Fungal Planet description sheets: 785-867

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Angola, Gnomoniopsis angolensis and Pseudopithomyces angolensis on unknown host plants. Australia, Dothiora corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti (incl. Neoeucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Fumagopsis stellae on Eucalyptus sp., Fusculina eucalyptorum (incl. Fusculinaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus socialis, Harknessia corymbiicola on Corymbia maculata, Neocelosporium eucalypti (incl. Neocelosporium gen. nov., Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov. and Neocelosporiales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Neophaeomoniella corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus pilularis, Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola on Corymbia citriodora, Teratosphaeria gracilis on Eucalyptus gracilis, Zasmidium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Brazil, Calonectria hemileiae on pustules of Hemileia vastatrix formed on leaves of Coffea arabica, Calvatia caatinguensis on soil, Cercospora solani-betacei on Solanum betaceum, Clathrus natalensis on soil, Diaporthe poincianellae on Poincianella pyramidalis, Geastrum piquiriunense on soil, Geosmithia carolliae on wing of Carollia perspicillata, Henningsia resupinata on wood, Penicillium guaibinense from soil, Periconia caespitosa from leaf litter, Pseudocercospora styracina on Styrax sp., Simplicillium filiforme as endophyte from Citrullus lanatus, Thozetella pindobacuensis on leaf litter, Xenosonderhenia coussapoae on Coussapoa floccosa. Canary Islands (Spain), Orbilia amarilla on Euphorbia canariensis. Cape Verde Islands, Xylodon jacobaeus on Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Chile, Colletotrichum arboricola on Fuchsia magellanica. Costa Rica, Lasiosphaeria miniovina on tree branch. Ecuador, Ganoderma chocoense on tree trunk. France, Neofitzroyomyces nerii (incl. Neofitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Nerium oleander. Ghana, Castanediella tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Falcocladium africanum on Eucalyptus brassiana, Rachicladosporium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Hungary, Entoloma silvae-frondosae in Carpinus betulus-Pinus sylvestris mixed forest. Iran, Pseudopyricularia persiana on Cyperus sp. Italy, Inocybe roseascens on soil in mixed forest. Laos, Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis on Coleoptera larva. Malaysia, Monilochaetes melastomae on Melastoma sp. Mexico, Absidia terrestris from soil. Netherlands, Acaulium pannemaniae, Conioscypha boutwelliae, Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae, Gibellulopsis simonii, Lasionectria hilhorstii, Lectera nordwiniana, Leptodiscella rintelii, Parasarocladium debruynii and Sarocladium dejongiae (incl. Sarocladiaceae fam. nov.) from soil. New Zealand, Gnomoniopsis rosae on Rosa sp. and Neodevriesia metrosideri on Metrosideros sp. Puerto Rico, Neodevriesia coccolobae on Coccoloba uvifera, Neodevriesia tabebuiae and Alfaria tabebuiae on Tabebuia chrysantha. Russia, Amanita paludosa on bogged soil in mixed deciduous forest, Entoloma tiliae in forest of Tilia × europaea, Kwoniella endophytica on Pyrus communis. South Africa, Coniella diospyri on Diospyros mespiliformis, Neomelanconiella combreti (incl. Neomelanconiellaceae fam. nov. and Neomelanconiella gen. nov.) on Combretum sp., Polyphialoseptoria natalensis on unidentified plant host, Pseudorobillarda bolusanthi on Bolusanthus speciosus, Thelonectria pelargonii on Pelargonium sp. Spain, Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum and Anungitopsis lauri on Laurus novocanariensis, Geosmithia xerotolerans from a darkened wall of a house, Pseudopenidiella gallaica on leaf litter. Thailand, Corynespora thailandica on wood, Lareunionomyces loeiensis on leaf litter, Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae (incl. Neocochlearomyces gen. nov.) on Chromolaena odorata, Neomyrmecridium septatum (incl. Neomyrmecridium gen. nov.), Pararamichloridium caricicola on Carex sp., Xenodactylaria thailandica (incl. Xenodactylariaceae fam. nov. and Xenodactylaria gen. nov.), Neomyrmecridium asiaticum and Cymostachys thailandica from unidentified vine. USA, Carolinigaster bonitoi (incl. Carolinigaster gen. nov.) from soil, Penicillium fortuitum from house dust, Phaeotheca shathenatiana (incl. Phaeothecaceae fam. nov.) from twig and cone litter, Pythium wohlseniorum from stream water, Superstratomyces tardicrescens from human eye, Talaromyces iowaense from office air. Vietnam, Fistulinella olivaceoalba on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.

Effect of dietary soybean or sunflower seeds on milk production, milk fatty acid profile and yield of conjugated linoleic acid

Eight cows in mid-lactation were used to determine the effects of feeding diets containing soybeans (SBS) or sunflower seed (SFS) on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) yield and concentration in milk during two 3-wk periods. All cows were fed a standard pre-trial diet for 2 wk, before assignment to treatment diets in both periods of the 2 × 2 cross-over design used in the study. The two treatment diets contained on a dry matter (DM) basis: (1) SBS: 20% barley silage, 34.7% barley grain, 30% alfalfa cube, 13% crushed soybean seed and 0.36% sunflower oil, and (2) SFS: 17% barley silage, 34.6% barley grain, 40% sunflower seed incorporated into alfalfa cubes (cubes comprised 18% whole sunflower seed and 82% alfalfa hay), and 6.5% heat-treated soybean meal. The ingredients in the two diets were adjusted so that they would provide similar levels of energy (1.5 MCal kg-1) and have similar nutrient composition with regard to protein (16.7%), ether extract (5.2%) and fibre components (41%). Milk samples were collected, on 2 d prior to initiation of treatment diets and on days 6, 7, 13, 1 4, 20 and 21 of each experimental period. Cholecystokinin and insulin concentrations in blood samples collected at the start and end of each experimental period indicated no significant differences. Dry matter and net energy intake of cows fed the SBS and SFS were 23.3 and 21.4 ± 0.9 kg d-1; 34.4 and 31.6 ± 1.4 Mcal d-1, respectively, and in vitro volatile fatty acid concentration after 24 h of incubation was 123.3 and 114.7 ± 1.3 mM, respectively, and lower (P < 0.05) for the SFS diet. Milk, milk fat, protein and lactose yields from cows fed the SBS and SFS diets were similar (32.9 and 32.0 ± 2.4; 1.10 and 0.97 ± 0.07; 1.05 and 1.00 ± 0.05; 1.46 and 1.39 ± 0.12, respectively), but the CLA cis-9, trans-11 concentrations in the milk from cows fed the SBS and SFS diets were 4.05 and 7.28 mg g-1 of lipid and resulted in 66% higher (P < 0.01) CLA yield (g d-1) in milk for cows fed the SFS diet. This study confirmed that feeding sunflower seeds as a component of a hay cube increased CLA yield in the milk of dairy cows without affecting yields of other milk components. Key words: Dairy cows, sunflower, soybeans, milk production, conjugated linoleic acid