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Esberg A, Kindstedt E, Isehed C, Lindquist S, Holmlund A, Lundberg P. LIGHT protein: A novel gingival crevicular fluid biomarker associated with increased probing depth after periodontal surgery. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38390754 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the protein profiles in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in relation to clinical outcomes after periodontal surgery and examine if any selected proteins affect the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human gingival fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS This exploratory study included 21 consecutive patients with periodontitis. GCF was collected, and the protein pattern (n = 92) and clinical parameters were evaluated prior to surgery and 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Fibroblastic gene expression was analysed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Surgical treatment reduced periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and changed the GCF protein pattern. Twelve months after surgery, 17% of the pockets showed an increase in PPD. Levels of a number of proteins in the GCF decreased after surgical treatment but increased with early signs of tissue destruction, with LIGHT being one of the proteins that showed the strongest association. Furthermore, LIGHT up-regulated the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and MMP9 in human gingival fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS LIGHT can potentially detect subjects at high risk of periodontitis recurrence after surgical treatment. Moreover, LIGHT induces the expression of inflammatory cytokines and tissue-degrading enzymes in gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elin Kindstedt
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Catrine Isehed
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Health County Council of Gävleborg, Gävle County Hospital, Gävle, Sweden
- Center for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Susanne Lindquist
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Holmlund
- Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Health County Council of Gävleborg, Gävle County Hospital, Gävle, Sweden
- Center for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lundberg
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Sherina N, de Vries C, Kharlamova N, Sippl N, Jiang X, Brynedal B, Kindstedt E, Hansson M, Mathsson-Alm L, Israelsson L, Stålesen R, Saevarsdottir S, Holmdahl R, Hensvold A, Johannsen G, Eriksson K, Sallusto F, Catrina AI, Rönnelid J, Grönwall C, Yucel-Lindberg T, Alfredsson L, Klareskog L, Piccoli L, Malmström V, Amara K, Lundberg K. Antibodies to a Citrullinated Porphyromonas gingivalis Epitope Are Increased in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Can Be Produced by Gingival Tissue B Cells: Implications for a Bacterial Origin in RA Etiology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:804822. [PMID: 35514991 PMCID: PMC9066602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.804822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the epidemiological link between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the unique feature of the periodontal bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis to citrullinate proteins, it has been suggested that production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), which are present in a majority of RA patients, may be triggered in the gum mucosa. To address this hypothesis, we investigated the antibody response to a citrullinated P. gingivalis peptide in relation to the autoimmune ACPA response in early RA, and examined citrulline-reactivity in monoclonal antibodies derived from human gingival B cells. Antibodies to a citrullinated peptide derived from P. gingivalis (denoted CPP3) and human citrullinated peptides were analyzed by multiplex array in 2,807 RA patients and 372 controls; associations with RA risk factors and clinical features were examined. B cells from inflamed gingival tissue were single-cell sorted, and immunoglobulin (Ig) genes were amplified, sequenced, cloned and expressed (n=63) as recombinant monoclonal antibodies, and assayed for citrulline-reactivities by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, affinity-purified polyclonal anti-cyclic-citrullinated peptide (CCP2) IgG, and monoclonal antibodies derived from RA blood and synovial fluid B cells (n=175), were screened for CPP3-reactivity. Elevated anti-CPP3 antibody levels were detected in RA (11%), mainly CCP2+ RA, compared to controls (2%), p<0.0001, with a significant association to HLA-DRB1 shared epitope alleles, smoking and baseline pain, but with low correlation to autoimmune ACPA fine-specificities. Monoclonal antibodies derived from gingival B cells showed cross-reactivity between P. gingivalis CPP3 and human citrullinated peptides, and a CPP3+/CCP2+ clone, derived from an RA blood memory B cell, was identified. Our data support the possibility that immunity to P. gingivalis derived citrullinated antigens, triggered in the inflamed gum mucosa, may contribute to the presence of ACPA in RA patients, through mechanisms of molecular mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sherina
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte de Vries
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nastya Kharlamova
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalie Sippl
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elin Kindstedt
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Monika Hansson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Mathsson-Alm
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, ImmunoDiagnositic Division, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Israelsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ragnhild Stålesen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saedis Saevarsdottir
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Section for Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aase Hensvold
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Rheumatology, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm Health Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Johannsen
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Danakliniken Specialisttandvård, Praktikertjänst AB, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Kaja Eriksson
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita dell a Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anca I Catrina
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Rheumatology, Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm Health Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Rönnelid
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Caroline Grönwall
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tülay Yucel-Lindberg
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Klareskog
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luca Piccoli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Universita dell a Svizzera Italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Vivianne Malmström
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Khaled Amara
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Lundberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rosendahl S, Sulniute R, Eklund M, Koskinen Holm C, Johansson MJO, Kindstedt E, Lindquist S, Lundberg P. CCR3 deficiency is associated with increased osteoclast activity and reduced cortical bone volume in adult male mice. J Biol Chem 2020; 296:100177. [PMID: 33303631 PMCID: PMC7948475 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence emphasizes the importance of chemokines and chemokine receptors as regulators of bone remodeling. The C–C chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) is dramatically upregulated during osteoclastogenesis, but the role of CCR3 in osteoclast formation and bone remodeling in adult mice is unknown. Herein, we used bone marrow macrophages derived from adult male CCR3-proficient and CCR3-deficient mice to study the role of CCR3 in osteoclast formation and activity. CCR3 deficiency was associated with formation of giant hypernucleated osteoclasts, enhanced bone resorption when cultured on bone slices, and altered mRNA expression of related chemokine receptors and ligands. In addition, primary mouse calvarial osteoblasts isolated from CCR3-deficient mice showed increased mRNA expression of the osteoclast activator–related gene, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, and osteoblast differentiation–associated genes. Microcomputed tomography analyses of femurs from CCR3-deficient mice revealed a bone phenotype that entailed less cortical thickness and volume. Consistent with our in vitro studies, the total number of osteoclasts did not differ between the genotypes in vivo. Moreover, an increased endocortical osteoid mineralization rate and higher trabecular and cortical bone formation rate was displayed in CCR3-deficient mice. Collectively, our data show that CCR3 deficiency influences osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and that it is associated with thinner cortical bone in adult male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rosendahl
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rima Sulniute
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michaela Eklund
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Koskinen Holm
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marcus J O Johansson
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elin Kindstedt
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Susanne Lindquist
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lundberg
- Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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Kindstedt E, Koskinen Holm C, Palmqvist P, Sjöström M, Lejon K, Lundberg P. Innate lymphoid cells are present in gingivitis and periodontitis. J Periodontol 2018; 90:200-207. [PMID: 30070705 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently identified leukocytes of the immune system and these cells are increasingly acknowledged to play important roles in host defence and tissue repair. ILCs are also contributors of inflammatory diseases such as asthma and colitis. We analyzed the presence and relative proportions of the different ILC subsets (ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3) in gingivitis and periodontitis. Further, we investigated if ILCs express receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), a cytokine crucial for osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. METHODS We collected gingivitis and periodontitis soft tissue and characterized ILC subsets including RANKL expression in single-cell suspensions using flow cytometry. RESULTS ILCs were detected both in gingivitis and periodontitis. The majority of ILCs, in both conditions, were ILC1s. Furthermore, RANKL expression was detected on a fraction of the ILC1s. CONCLUSIONS Our discovery of the presence of ILCs both in gingivitis and periodontitis and concomitant expression of RANKL on a fraction of the ILC1 population suggest that these cells may be of importance in periodontal disease. In addition, our findings provide a new insight into the field of oral immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Kindstedt
- Department of Odontology, Division of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Koskinen Holm
- Department of Odontology, Division of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Py Palmqvist
- Department of Odontology, Division of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mats Sjöström
- Department of Odontology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kristina Lejon
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Immunology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lundberg
- Department of Odontology, Division of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden
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Kindstedt E, Johansson L, Palmqvist P, Koskinen Holm C, Kokkonen H, Johansson I, Rantapää Dahlqvist S, Lundberg P. Association Between Marginal Jawbone Loss and Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Relationship to Plasma Levels of RANKL. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:508-515. [PMID: 29195021 DOI: 10.1002/art.40394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether periodontitis, characterized by marginal jawbone loss, precedes the onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to analyze plasma levels of RANKL (a cytokine that is crucial for bone resorption) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPAs) in presymptomatic individuals compared with matched referent controls. METHODS Marginal jawbone loss was measured on dental radiographs of the premolar/molar regions in the jaws in 176 subjects, 93 of whom subsequently developed RA. Among these participating subjects, 46 had documented radiographs predating symptom onset, and 45 cases could be matched to controls, according to sex, age, and smoking status. Plasma RANKL concentrations were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to define the cutoff value for RANKL positivity. RESULTS Bone loss was significantly greater in presymptomatic subjects classified as never smokers compared with that in controls, and increasing levels of bone loss were associated with a higher risk of the subsequent development of RA (hazard ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.05). No association between jawbone loss and RA was observed in smokers. A significantly greater extent of marginal jawbone loss was detected in RANKL-positive presymptomatic subjects, and even more pronounced jawbone loss was observed in those who were positive for both RANKL and ACPA. CONCLUSION Marginal jawbone loss preceded the clinical onset of RA symptoms, but this was observed only in nonsmokers. Moreover, marginal jawbone loss was significantly greater in RANKL-positive presymptomatic subjects compared with RANKL-negative presymptomatic subjects and was highest in presymptomatic subjects positive for both ACPA and RANKL.
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Kindstedt E, Holm CK, Sulniute R, Martinez-Carrasco I, Lundmark R, Lundberg P. CCL11, a novel mediator of inflammatory bone resorption. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5334. [PMID: 28706221 PMCID: PMC5509729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal bone homeostasis, which is regulated by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts is perturbed by inflammation. In chronic inflammatory disease with disturbed bone remodelling, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, patients show increased serum levels of the chemokine eotaxin-1 (CCL11). Herein, we demonstrate an inflammatory driven expression of CCL11 in bone tissue and a novel role of CCL11 in osteoclast migration and resorption. Using an inflammatory bone lesion model and primary cell cultures, we discovered that osteoblasts express CCL11 in vivo and in vitro and that expression increased during inflammatory conditions. Osteoclasts did not express CCL11, but the high affinity receptor CCR3 was significantly upregulated during osteoclast differentiation and found to colocalise with CCL11. Exogenous CCL11 was internalised in osteoclast and stimulated the migration of pre-osteoclast and concomitant increase in bone resorption. Our data pinpoints that the CCL11/CCR3 pathway could be a new target for treatment of inflammatory bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Kindstedt
- Department of Odontology/Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Koskinen Holm
- Department of Odontology/Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rima Sulniute
- Department of Odontology/Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Irene Martinez-Carrasco
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Richard Lundmark
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lundberg
- Department of Odontology/Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
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