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Araujo-Silva CA, Vögerl K, Breu F, Jung M, Costa ALO, De Souza W, Bracher F, Martins-Duarte ES, Vommaro RC. Potent hydroxamate-derived compounds arrest endodyogeny of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. Exp Parasitol 2024; 259:108727. [PMID: 38431113 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis that is a worldwide health problem, commonly affecting fetal development and immunodeficient patients. Treatment is carried out with a combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, which can cause cytopenia and intolerance and does not lead to a parasitological cure of the infection. Lysine deacetylases (KDACs), which remove an acetyl group from lysine residues in histone and non-histone proteins are found in the Toxoplasma gondii genome. Previous work showed the hydroxamate-type KDAC inhibitors Tubastatin A (TST) and Vorinostat (Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid, SAHA) were effective against T. gondii. In the present study, the effects of three hydroxamates (KV-24, KV-30, KV-46), which were originally designed to inhibit human KDAC6, showed different effects against T. gondii. These compounds contain a heterocyclic cap group and a benzyl linker bearing the hydroxamic acid group in para-position. All compounds showed selective activity against T. gondii proliferation, inhibiting tachyzoite proliferation with IC50 values in a nanomolar range after 48h treatment. Microscopy analyses showed that after treatment, tachyzoites presented mislocalization of the apicoplast, disorganization of the inner membrane complex, and arrest in the completion of new daughter cells. The number of dividing cells with incomplete endodyogeny increased significantly after treatment, indicating the compounds can interfere in the late steps of cell division. The results obtained in this work that these new hydroxamates should be considered for future in vivo tests and the development of new compounds for treating toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlla Assis Araujo-Silva
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Pesquisa em medicina de Precisão, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-904, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Katharina Vögerl
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Breu
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreia Luiza Oliveira Costa
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia de Protozoários Egler Chiari, Departamento de Parasitologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6.627 -Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Wanderley De Souza
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Pesquisa em medicina de Precisão, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-904, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Erica S Martins-Duarte
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia de Protozoários Egler Chiari, Departamento de Parasitologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6.627 -Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Rossiane C Vommaro
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Pesquisa em medicina de Precisão, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-904, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagens, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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