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Duca M, Malagolini N, Dall’Olio F. The Mutual Relationship between Glycosylation and Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer and Other Physio-Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415804. [PMID: 36555445 PMCID: PMC9781064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation, which consists of the enzymatic addition of sugars to proteins and lipids, is one of the most important post-co-synthetic modifications of these molecules, profoundly affecting their activity. Although the presence of carbohydrate chains is crucial for fine-tuning the interactions between cells and molecules, glycosylation is an intrinsically stochastic process regulated by the relative abundance of biosynthetic (glycosyltransferases) and catabolic (glycosidases) enzymes, as well as sugar carriers and other molecules. Non-coding RNAs, which include microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circRNAs, establish a complex network of reciprocally interacting molecules whose final goal is the regulation of mRNA expression. Likewise, these interactions are stochastically regulated by ncRNA abundance. Thus, while protein sequence is deterministically dictated by the DNA/RNA/protein axis, protein abundance and activity are regulated by two stochastic processes acting, respectively, before and after the biosynthesis of the protein axis. Consequently, the worlds of glycosylation and ncRNA are closely interconnected and mutually interacting. In this paper, we will extensively review the many faces of the ncRNA-glycosylation interplay in cancer and other physio-pathological conditions.
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Deschepper FM, Zoppi R, Pirro M, Hensbergen PJ, Dall’Olio F, Kotsias M, Gardner RA, Spencer DI, Videira PA. L1CAM as an E-selectin Ligand in Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218286. [PMID: 33167483 PMCID: PMC7672641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of death among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. E-selectin and its carbohydrate ligands, including sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) antigen, are key players in the binding of circulating tumor cells to the endothelium, which is one of the major events leading to organ invasion. Nevertheless, the identity of the glycoprotein scaffolds presenting these glycans in CRC remains unclear. In this study, we firstly have characterized the glycoengineered cell line SW620 transfected with the fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6) coding for the α1,3-fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), which is the main enzyme responsible for the synthesis of sLeX in CRC. The SW620FUT6 cell line expressed high levels of sLeX antigen and E-selectin ligands. Moreover, it displayed increased migration ability. E-selectin ligand glycoproteins were isolated from the SW620FUT6 cell line, identified by mass spectrometry, and validated by flow cytometry and Western blot (WB). The most prominent E-selectin ligand we identified was the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM). Previous studies have shown association of L1CAM with metastasis in cancer, thus the novel role as E-selectin counter-receptor contributes to understand the molecular mechanism involving L1CAM in metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny M. Deschepper
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (F.M.D.); (R.Z.)
| | - Roberta Zoppi
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (F.M.D.); (R.Z.)
| | - Martina Pirro
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.P.); (P.J.H.)
| | - Paul J. Hensbergen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.P.); (P.J.H.)
| | - Fabio Dall’Olio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Maximillianos Kotsias
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3EB, UK; (M.K.); (R.A.G.); (D.I.R.S.)
| | - Richard A. Gardner
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3EB, UK; (M.K.); (R.A.G.); (D.I.R.S.)
| | - Daniel I.R. Spencer
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3EB, UK; (M.K.); (R.A.G.); (D.I.R.S.)
| | - Paula A. Videira
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (F.M.D.); (R.Z.)
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Pucci M, Gomes Ferreira I, Malagolini N, Ferracin M, Dall’Olio F. The Sd a Synthase B4GALNT2 Reduces Malignancy and Stemness in Colon Cancer Cell Lines Independently of Sialyl Lewis X Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186558. [PMID: 32911675 PMCID: PMC7555213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The Sda antigen and its biosynthetic enzyme B4GALNT2 are highly expressed in healthy colon but undergo a variable down-regulation in colon cancer. The biosynthesis of the malignancy-associated sialyl Lewis x (sLex) antigen in normal and cancerous colon is mediated by fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6) and is mutually exclusive from that of Sda. It is thought that the reduced malignancy associated with high B4GALNT2 was due to sLex inhibition. Methods: We transfected the cell lines SW480 and SW620, derived respectively from a primary tumor and a metastasis of the same patient, with the cDNAs of FUT6 or B4GALNT2, generating cell variants expressing either the sLex or the Sda antigens. Transfectants were analyzed for growth in poor adherence, wound healing, stemness and gene expression profile. Results: B4GALNT2/Sda expression down-regulated all malignancy-associated phenotypes in SW620 but only those associated with stemness in SW480. FUT6/sLex enhanced some malignancy-associated phenotypes in SW620, but had little effect in SW480. The impact on the transcriptome was stronger for FUT6 than for B4GALNT2 and only partially overlapping between SW480 and SW620. Conclusions: B4GALNT2/Sda inhibits the stemness-associated malignant phenotype, independently of sLex inhibition. The impact of glycosyltransferases on the phenotype and the transcriptome is highly cell-line specific.
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Pucci M, Gomes Ferreira I, Orlandani M, Malagolini N, Ferracin M, Dall’Olio F. High Expression of the Sd a Synthase B4GALNT2 Associates with Good Prognosis and Attenuates Stemness in Colon Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040948. [PMID: 32290493 PMCID: PMC7226961 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carbohydrate antigen Sda and its biosynthetic enzyme B4GALNT2 are highly expressed in normal colonic mucosa but are down-regulated to a variable degree in colon cancer tissues. Here, we investigated the clinical and biological importance of B4GALNT2 in colon cancer. METHODS Correlations of B4GALNT2 mRNA with clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database; the phenotypic and transcriptomic changes induced by B4GALNT2 were studied in LS174T cells transfected with B4GALNT2 cDNA. RESULTS TCGA data indicate that patients with high B4GALNT2 expression in cancer tissues display longer survival than non-expressers. In LS174T cells, expression of B4GALNT2 did not affect the ability to heal a scratch wound or to form colonies in standard growth conditions but markedly reduced the growth in soft agar, the tridimensional (3D) growth as spheroids, and the number of cancer stem cells, indicating a specific effect of B4GALNT2 on the growth in poor adherence and stemness. On the transcriptome, B4GALNT2 induced the down-regulation of the stemness-associated gene SOX2 and modulated gene expression towards an attenuation of the cancer phenotype. CONCLUSIONS The level of B4GALNT2 can be proposed as a marker to identify higher- and lower-risk colorectal cancer patients.
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Dall’Olio F, Vanhooren V, Chen CC, Slagboom PE, Wuhrer M, Franceschi C. N-glycomic biomarkers of biological aging and longevity: a link with inflammaging. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12:685-98. [PMID: 22353383 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a frequent co/post-translational modification of proteins which modulates a variety of biological functions. The analysis of N-glycome, i.e. the sugar chains N-linked to asparagine, identified new candidate biomarkers of aging such as N-glycans devoid of galactose residues on their branches, in a variety of human and experimental model systems, such as healthy old people, centenarians and their offspring and caloric restricted mice. These agalactosylated biantennary structures mainly decorate Asn297 of Fc portion of IgG (IgG-G0), and are present also in patients affected by progeroid syndromes and a variety of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. IgG-G0 exert a pro-inflammatory effect through different mechanisms, including the lectin pathway of complement, binding to Fcγ receptors and formation of autoantibody aggregates. The age-related accumulation of IgG-G0 can contribute to inflammaging, the low-grade pro-inflammatory status that characterizes elderly, by creating a vicious loop in which inflammation is responsible for the production of aberrantly glycosylated IgG which, in turn, would activate the immune system, exacerbating inflammation. Moreover, recent data suggest that the N-glycomic shift observed in aging could be related not only to inflammation but also to alteration of important metabolic pathways. Thus, altered N-glycans are both powerful markers of aging and possible contributors to its pathogenesis.
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Caretti A, Sirchia SM, Tabano S, Zulueta A, Dall’Olio F, Trinchera M. DNA methylation and histone modifications modulate the β1,3 galactosyltransferase β3Gal-T5 native promoter in cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Severino PF, Carrascal MA, Gouveia H, Cabral MG, Correia M, Malagolini N, Chiricolo M, Dall’Olio F, Videira PA. Contribution of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens to bladder cancer malignancy: Characterization of cell line models. BMC Proc 2010. [DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-4-s2-p48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Severino PF, Carrascal MA, Gouveia H, Cabral MG, Correia M, Malagolini N, Chiricolo M, Dall’Olio F, Videira PA. Contribution of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens to bladder cancer malignancy: Characterization of cell line models. BMC Proc 2010. [PMCID: PMC3255046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo F Severino
- CEDOC, Departamento de Imunologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal ,Departimento di Patologia Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mylène A Carrascal
- CEDOC, Departamento de Imunologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Helena Gouveia
- CEDOC, Departamento de Imunologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Guadalupe Cabral
- CEDOC, Departamento de Imunologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Manuela Correia
- CEDOC, Departamento de Imunologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nadia Malagolini
- Departimento di Patologia Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariella Chiricolo
- Departimento di Patologia Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Dall’Olio
- Departimento di Patologia Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paula A Videira
- CEDOC, Departamento de Imunologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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