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Kittel-Boselli E, Soto KEG, Loureiro LR, Hoffmann A, Bergmann R, Arndt C, Koristka S, Mitwasi N, Kegler A, Bartsch T, Berndt N, Altmann H, Fasslrinner F, Bornhäuser M, Bachmann MP, Feldmann A. Targeting Acute Myeloid Leukemia Using the RevCAR Platform: A Programmable, Switchable and Combinatorial Strategy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194785. [PMID: 34638268 PMCID: PMC8508561 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of blood malignancy particularly affecting the myeloid lineage and one of the most common types of leukemia in adults. It is characterized by high heterogeneity among patients leading to immune escape and disease relapse, which challenges the development of immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells. In this way, the aim of our work was to establish the modular RevCAR platform as a combinatorial tumor targeting approach for the treatment of AML. Herein, we demonstrate the preclinical flexibility and efficiency of RevCAR T-cells in targeting patient-derived AML cells expressing CD33 and CD123. Furthermore, AND gate logic targeting these antigens was successfully established using the RevCAR platform. These accomplishments pave the way towards the future clinical translation of such an improved and personalized immunotherapy for AML patients aiming long-lasting anticarcinogenic responses. Abstract Clinical translation of novel immunotherapeutic strategies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still at an early stage. Major challenges include immune escape and disease relapse demanding for further improvements in CAR design. To overcome such hurdles, we have invented the switchable, flexible and programmable adaptor Reverse (Rev) CAR platform. This consists of T-cells engineered with RevCARs that are primarily inactive as they express an extracellular short peptide epitope incapable of recognizing surface antigens. RevCAR T-cells can be redirected to tumor antigens and controlled by bispecific antibodies cross-linking RevCAR T- and tumor cells resulting in tumor lysis. Remarkably, the RevCAR platform enables combinatorial tumor targeting following Boolean logic gates. We herein show for the first time the applicability of the RevCAR platform to target myeloid malignancies like AML. Applying in vitro and in vivo models, we have proven that AML cell lines as well as patient-derived AML blasts were efficiently killed by redirected RevCAR T-cells targeting CD33 and CD123 in a flexible manner. Furthermore, by targeting both antigens, a Boolean AND gate logic targeting could be achieved using the RevCAR platform. These accomplishments pave the way towards an improved and personalized immunotherapy for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Kittel-Boselli
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
- Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karla Elizabeth González Soto
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Liliana Rodrigues Loureiro
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Anja Hoffmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Stefanie Koristka
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Nicola Mitwasi
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Tabea Bartsch
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Nicole Berndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Heidi Altmann
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Frederick Fasslrinner
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany;
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (H.A.); (M.B.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Philipp Bachmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
- Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-351-260-3223
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01328 Dresden, Germany; (E.K.-B.); (K.E.G.S.); (L.R.L.); (A.H.); (R.B.); (C.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.); (A.K.); (T.B.); (N.B.); (A.F.)
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Feldmann A, Hoffmann A, Bergmann R, Koristka S, Berndt N, Arndt C, Rodrigues Loureiro L, Kittel-Boselli E, Mitwasi N, Kegler A, Lamprecht C, González Soto KE, Bachmann M. Versatile chimeric antigen receptor platform for controllable and combinatorial T cell therapy. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1785608. [PMID: 32923149 PMCID: PMC7458653 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1785608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells show remarkable therapeutic effects in some hematological malignancies. However, CAR T cells can also cause life-threatening side effects. In order to minimize off-target and on-target/off-tumor reactions, improve safety, enable controllability, provide high flexibility, and increase tumor specificity, we established a novel humanized artificial receptor platform termed RevCARs. RevCAR genes encode for small surface receptors lacking any antigen-binding moiety. Steering of RevCAR T cells occurs via bispecific targeting molecules (TMs). The small size of RevCAR-encoding genes allows the construction of polycistronic vectors. Here, we demonstrate that RevCAR T cells efficiently kill tumor cells, can be steered by TMs, flexibly redirected against multiple targets, and used for combinatorial targeting following the "OR" and "AND" gate logic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Feldmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Hoffmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefanie Koristka
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Berndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Liliana Rodrigues Loureiro
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Enrico Kittel-Boselli
- Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Mitwasi
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kegler
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Chris Lamprecht
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Center of Clinical Neuroscience, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karla Elizabeth González Soto
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Department of Radioimmunology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
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