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Navarro-Selma B, Clemente A, Nicolás JF, Crespo J, Carratalá A, Lucarelli F, Giardi F, Galindo N, Yubero E. Size segregated ionic species collected in a harbour area. Chemosphere 2022; 294:133693. [PMID: 35063561 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble ions were analysed in size segregated aerosol samples collected in the port of Alicante (Southeastern Spain) during summer and winter using a multistage cascade impactor. Seasonal variations in the size distributions of the analysed components and the influence of bulk materials handling (loading/unloading and stockpiling) at the docks were investigated. The size distributions of SO42-, NH4+ and K+ were characterized by prominent peaks in the condensation and droplet modes, both in summer and winter, while those of Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+ and Cl- had a main peak centred at ∼4 μm. Although oxalate size distributions were similar during both seasons, the fraction of coarse-mode oxalate increased in summer most likely as a result of volatilization and repartition processes or reactions of oxalic acid with coarse alkaline particles. Nitrate size distributions were dominated by a coarse mode; however, during winter, modal peaks in the submicron size range were also observed due to favourable conditions for the formation of fine-mode NH4NO3. Harbour activities had a significant impact only on the concentrations of calcium, particularly in the coarse fraction, during both summer and winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Navarro-Selma
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - A Clemente
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - J F Nicolás
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - J Crespo
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - A Carratalá
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alicante, P. O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - F Lucarelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence and INFN, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - F Giardi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence and INFN, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - N Galindo
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - E Yubero
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
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Chiari M, Barone S, Bombini A, Calzolai G, Carraresi L, Castelli L, Czelusniak C, Fedi ME, Gelli N, Giambi F, Giardi F, Giuntini L, Lagomarsino S, Liccioli L, Lucarelli F, Manetti M, Massi M, Mazzinghi A, Nava S, Ottanelli P, Sciortino S, Ruberto C, Sodi L, Taccetti F, Mandò PA. LABEC, the INFN ion beam laboratory of nuclear techniques for environment and cultural heritage. Eur Phys J Plus 2021; 136:472. [PMID: 33968561 PMCID: PMC8086225 DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The LABEC laboratory, the INFN ion beam laboratory of nuclear techniques for environment and cultural heritage, located in the Scientific and Technological Campus of the University of Florence in Sesto Fiorentino, started its operational activities in 2004, after INFN decided in 2001 to provide our applied nuclear physics group with a large laboratory dedicated to applications of accelerator-related analytical techniques, based on a new 3 MV Tandetron accelerator. The new accelerator greatly improved the performance of existing Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) applications (for which we were using since the 1980s an old single-ended Van de Graaff accelerator) and in addition allowed to start a novel activity of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS), in particular for 14C dating. Switching between IBA and AMS operation became very easy and fast, which allowed us high flexibility in programming the activities, mainly focused on studies of cultural heritage and atmospheric aerosol composition, but including also applications to biology, geology, material science and forensics, ion implantation, tests of radiation damage to components, detector performance tests and low-energy nuclear physics. This paper describes the facilities presently available in the LABEC laboratory, their technical features and some success stories of recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Chiari
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - S. Barone
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - A. Bombini
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G. Calzolai
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - L. Carraresi
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - L. Castelli
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C. Czelusniak
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M. E. Fedi
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - N. Gelli
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F. Giambi
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F. Giardi
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - L. Giuntini
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - S. Lagomarsino
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - L. Liccioli
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F. Lucarelli
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M. Manetti
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M. Massi
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - A. Mazzinghi
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - S. Nava
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P. Ottanelli
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - S. Sciortino
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C. Ruberto
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - L. Sodi
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F. Taccetti
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P. A. Mandò
- INFN Division of Florence and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Canale A, Giardi F, Gandolfo S, Lorenzi V, Corda V, Farneti S, Taddeucci M, Maielli M, Privitera G, Mencaroni S. “Nudge” in Lucca’s Hospital: separate waste collection improvement and cigarettes dumping reduction. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Positive behaviour and user's collaboration improved by using choices orientation techniques; in Lucca's Hospital (North-West Tuscany Sanitary Authority) this approach has improved separate waste collection execution and has decreased cigarettes dumping in commons areas.
Objectives
Phase 1 (May 2019): amendment of choices architecture recyclable waste bins in commons areas and into the wards were boosted, with “islands” clearly visible from any point of common paths; in the transit areas were installed exclusively multi-material and paper bins, equipped with signs that clearly indicate which products deliver; residual waste bins were allowed exclusively in certain points.ashtrays at the hospital entrances were eliminated and replaced with signage indicating smoking cessation benefits and the presence of areas “put your cigarette out” along the structure approach routes.
Phase 2 (scheduled for May 2020): “nudge” action
Spreading in community (using press and social-media) and locally (using poster) of the slogan “In San Luca we are taking a step forward: don't lag behind!”. This message stimulate the perception of an ongoing change to join.
Results
A decrease in residual waste collection and in instances of non-compliance in separate waste collection was detected. Decorum in the outdoor environments improved, with a reduction of user's reports and extra-cleaning interventions.
Conclusions
The described actions have improved user's collaboration, management efficiency of waste disposal and cleaning service, perceived quality and cost.
Key messages
Imitating a social model appears to be successful motivator of virtuous behaviours. Choices architecture and “nudge” techniques may improve citizens’ care pathways governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Canale
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Giardi
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Gandolfo
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - V Lorenzi
- San Luca Hospital Medical Direction, North-West Tuscany Sanitary Authority, Lucca, Italy
| | - V Corda
- San Luca Hospital Medical Direction, North-West Tuscany Sanitary Authority, Lucca, Italy
| | - S Farneti
- San Luca Hospital Medical Direction, North-West Tuscany Sanitary Authority, Lucca, Italy
| | - M Taddeucci
- San Luca Hospital Medical Direction, North-West Tuscany Sanitary Authority, Lucca, Italy
| | - M Maielli
- San Luca Hospital Medical Direction, North-West Tuscany Sanitary Authority, Lucca, Italy
| | - G Privitera
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Mencaroni
- San Luca Hospital Medical Direction, North-West Tuscany Sanitary Authority, Lucca, Italy
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Canale A, Giardi F, Giorgi S, Lopalco P, Tomasi A. Travel Clinics, where we are and where we are going: a national survey in Italy. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In a world where travelling can play a central role among human activities, due to the migratory flows increase and to the facilitation of exchanges between distant countries, the need to ensure healthcare to all travellers becomes a key point among healthcare activities. The aim of the study is to assess Italian Travel Clinics activity, critical issues, requirements and tips for improvement.
Methods
During the period from May to September, the Italian Society of Travel Medicine and Migrations (SIMVIM), performed a national on-line survey addressed to all Italian Travel Clinics.
Results
More than a third of Italian Travel Clinics replied the survey (79 clinics). The results show that on average for each clinic there are 4 healthcare workers (2 physicians, 1 nurse and 1 health worker), about 10 hours/week are dedicated to the clinic, the users are 18 and the Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR) are 17%. In only 25% of cases the clinic is open access and in 80% there is a digital immunization registry. More than 70% of the healthcare workers have the last update in the two-year period of 2017/2018. Major critical issues are shortage of staff, limited opportunities to update, absence of a dedicated software, expensive vaccinations particularly for VFR, reduced visibility of the clinic and difficulties in accessing, Travel Clinics not sufficiently integrated into the National Health System.
Conclusions
Italian Travel Clinics are carring out a good service to ensure healthcare to the greatest number of travellers, but there is extensive room of improvement.
Key messages
We should create a network where Travel Clinics work together with General Practitioners, Pediatricians, other Specialists, Pharmacists, travel agents and above all with stakeholders. In this way Travel Clinics can involve an increasing number of travellers through an active offer of vaccinations and a careful risk assessment based on professional skills and expert knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Canale
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Giardi
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - P Lopalco
- Department of Translational Research and NTMS, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Tomasi
- Italian Society of Travel Medicine and Migrations, SIMVIM, Lucca, Italy
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Caiazzo L, Baccolo G, Barbante C, Becagli S, Bertò M, Ciardini V, Crotti I, Delmonte B, Dreossi G, Frezzotti M, Gabrieli J, Giardi F, Han Y, Hong SB, Hur SD, Hwang H, Kang JH, Narcisi B, Proposito M, Scarchilli C, Selmo E, Severi M, Spolaor A, Stenni B, Traversi R, Udisti R. Prominent features in isotopic, chemical and dust stratigraphies from coastal East Antarctic ice sheet (Eastern Wilkes Land). Chemosphere 2017; 176:273-287. [PMID: 28273535 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work we present the isotopic, chemical and dust stratigraphies of two snow pits sampled in 2013/14 at GV7 (coastal East Antarctica: 70°41' S - 158°51' E, 1950 m a.s.l.). A large number of chemical species are measured aiming to study their potentiality as environmental changes markers. Seasonal cluster backward trajectories analysis was performed and compared with chemical marker stratigraphies. Sea spray aerosol is delivered to the sampling site together with snow precipitation especially in autumn-winter by air masses arising from Western Pacific Ocean sector. Dust show maximum concentration in spring when the air masses arising from Ross Sea sector mobilize mineral dust from ice-free areas of the Transantarctic mountains. The clear seasonal pattern of sulfur oxidized compounds allows the dating of the snow-pit and the calculation of the mean accumulation rate, which is 242 ± 71 mm w.e. for the period 2008-2013. Methanesulfonic acid and NO3- do not show any concentration decreasing trend as depth increases, also considering a 12 m firn core record. Therefore these two compounds are not affected by post-depositional processes at this site and can be considered reliable markers for past environmental changes reconstruction. The rBC snow-pit record shows the highest values in summer 2012 likely related to large biomass burning even occurred in Australia in this summer. The undisturbed accumulation rate for this site is demonstrated by the agreement between the chemical stratigraphies and the annual accumulation rate of the two snow-pits analysed in Italian and Korean laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Caiazzo
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto F.no (Florence), Italy
| | - G Baccolo
- DISAT-University Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; University of Siena, Earth Science Department, Via Laterino, 8, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - C Barbante
- Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy; DAIS, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - S Becagli
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto F.no (Florence), Italy.
| | - M Bertò
- DAIS, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - V Ciardini
- Laboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses, ENEA - C.R. Casaccia, I-00123 Rome, Italy
| | - I Crotti
- DISAT-University Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - B Delmonte
- DISAT-University Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - G Dreossi
- DAIS, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - M Frezzotti
- Laboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses, ENEA - C.R. Casaccia, I-00123 Rome, Italy
| | - J Gabrieli
- DAIS, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - F Giardi
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto F.no (Florence), Italy
| | - Y Han
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirearo, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Hong
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirearo, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Hur
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirearo, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - H Hwang
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirearo, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Kang
- Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirearo, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - B Narcisi
- Laboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses, ENEA - C.R. Casaccia, I-00123 Rome, Italy
| | - M Proposito
- Laboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses, ENEA - C.R. Casaccia, I-00123 Rome, Italy
| | - C Scarchilli
- Laboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses, ENEA - C.R. Casaccia, I-00123 Rome, Italy
| | - E Selmo
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/A, Parma, Italy
| | - M Severi
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto F.no (Florence), Italy
| | - A Spolaor
- Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes-CNR, Via Torino, 155, 30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy; DAIS, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - B Stenni
- DAIS, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, 155, Venice-Mestre, Italy
| | - R Traversi
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto F.no (Florence), Italy
| | - R Udisti
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019 Sesto F.no (Florence), Italy; ISAC CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
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Severi M, Becagli S, Caiazzo L, Ciardini V, Colizza E, Giardi F, Mezgec K, Scarchilli C, Stenni B, Thomas ER, Traversi R, Udisti R. Sea salt sodium record from Talos Dome (East Antarctica) as a potential proxy of the Antarctic past sea ice extent. Chemosphere 2017; 177:266-274. [PMID: 28314231 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antarctic sea ice has shown an increasing trend in recent decades, but with strong regional differences from one sector to another of the Southern Ocean. The Ross Sea and the Indian sectors have seen an increase in sea ice during the satellite era (1979 onwards). Here we present a record of ssNa+ flux in the Talos Dome region during a 25-year period spanning from 1979 to 2003, showing that this marker could be used as a potential proxy for reconstructing the sea ice extent in the Ross Sea and Western Pacific Ocean at least for recent decades. After finding a positive relationship between the maxima in sea ice extent for a 25-year period, we used this relationship in the TALDICE record in order to reconstruct the sea ice conditions over the 20th century. Our tentative reconstruction highlighted a decline in the sea ice extent (SIE) starting in the 1950s and pointed out a higher variability of SIE starting from the 1960s and that the largest sea ice extents of the last century occurred during the 1990s.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Severi
- University of Florence, Chemistry Dept. "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - S Becagli
- University of Florence, Chemistry Dept. "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - L Caiazzo
- University of Florence, Chemistry Dept. "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - V Ciardini
- Laboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - E Colizza
- Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - F Giardi
- University of Florence, Chemistry Dept. "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - K Mezgec
- Department of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - C Scarchilli
- Laboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| | - B Stenni
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, "Ca' Foscari" University of Venice, Italy
| | | | - R Traversi
- University of Florence, Chemistry Dept. "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - R Udisti
- University of Florence, Chemistry Dept. "Ugo Schiff", Via della Lastruccia, 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; ISAC CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
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7
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Traversi R, Becagli S, Brogioni M, Caiazzo L, Ciardini V, Giardi F, Legrand M, Macelloni G, Petkov B, Preunkert S, Scarchilli C, Severi M, Vitale V, Udisti R. Multi-year record of atmospheric and snow surface nitrate in the central Antarctic plateau. Chemosphere 2017; 172:341-354. [PMID: 28088024 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Continuous all year-round samplings of atmospheric aerosol and surface snow at high (daily to 4-day) resolution were carried out at Dome C since 2004-05 to 2013 and nitrate records are here presented. Basing on a larger statistical data set than previous studies, results confirm that nitrate seasonal pattern is characterized by maxima during austral summer for both aerosol and surface snow, occurring in-phase with solar UV irradiance. This temporal pattern is likely due to a combination of nitrate sources and post-depositional processes whose intensity usually enhances during the summer. Moreover, it should be noted that a case study of the synoptic conditions, which took place during a major nitrate event, showed the occurrence of a stratosphere-troposphere exchange. The sampling of both matrices at the same time with high resolution allowed the detection of a an about one-month long recurring lag of summer maxima in snow with respect to aerosol. This result can be explained by deposition and post-deposition processes occurring at the atmosphere-snow interface, such as a net uptake of gaseous nitric acid and a replenishment of the uppermost surface layers driven by a larger temperature gradient in summer. This hypothesis was preliminarily tested by a comparison with surface layers temperature data in the 2012-13 period. The analysis of the relationship between the nitrate concentration in the gas phase and total nitrate obtained at Dome C (2012-13) showed the major role of gaseous HNO3 to the total nitrate budget suggesting the need to further investigate the gas-to-particle conversion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Traversi
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - S Becagli
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | | | - L Caiazzo
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - V Ciardini
- ENEA, Laboratory for Observations and Analyses of the earth and Climate (SSPT-PROTER-OAC), Rome
| | - F Giardi
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - M Legrand
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE), Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - S Preunkert
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE), Grenoble, France
| | - C Scarchilli
- ENEA, Laboratory for Observations and Analyses of the earth and Climate (SSPT-PROTER-OAC), Rome
| | - M Severi
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | | | - R Udisti
- Dept. of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy; ISAC-CNR, Bologna, Italy
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