Toyjanova J, Flores-Cortez E, Reichner JS, Franck C. Matrix confinement plays a pivotal role in regulating neutrophil-generated tractions, speed, and integrin utilization.
J Biol Chem 2014;
290:3752-63. [PMID:
25525264 DOI:
10.1074/jbc.m114.619643]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are capable of switching from integrin-dependent motility on two-dimensional substrata to integrin-independent motion following entry into the confined three-dimensional matrix of an afflicted tissue. However, whether integrins still maintain a regulatory role for cell traction generation and cell locomotion under the physical confinement of the three-dimensional matrix is unknown, and this is challenging to deduce from motility studies alone. Using three-dimensional traction force microscopy and a double hydrogel sandwich system, we determined the three-dimensional spatiotemporal traction forces of motile neutrophils at unprecedented resolution and show, for the first time, that entry into a highly confined space (2.5D) is a sufficient trigger to convert to integrin-independent migration. We find that integrins exert a significant regulatory role in determining the magnitude and spatial distribution of tractions and cell speed on confined cells. We also find that 90% of neutrophil tractions are in the out-of-plane axis, and this may be a fundamental element of neutrophil traction force generation.
Collapse