys reported little challenge and feelings of mastery while being together with passive girls who are allowed to choose the activities. However, the boys found it easier to show off in front of the teachers and classmates when there were just a few boys in the class. The results are discussed in relation to gender-related theory on how the respondents are producing a traditional male gender in PE through their mastery, strength, and ambition to compete. We suggest a new approach of teaching that is more student-centered. A strategy could be to include other activities than sport-based activities into PE - activities that do not require strength and other athletic skills leading to feelings of hegemonic masculinity. A larger focus on social interactions during PE classes - activities in which students' sex is not as important as in traditional teacher- and sport-centered PE classes, may be a good strategy.