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Orfanidis S, Kosarli M, Karagianni M, Paipetis AS, Papavassiliou G, Fardis M. Structural integrity and healing efficiency study of micro-capsule based composite materials via 1H NMR relaxometry. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12189. [PMID: 37500804 PMCID: PMC10374639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39302-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work we present a novel approach utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry to assess the structural stability of microcapsules employed as self-healing agents in advanced aerospace composites both in ambient and harsh environmental conditions. We successfully correlate the amount of the encapsulated self-healing agent with the signal intensity and confirm non-destructively the quantity of the encapsulated self-healing agent mass for the first time in the literature using 1H NMR spin-spin relaxation techniques on urea-formaldehyde (UF) microcapsules of different diameters containing an epoxy healing agent. The amount of self-healing agent is shown to increase by reducing the capsule diameter; however, the reduced shell mass renders the capsules more fragile and prone to failure. Most notably, via NMR experiments conducted during thermal cycling simulating flight conditions, we demonstrate that the microcapsule integrity under thermal fatigue varies according to their size. Especially we experimentally verify that the microcapsules with the most sensitive shells are the 147 nm and 133 nm diameter microcapsules, which are the most commonly used in self-healing systems. Finally, we were able to retrieve the same results using a portable NMR spectrometer developed in-house for in situ microcapsule testing, thus demonstrating the potential of NMR relaxometry as a powerful non-destructive evaluation tool for the microcapsule production line.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Orfanidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - M Kosarli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - M Karagianni
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - A S Paipetis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - G Papavassiliou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - M Fardis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece.
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2
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Gkoura L, Diamantopoulos G, Fardis M, Homouz D, Alhassan S, Beazi-Katsioti M, Karagianni M, Anastasiou A, Romanos G, Hassan J, Papavassiliou G. The peculiar size and temperature dependence of water diffusion in carbon nanotubes studied with 2D NMR diffusion-relaxation D - T 2eff spectroscopy. Biomicrofluidics 2020; 14:034114. [PMID: 32595817 PMCID: PMC7305942 DOI: 10.1063/5.0005398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that water inside hydrophobic nano-channels diffuses faster than bulk water. Recent theoretical studies have shown that this enhancement depends on the size of the hydrophobic nanochannels. However, experimental evidence of this dependence is lacking. Here, by combining two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion-relaxation ( D - T 2 e f f ) spectroscopy in the stray field of a superconducting magnet and molecular dynamics simulations, we analyze the size dependence of water dynamics inside Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) of different diameters ( 1.1 - 6.0 nm), in the temperature range of 265 - 305 K. Depending on the CNT diameter, the nanotube water is shown to resolve in two or more tubular components acquiring different self-diffusion coefficients. Most notably, a favorable CNT diameter range ( 3.0 - 4.5 nm) is experimentally verified for the first time, in which water molecule dynamics at the center of the CNTs exhibits distinctly non-Arrhenius behavior, characterized by ultrafast diffusion and extraordinary fragility, a result of significant importance in the efforts to understand water behavior in hydrophobic nanochannels.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Gkoura
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | | | - M. Fardis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | | | - S. Alhassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - M. Beazi-Katsioti
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - M. Karagianni
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - A. Anastasiou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - G. Romanos
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - J. Hassan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - G. Papavassiliou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
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3
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Milia F, Papavassiliou G, Anagnostopoulos A. NQR Study of the Pinning and Depinning of the Incommensurate Modulation Wave in the Presence of Impurities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1992-1-240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
High temperature-resolution NQR measurements in an ultra pure Rb2ZnCl4 crystal and a mixed [Rb1-x(NH4)x]2ZnCl4 crystal with a controlled amount of impurities (x = 0.01) verify the existence of a temperature region where the characteristic incommensurate line splitting is averaged out. The results show that for the system with high purity the averaging of the incommensurate splitting is due to large thermal fluctuations. In contrast, for the mixed crystal the added impurities seem to play the predominant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Milia
- National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Attiki, 153 10 Attiki, Greece
| | - G. Papavassiliou
- National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Attiki, 153 10 Attiki, Greece
| | - A. Anagnostopoulos
- National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Ag. Paraskevi, Attiki, 153 10 Attiki, Greece
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4
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Fardis M, Douvalis AP, Tsitrouli D, Rabias I, Stamopoulos D, Kehagias T, Karakosta E, Diamantopoulos G, Bakas T, Papavassiliou G. Structural, static and dynamic magnetic properties of dextran coated γ-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles studied by (57)Fe NMR, Mössbauer, TEM and magnetization measurements. J Phys Condens Matter 2012; 24:156001. [PMID: 22418594 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/15/156001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The structural and magnetic properties and spin dynamics of dextran coated and uncoated γ-Fe(2)O(3) (maghemite) nanoparticles have been investigated using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), (57)Fe nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Mössbauer spectroscopy and dc magnetization measurements. The HRTEM observations indicated a well-crystallized system of ellipsoid-shaped nanoparticles, with an average size of 10 nm. The combined Mössbauer and magnetic study suggested the existence of significant interparticle interactions not only in the uncoated but also in the dextran coated nanoparticle assemblies. The zero-field NMR spectra of the nanoparticles at low temperatures are very similar to those of the bulk material, indicating the same hyperfine field values at saturation in accord with the performed Mössbauer measurements. The T(2) NMR spin-spin relaxation time of the nanoparticles has also been measured as a function of temperature and found to be two orders of magnitude shorter than that of the bulk material. It is shown that the thermal fluctuations in the longitudinal magnetization of the nanoparticles in the low temperature limit may account for the shortening and the temperature dependence of the T(2) relaxation time. Thus, the low temperature NMR results are in accord with the mechanism of collective magnetic excitations, due to the precession of the magnetization around the easy direction of the magnetization at an energy minimum, a mechanism originally proposed to interpret Mössbauer experiments in magnetic nanoparticles. The effect of the surface spins on the NMR relaxation mechanisms is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fardis
- Institute of Materials Science, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, 153 10 Athens, Greece.
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5
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Koumoulis D, Panopoulos N, Reyes A, Fardis M, Pissas M, Douvalis A, Bakas T, Argyriou DN, Papavassiliou G. Direct NMR evidence of phase solitons in the spin ground state of overdoped manganites. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:077204. [PMID: 20366913 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.077204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Charge ordering phenomena in overdoped La1-xCaxMnO3 (LCMO) manganites with x>or=0.5 are generally believed to be associated with the formation of charge stripes composed of alternating Mn3+ and Mn4+ charges. However, a number of recent experiments indicate that instead of stripes the charge in these systems is spatially organized in a uniform charge density wave. At the same time theory predicts that the ground state is modulated by an incommensurate (IC) orbital and charge soliton lattice. Here, by using nuclear magnetic resonance we provide the first direct evidence that the spin ground state in overdoped LCMO manganites is IC modulated with phase solitons. At higher temperatures the solitonic superstructure is replaced by a uniform spin-density wave, subjected to coherent slow fluctuations, showing a striking similarity with slow fluctuations in the striped phase of high T{c} cuprates and nickelates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Koumoulis
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR, Demokritos, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
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Papaefthymiou GC, Rabias I, Fardis M, Devlin E, Boukos N, Tsitrouli D, Papavassiliou G. Gummic acid stabilized γ-Fe2O3 aqueous suspensions for biomedical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10751-009-9922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Rabias I, Pratsinis H, Drossopoulou G, Fardis M, Maris T, Boukos N, Tsotakos N, Kletsas D, Tsilibary E, Papavassiliou G. In vitro studies on ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with gummic acid for T2 MRI contrast agent. Biomicrofluidics 2007; 1:44104. [PMID: 19693403 PMCID: PMC2717733 DOI: 10.1063/1.2821757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with gummic acid have been investigated as possible constituents of aqueous ferrofluids for biomedical applications and especially for MRI contrast agent. The structural characteristics and the size of the nanoparticles have been analyzed as well as the magnetic properties. In order to evaluate any possible capabilities as a contrast agent, the relaxation time, T2, of hydrogen protons in the colloidal solutions of nanoparticles have been measured in order to gain information on the relaxation behavior compared to other MRI contrast agents. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the obtained magnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide coated with gummic acid was investigated by two separate methods (MTT and FACS analysis) and by using three different normal and transformed cell lines. Our results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles had no toxic effect on any of the cell lines used.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rabias
- Institute of Materials Science, National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
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Papavassiliou G, Pissas M, Diamantopoulos G, Belesi M, Fardis M, Stamopoulos D, Kontos AG, Hennion M, Dolinsek J, Ansermet JP, Dimitropoulos C. Low temperature charge and orbital textures in La0.875Sr0.125MnO3. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:097201. [PMID: 16606306 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.097201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
By using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques we show that for T<30 K the La0.875Sr0.125MnO3 compound displays a nonuniform charge distribution, comprised of two interconnected Mn ion subsystems with different spin, orbital, and charge couplings. The NMR results agree very well with the two spin wave stiffness constants observed at small q values in the spin wave dispersion curves [Phys. Rev. B 67, 214430 (2003)]. This picture is probably related to a yet undetermined charge and orbital superstructure occurring in the ferromagnetic insulating state of the La0.875Sr0.125MnO3 compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Papavassiliou
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR, Demokritos, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
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9
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Kontos AG, Fardis M, Prodromidis MI, Stergiopoulos T, Chatzivasiloglou E, Papavassiliou G, Falaras P. Morphology, ionic diffusion and applicability of novel polymer gel electrolytes with LiI/I2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:767-76. [PMID: 16482318 DOI: 10.1039/b515113a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel polymer gel electrolytes have been prepared by incorporating LiI-I(2) solutions into a polyethylene oxide matrix supported by a TiO(2) filler. The gel electrolytes, based on either acetonitrile or propylene carbonate solvents are compared with liquid standard ones and are examined by (7)Li solid state nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry and diffusion measurements. In parallel, the triiodide apparent diffusion coefficient has been determined by linear sweep voltammetry. The results are correlated with atomic force microscopic images of the electrolytes and give insight of the dynamic properties of the ions in the constrained polymer medium. Furthermore, the dissociation of the ions is estimated by relating the ionic conductivity to the ionic diffusion. As a prime application, the polymer gel electrolytes were incorporated in dye sensitized solar cells and the measured energy conversion efficiencies were successfully correlated with their morphological, diffusive and conducting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Kontos
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15310 Athens, Greece
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10
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Papavassiliou G, Pissas M, Belesi M, Fardis M, Dolinsek J, Dimitropoulos C, Ansermet JP. Orbital domain state and finite size scaling in ferromagnetic insulating manganites. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:147205. [PMID: 14611553 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.147205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
55Mn and 139La NMR measurements on a high quality single crystal of ferromagnetic (FM) La0.80Ca0.20MnO3 demonstrate the formation of localized Mn(3+,4+) states below 70 K, accompanied by a strong cooling-rate dependent increase of certain FM neutron Bragg peaks. (55,139)(1/T(1)) spin-lattice and (139)(1/T(2)) spin-spin relaxation rates are strongly enhanced on approaching this temperature from below, signaling a genuine phase transition at T(tr) approximately 70 K. The disappearance of the FM metallic signal by applying a weak external magnetic field, the different NMR radio-frequency enhancement of the FM metallic and insulating states, and the observed finite size scaling of T(tr) with Ca (hole) doping, as observed in powder La(1-x)CaxMnO3 samples, are suggestive of freezing into an inhomogeneous FM insulating and orbitally ordered state embodying "metallic" hole-rich walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Papavassiliou
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR, Demokritos, 153 10 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece
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11
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Papavassiliou G, Belesi M, Fardis M, Dimitropoulos C. (139)La NMR investigation of quasistatic orbital ordering in La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO(3). Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:177204. [PMID: 11690307 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.177204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report (139)La nuclear magnetic resonance in ferromagnetic and insulating (FMI) La(1-x)Ca(x)MnO(3), 0.10< or =x< or =0.20, which at low temperatures shows the formation of Mn octants with enhanced Mn-O wave function overlapping and electron-spin alignment. The rapid increase of the relaxation rates and the "wipeout" of the (139)La NMR signal intensity on heating, imply a quasistatic character for the Mn octant cells in the FMI phase, which freeze below a transition temperature T(f).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Papavassiliou
- Institute of Materials Science, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, 153 10 Athens, Greece
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12
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Leventis A, Papavassiliou G, Fardis M, Milia F, Chaniotakis E, Dolinsek J, Apih T. 1H NMR study of the local magnetic field gradients in evoluting porous structures. An application to cement gels. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1311973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Papavassiliou G, Fardis M, Belesi M, Maris TG, Kallias G, Pissas M, Niarchos D, Dimitropoulos C, Dolinsek J. 55Mn NMR investigation of electronic phase separation in La1-xCaxMnO3 for 0.2 < or = x < or = 0.5. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:761-764. [PMID: 11017366 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
55Mn NMR line shape measurements in La1-xCaxMnO3 for 0.20< or =x< or =0.50 provide experimental evidence about the existence of two distinct regions in the T-x magnetic phase diagram, where the homogeneous ferromagnetic (FM) metallic state is separated into FM metallic and FM insulating regions. These results are in agreement with recent theoretical predictions, which reveal a novel electronic phase separation in two FM states, providing orbital ordering and Jahn-Teller phonons are taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Papavassiliou
- Institute of Materials Science, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos," 153 10 Athens, Greece
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Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to determine the pore size distribution of hardened Portland cement pastes. The method is based on the well-known freezing point depression of water when confined inside the pore matrix of a material. It is demonstrated how this technique can be applied in cementitious materials to probe the microstructure of the main hydration product: the cement gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Milia
- Institute of Materials Science, National Centre for Scientific Research, Demokritos, Athens, Greece.
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Papavassiliou G, Leventis A, Milia F, Dolinsek J. Diffusionlike motion of the modulation wave in structurally incommensurate systems: A NQR study. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 74:2387-2390. [PMID: 10057915 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Fardis M, Papavassiliou G, Abulnasr L, Miljkovic L, Rumm R, Milia F, Chaniotakis E, Frangoulis D. Effect of clay minerals on the hydration of cement An NMR study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/1065-7355(94)90032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Papantopoulos G, Papavassiliou G, Milia F, Schmidt VH, Drumheller JE, Pinto NJ, Blinc R, Zalar B. 75As nuclear quadrupole resonance in weakly substitutionally disordered Rb1-x(NH4)xH2AsO4. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 73:276-279. [PMID: 10057129 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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18
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Stefanaki A, Maris T, Gouliamos A, Kalovidouris A, Kordas G, Milia F, Papavassiliou G, Vlahos L, Papavassiliou C. Characterization of pheochromocytomas using quantitati analysis of the parameter T2 of the mass (T2-QMRI). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01709797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Zumer S, Blinc R, Milia F, Papavassiliou G. Spin-lattice relaxation due to sliding of the modulation wave in incommensurate systems with impurities. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 46:2758-2763. [PMID: 10003962 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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20
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Papavassiliou G, Anagnostopoulos A, Milia F, Blinc R, Kotsios S. Discrete lattice effects and the phason gap of incommensurate systems. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 44:7283-7288. [PMID: 9998638 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.7283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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21
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Milia F, Papavassiliou G, Anagnostopoulos A. Thermal depinning of the modulation wave in the presence of random impurities. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1991; 43:11464-11466. [PMID: 9996902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.43.11464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Papavassiliou G, Milia F, Giannakopoulos E. 35Cl spin-spin relaxation time T2 in Rb2ZnCl4 studied by nuclear quadrupole resonance. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 41:6213-6219. [PMID: 9992865 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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23
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Milia F, Papavassiliou G, Giannakopoulos E. 35Cl spin-lattice relaxation and temperature-dependent phason gaps in substitutionally disordered incommensurate systems. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 39:12349-12351. [PMID: 9948090 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.12349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Terzis A, Papavassiliou G, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi A. Structure of the conducting salt of pyrazinoethylenedithiotetrathiafulvalene (PEDTTTF): α-(PEDTTTF)2IBr2, at 98 K. Acta Crystallogr C 1989. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270188011953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Milia F, Papavassiliou G. Goldstone and amplitude modes in incommensurate systems studied by 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1989; 39:4467-4471. [PMID: 9948794 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.39.4467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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