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Blanco-Prieto O, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Tamanini C, Rodriguez-Gil JE, Bucci D. Mitochondrial calcium intake through Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter is essential to modulate tail protein phosphorylation during boar sperm “in vitro” capacitation. Anim Reprod Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Giaretta E, Mislei B, Martínez-Pastor F, Nesci S, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Nerozzi C, Mari G, Tamanini C, Bucci D. Use of specific mitochondrial complex inhibitors to investigate mitochondrial involvement on horse sperm motility and ROS production. Res Vet Sci 2022; 147:12-19. [PMID: 35397468 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Equine spermatozoa highly rely on oxidative phosphorylation for their energy management. The present work aimed to characterize the role of mitochondria on horse sperm motility and ROS production by incubating spermatozoa with specific inhibitors of the different mitochondrial complexes. Equine spermatozoa were incubated 1 h and 3 h at 37 °C with: complex I inhibitor rotenone (5 μM, ROT), complex II inhibitor dimethyl-malonate (10 mM, DMM), complex III inhibitor antimycin A (1.8 μM, ANTI), the uncoupling agent carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazine (5 μM, CCCP), ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin (5 μM, OLIGO), and 2 μL vehicle DMSO (control, CTL). Samples were analyzed for sperm motility and for mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial integrity, mitochondrial O2•- production, and cytoplasmic H2O2. A multivariate analysis was performed on the data. CCCP caused a pronounced MMP reduction at both time points while ROT and ANTI showed the same effect at 3 h. All treatments at 3 h incubation significantly reduced the percentage of sperm with early changes in membrane permeability with active mitochondria. The H2O2 production of live cells was low at 1 h incubation in all treatments; after 3 h a slight decrease in the percentage of low-H2O2 producing cells was recorded. All treatments, except DMM, induced a significant decline in sperm motility and kinematics and modified the pattern of sperm subpopulations. The effect of DMM was evident only after 3 h, increasing the percentage of slow sperm subpopulation. In conclusion, the disruption of mitochondrial integrity induces an increase of mitochondrial ROS production that could be detrimental for cell function and survivior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giaretta
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Via dell'Università 6, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Beatrice Mislei
- INFA-AUB, University of Bologna, Via Gandolfi 16, Cadriano (BO), Italy
| | - Felipe Martínez-Pastor
- INDEGSAL and Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 León, (ES), Italy
| | - Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Chiara Nerozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Gaetano Mari
- INFA-AUB, University of Bologna, Via Gandolfi 16, Cadriano (BO), Italy; Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Carlo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
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Spinaci M, Nerozzi C, Mislei B, Blanco-Prieto O, Mari G, Galeati G, Bucci D. Impact of glyphosate and its formulation Roundup® on stallion spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2022; 179:197-203. [PMID: 34891125 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The growing and widespread use of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) has raised an intense public debate about the impact of environmental contamination on animal and human health, including male fertility. The aim of this study was to deepen the impact of glyphosate (Gly) and GBHs on mammalian sperm investigating the effect of in vitro exposure of stallion spermatozoa to Gly and to its commercial formulation Roundup® (R). Spermatozoa were incubated at 37 °C with different Gly or R concentrations (from 0.5 to 720 μg/mL Gly or R at the same Gly-equivalent concentrations). After 1 h of incubation motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity and ROS production were assessed. Gly, at all the concentrations tested, did not induce any detrimental impact on the sperm quality parameters evaluated. Conversely, R starting from 360 μg/mL (Gly-equivalent dose) significantly (P < 0.05) decreased total and progressive motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity and the percentage of live spermatozoa with intact mitochondria not producing ROS. Our results indicate that the commercial formulation R is more toxic than its active molecule Gly and that the negative impact on stallion sperm motility might be likely due to a detrimental effect mainly at membrane and mitochondrial level and, at least in part, to redox unbalance. Moreover, based on the data obtained, it can be hypothesized a species-specificity in sperm sensitivity to Gly and GBHs as horse spermatozoa were negatively influenced at higher concentrations of R compared to those reported in literature to be toxic for human and swine male germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Chiara Nerozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Mislei
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; National Institute of Artificial Insemination (AUB-INFA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Olga Blanco-Prieto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaetano Mari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; National Institute of Artificial Insemination (AUB-INFA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Ortiz-Rodriguez JM, Nerozzi C, Bucci D, Mislei B, Mari G, Tamanini C, Peña FJ, Spinaci M, Galeati G. The inhibition of spermatic cystine/glutamate antiporter xCT (SLC7A11) influences the ability of cryopreserved stallion sperm to bind to heterologous zonae pellucidae. Theriogenology 2021; 167:24-31. [PMID: 33743505 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sperm are redox-regulated cells, and deregulation of their redox status is considered to affect male fertility and to reduce their fertilizing ability following biotechnological procedures, such as cryopreservation. Cystine (CysS), after incorporation in sperm via SLC7A11 antiporter, has been demonstrated to increase intracellular GSH content, the most important non enzymatic antioxidant. This study was aimed at investigating the role of SLC7A11 antiporter on frozen-thawed stallion sperm ability to respond to in vitro capacitating environment after post-thaw incubation with CysS and/or Sulfasalazine (SS), a specific inhibitor of SLC7A11 antiporter. Viability, motility, immunolocalization of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins and the ability to bind to heterologous zonae pellucidae were evaluated. Thawed sperm from seven stallions (2 ejaculates/stallion) was washed and resuspended in Tyrodes media; each thawed ejaculate was divided in Control (CTR) and 3 samples supplemented with: 0.5 mM Cystine (CysS), 500 μM Sulfasalazine (SS) and 0.5 mM CysS + 500 μM SS (CysS + SS). After 1 h of incubation at 37 °C, samples were washed twice, resuspended in capacitating BWW medium and incubated at 38 °C under 5% CO2. After 30 and 60 min, sperm motility, viability and tyrosine phosphorylated protein immunolocalization, used as capacitation status index, were evaluated. After 30 min of capacitation, 4 × 105 sperm were co-incubated with denuded pig oocytes in capacitation medium for 30 min for the heterologous binding assay. None of the sperm parameters studied (motility, viability and tyrosine phosphorylation) showed any difference respective to control. The number of sperm bound per oocyte (mean ± SEM) tended to increase in CysS group (44.0 ± 12.3) respect CTR (40.8 ± 10.8) while decreased in SS group (32.4 ± 7.8) (p < 0.01). Moreover, CysS + SS group showed a lower binding rate (32.0 ± 10.0) compared to CysS (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that CysS supplementation of thawed stallion sperm can influence their ability to bind to heterologous zona pellucidae as the inhibition of CysS incorporation by SLC7A11 reduced the number of sperm bound per oocyte. This effect does not seem to be ascribed to a modification of sperm motility, membrane integrity and tyrosine phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ortiz-Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - C Nerozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - B Mislei
- National Institute of Artificial Insemination (AUB-INFA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Mari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; National Institute of Artificial Insemination (AUB-INFA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F J Peña
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - M Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - G Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
Glyphosate, formulated as glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) including the best-known formulation Roundup, is the world's most widely used herbicide. During the last years, the growing and widespread use of GBHs has raised a great concern about the impact of environmental contamination on animal and human health including potential effect on reproductive systems. Using an in vitro model of pig oocyte maturation, we examined the biological impact of both glyphosate and Roundup on female gamete evaluating nuclear maturation, cytoplasmic maturation and developmental competence of oocytes, steroidogenic activity of cumulus cells as well as intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH) and ROS of oocytes. Our results indicate that although exposure to glyphosate and Roundup during in vitro maturation does not affect nuclear maturation and embryo cleavage, it does impair oocyte developmental competence in terms of blastocyst rate and cellularity. Moreover, Roundup at the same glyphosate-equivalent concentrations was shown to be more toxic than pure glyphosate, altering steroidogenesis and increasing oocyte ROS levels, thus confirming that Roundup adjuvants enhance glyphosate toxic effects and/or are biologically active in their side-effect and therefore should be considered and tested as active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Chiara Nerozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Car Lo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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Nerozzi C, Recuero S, Galeati G, Bucci D, Spinaci M, Yeste M. Effects of Roundup and its main component, glyphosate, upon mammalian sperm function and survival. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11026. [PMID: 32620848 PMCID: PMC7335210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The wide use of glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) has become a matter of concern due to its potential harmful effects on human health, including men fertility. This study sought to investigate, using the pig as a model, the impact of pure glyphosate and its most known commercial formulation, Roundup, on sperm function and survival. With this purpose, fresh commercial semen doses were incubated with different concentrations (0-360 µg/mL) of glyphosate (GLY; exp. 1) or Roundup, at the equivalent GLY concentration (exp. 2), at 38 °C for 3 h. Glyphosate at 360 µg/mL significantly (P < 0.05) decreased sperm motility, viability, mitochondrial activity and acrosome integrity but had no detrimental effect at lower doses. On the other hand, Roundup did significantly (P < 0.05) reduce sperm motility at ≥ 5 µg/mL GLY-equivalent concentration; mitochondrial activity at ≥ 25 µg/mL GLY-equivalent concentration; and sperm viability and acrosome integrity at ≥ 100 µg/mL GLY-equivalent concentration as early as 1 h of incubation. In a similar fashion, GLY and Roundup did not inflict any detrimental effect on sperm DNA integrity. Taken together, these data indicate that, while both glyphosate and Roundup exert a negative impact on male gametes, Roundup is more toxic than its main component, glyphosate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Nerozzi
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Campany, 69, Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandra Recuero
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Campany, 69, Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Campany, 69, Campus Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain.
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Bucci D, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Tamanini C. Different approaches for assessing sperm function. Anim Reprod 2020; 16:72-80. [PMID: 33299480 PMCID: PMC7720929 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches can be used to assess sperm function in different conditions, i.e. sperm storage, freezing-thawing or activation by induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction. In this review we will focus on the assays routinely performed in our laboratories, giving a literature support to critically analyse different approaches. In fact, researchers usually tend to look for the "one shot" parameter that could explain itself a specific process; it is our conviction that a multiparametric approach is still more valid, as some changes in sperm function are very complex and could be explained only by operating in different ways. Sperm motility, the most evident sperm characteristic, should be assessed by computer-aided sperm analysers that permit an objective evaluation of the motility and its kinematic parameters. Commercial and open source instruments are available and could be profitably used together with specific statistical approaches. The use of microscopy, and particularly fluorescent microscopy, could be a very useful tool to assess different parameters in sperm cells both by fluorophores that give indication of a determined function, and by immunolocalization of proteins, that permits the discover of new features or to explain particular sperm functions. The same substrates could be used also in flow cytometry: the difference is that it permits to study wider sperm populations (and their sub-population distribution). Flow cytometry is undergoing a very wide use in spermatology and technical and experimental rigor is needed to obtain reliable results. Metabolic assessment of sperm features, particularly energetic supply, ATP formation and other enzyme activities, could represent a very important challenge to acquire new information and complete/integrate those derived from other techniques. Finally, functional assays such as oocyte binding and in vitro fertilization, represent a very strong tool to assess sperm function in vitro, as they could evidence the functional intactness of some pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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Galeati G, Bucci D, Nerozzi C, Gadani B, Tamanini C, Mislei B, Spinaci M. Improvement of in vitro fertilization by a tannin rich vegetal extract addition to frozen thawed boar sperm. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20190130. [PMID: 32714455 PMCID: PMC7375865 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2019-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Boar spermatozoa are very susceptible to cryopreservation injuries and, for this reason, pig remains one of the few species in which fresh semen is still preferred to thawed one for routine artificial insemination (AI). The present work evaluated the effect of supplementing boar sperm thawing medium with Silvafeed SP (SSP), a mixture of Chestnut and Quebracho wood extracts (60/40 w/w) rich in polyphenols (92.4% tannin content) on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and on the following sperm parameters: sperm motility (assessed by CASA), viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial function and lipid peroxidation (assessed by flow cytometry) and capacitation status (immunolocalization of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins). Thawed spermatozoa were incubated 1 h at 37°C in BTS without (CTR) or with (5, 10, 20 µg/mL) SSP. After incubation sperm suspension was divided in three aliquots: one was used for IVF trials, one for sperm analysis, and the last one was capacitated for 1 h at 39°C 5% CO2 in IVF medium. Sperm motility parameters, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial functionality, lipid peroxidation and tyrosine phosphorylated protein immunolocalization, used as capacitation parameter, were not influenced by SSP. However, oocytes inseminated with thawed spermatozoa pretreated with all the different SSP concentrations presented a significant (P < 0.01) increase in penetration rate compared to CTR. In addition, 5 µg/mL SSP exerted a positive effect (P<0.05) on the total efficiency of fertilization. These results encourage the use of SSP in the thawing medium since post-thawing fertility is a limit for the large-scale use of boar frozen semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Chiara Nerozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Beatrice Gadani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Carlo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Beatrice Mislei
- AUB-INFA National Institute of Artificial Insemination, Bologna, Cadriano, BO, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia, BO, Italy
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Nesci S, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Nerozzi C, Pagliarani A, Algieri C, Tamanini C, Bucci D. Sperm function and mitochondrial activity: An insight on boar sperm metabolism. Theriogenology 2020; 144:82-88. [PMID: 31927418 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study boar sperm mitochondrial activity was studied and deepened in order to delineate the main metabolic strategies used by boar sperm to obtain energy and to link them to sperm function. Boar spermatozoa were collected, diluted at 30 × 106 spz/mL and incubated for 1 h with: Rotenone (ROT), complex I inhibitor, Dimethyl-malonate (DMM), complex II inhibitor, antimycin A (ANTI), complex III inhibitor, oligomycin (OLIGO), ATP synthase inhibitor, Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), uncoupling agent, 2-deoxy-glucose (2DG), glucose agonist, and Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) as control vehicle. Viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (Sybr14/PI/JC1 staining) and sperm motility (using CASA system) were assayed after incubation. ROT, ANTI, OLIGO and CCCP significantly reduced total and progressive motility as well as cell velocities; ANTI and CCCP depressed mitochondrial membrane potential but did not affect cell viability. Cluster analysis of kinematic parameters showed some interesting features of sperm subpopulations: ANTI and CCCP caused a shift in sperm subpopulation towards "slow non progressive" cells, OLIGO and ROT caused a shift towards "average" and "slow non progressive" cells, while DMM and 2DG increased the "fast progressive" cells subpopulation. Sperm mitochondrial respiration and substrate oxidation, assayed polographically and spectrofluorimetrically, respectively pointed out a high ATP turnover and a low spare respiratory capacity, mainly linked to the NADH-O2 oxidase activity. Therefore, boar spermatozoa heavily rely on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and especially on Complex I activity, to produce ATP and fuel motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Chiara Nerozzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pagliarani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Cristina Algieri
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Carlo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
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Galeati G, Bucci D, Nerozzi C, Gadani B, Tamanini C, Mislei B, Spinaci M. Improvement of in vitro fertilization by a tannin rich vegetal extract addition to frozen thawed boar sperm. Anim Reprod 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2019-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Manservisi F, Lesseur C, Panzacchi S, Mandrioli D, Falcioni L, Bua L, Manservigi M, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Mantovani A, Lorenzetti S, Miglio R, Andrade AM, Kristensen DM, Perry MJ, Swan SH, Chen J, Belpoggi F. The Ramazzini Institute 13-week pilot study glyphosate-based herbicides administered at human-equivalent dose to Sprague Dawley rats: effects on development and endocrine system. Environ Health 2019; 18:15. [PMID: 30857531 PMCID: PMC6413565 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are broad-spectrum herbicides that act on the shikimate pathway in bacteria, fungi, and plants. The possible effects of GBHs on human health are the subject of an intense public debate for both its potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects, including potential effects on the endocrine system The present pilot study examine whether exposure to GBHs at the dose of glyphosate considered to be "safe" (the US Acceptable Daily Intake - ADI - of 1.75 mg/kg bw/day), starting from in utero life, affect the development and endocrine system across different life stages in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. METHODS Glyphosate alone and Roundup Bioflow, a commercial brand of GBHs, were administered in drinking water at 1.75 mg/kg bw/day to F0 dams starting from the gestational day (GD) 6 (in utero) up to postnatal day (PND) 120. After weaning, offspring were randomly distributed in two cohorts: 8 M + 8F/group animals belonging to the 6-week cohort were sacrificed after puberty at PND 73 ± 2; 10 M + 10F/group animals belonging to the 13-week cohort were sacrificed at adulthood at PND 125 ± 2. Effects of glyphosate or Roundup exposure were assessed on developmental landmarks and sexual characteristics of pups. RESULTS In pups, anogenital distance (AGD) at PND 4 was statistically significantly increased both in Roundup-treated males and females and in glyphosate-treated males. Age at first estrous (FE) was significantly delayed in the Roundup-exposed group and serum testosterone concentration significantly increased in Roundup-treated female offspring from the 13-week cohort compared to control animals. A statistically significant increase in plasma TSH concentration was observed in glyphosate-treated males compared with control animals as well as a statistically significant decrease in DHT and increase in BDNF in Roundup-treated males. Hormonal status imbalances were more pronounced in Roundup-treated rats after prolonged exposure. CONCLUSIONS The present pilot study demonstrate that GBHs exposure, from prenatal period to adulthood, induced endocrine effects and altered reproductive developmental parameters in male and female SD rats. In particular, it was associated with androgen-like effects, including a statistically significant increase of AGDs in both males and females, delay of FE and increased testosterone in female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Manservisi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010, Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Corina Lesseur
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Simona Panzacchi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010, Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010, Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Falcioni
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010, Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciano Bua
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010, Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Manservigi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010, Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Miglio
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anderson Martino Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Division of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - David Møbjerg Kristensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 1165, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Melissa J Perry
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shanna H Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Fiorella Belpoggi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010, Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy.
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Panzacchi S, Mandrioli D, Manservisi F, Bua L, Falcioni L, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Dinelli G, Miglio R, Mantovani A, Lorenzetti S, Hu J, Chen J, Perry MJ, Landrigan PJ, Belpoggi F. The Ramazzini Institute 13-week study on glyphosate-based herbicides at human-equivalent dose in Sprague Dawley rats: study design and first in-life endpoints evaluation. Environ Health 2018; 17:52. [PMID: 29843719 PMCID: PMC5972408 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most widely used pesticides worldwide, and glyphosate is the active ingredient of such herbicides, including the formulation known as Roundup. The massive and increasing use of GBHs results in not only the global burden of occupational exposures, but also increased exposure to the general population. The current pilot study represents the first phase of a long-term investigation of GBHs that we are conducting over the next 5 years. In this paper, we present the study design, the first evaluation of in vivo parameters and the determination of glyphosate and its major metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in urine. METHODS We exposed Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats orally via drinking water to a dose of glyphosate equivalent to the United States Acceptable Daily Intake (US ADI) of 1.75 mg/kg bw/day, defined as the chronic Reference Dose (cRfD) determined by the US EPA, starting from prenatal life, i.e. gestational day (GD) 6 of their mothers. One cohort was continuously dosed until sexual maturity (6-week cohort) and another cohort was continuously dosed until adulthood (13-week cohort). Here we present data on general toxicity and urinary concentrations of glyphosate and its major metabolite AMPA. RESULTS Survival, body weight, food and water consumption of the animals were not affected by the treatment with either glyphosate or Roundup. The concentration of both glyphosate and AMPA detected in the urine of SD rats treated with glyphosate were comparable to that observed in animals treated with Roundup, with an increase in relation to the duration of treatment. The majority of glyphosate was excreted unchanged. Urinary levels of the parent compound, glyphosate, were around 100-fold higher than the level of its metabolite, AMPA. CONCLUSIONS Glyphosate concentrations in urine showed that most part of the administered dose was excreted as unchanged parent compound upon glyphosate and Roundup exposure, with an increasing pattern of glyphosate excreted in urine in relation to the duration of treatment. The adjuvants and the other substances present in Roundup did not seem to exert a major effect on the absorption and excretion of glyphosate. Our results demonstrate that urinary glyphosate is a more relevant marker of exposure than AMPA in the rodent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Panzacchi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabiana Manservisi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciano Bua
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Falcioni
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Dinelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rossella Miglio
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belle Arti 41, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Department of Food safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Jianzhong Hu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Melissa J. Perry
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave, Washington, DC 20052 USA
| | - Philip J. Landrigan
- Arnhold Institute for Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1216 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Fiorella Belpoggi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center (CMCRC), Ramazzini Institute (RI), Via Saliceto, 3, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
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Maffei S, Galeati G, Pennarossa G, Brevini TAL, Gandolfi F. Extended ex vivo culture of fresh and cryopreserved whole sheep ovaries. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 28:1893-1903. [PMID: 26072996 DOI: 10.1071/rd15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an original perfusion system for the culture of whole ovine ovaries for up to 4 days. A total of 33 ovaries were divided into six groups: control (n=6), not perfused and fixed; Groups SM72 and SM72-FSH (n=6 each), perfused with a simple medium for 72h with or without FSH; Groups CM96 and CM96-FSH (n=6 each), perfused with a complex medium for 96h with or without FSH; Group CM96-FSH-cryo, (n=3) cryopreserved and perfused for 96h with Group CM96-FSH medium. Depending on the medium used, morphological parameters of cultured ovaries differed from fresh organs after 72 (SM72, SM72-FSH) or 96 (CM96, CM96-FSH) h of perfusion. Oestradiol and progesterone were secreted in all groups but FSH had an effect only on Group CM96-FSH, stimulating continued oestradiol secretion 10 times higher than in all other groups. Morphological parameters and hormone secretion of cryopreserved ovaries were not different from fresh controls. This method enables the culture of whole ovaries for up to 4 days, the time required in vivo for 0.5-mm follicles to grow to 2.2mm and then for these follicles to reach the ovulatory size of 4mm or more. It could be used as a research tool or to complement current techniques for preserving female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maffei
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Georgia Pennarossa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana A L Brevini
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Fulvio Gandolfi
- Present address: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Gadani B, Bucci D, Spinaci M, Tamanini C, Galeati G. Resveratrol and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate addition to thawed boar sperm improves in vitro fertilization. Theriogenology 2017; 90:88-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
Thawing is one of the most delicate process after semen cryopreservation as spermatozoa pass from a dormant metabolic stage to a sudden awakening in cellular metabolism. The rapid oxygen utilization leads to an overproduction of reactive oxygen species that can damage sperm cells, thus causing a significant decrease of fertilizing potential of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural grape-derived phytoalexin and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the major polyphenol in green tea (Camellia sinensis); both molecules are known to possess high levels of antioxidant activity. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of different concentrations of Res (0.5, 1 or 2 mM; Experiment 1) or EGCG (25, 50 or 100 μM; Experiment 2) supplementation to thawing boar semen extender on sperm quality parameters (viability and acrosome integrity) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Semen after thawing and dilution with three volumes of Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS), was immediately divided in control group without antioxidants addition (CTR) and either Res or EGCG groups. Sperm viability and acrosome integrity were evaluated in CTR, Res or EGCG groups after 1 h of incubation at 37 °C. The addition of different doses of Res or EGCG to thawing extender for 1 h did not induce any effect on boar sperm viability and acrosome integrity. However, both Res and EGCG treated samples exhibited a significantly higher penetration rate compared with CTR when used for IVF. In particular the treatment with all the EGCG concentrations increased the penetration rate (P < 0.01) while only Res 2 mM induced a significant increase of this parameter (P < 0.01). In addition, EGCG 25 and 50 μM supplementation significantly increased total fertilization efficiency as compared to control (EGCG 25 μM: 40.3 ± 8.2 vs 26.8 ± 9.5, P < 0.05; EGCG 50 μM: 40.4 ± 7.8 vs 26.8 ± 9.5, P < 0.01). The same effect was observed with Res 2 mM (51.0 ± 7.6 vs 29.6 ± 11.3, P < 0.01). In conclusion, our results indicate that the addition of different doses of the two antioxidants to thawed spermatozoa for one hour, even if does not exert any effect on sperm viability and acrosome integrity, efficiently improves in vitro penetration rate. Moreover, both molecules (EGCG 25 and 50 μM and Res 2 mM) significantly increases the total efficiency of fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gadani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - D Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - M Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
| | - C Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - G Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
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Bucci D, Spinaci M, Mislei B, Gadani B, Rizzato G, Love CC, Tamanini C, Galeati G, Mari G. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and green tea polyphenols do not improve stallion semen parameters during cooling at 4°C. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:270-277. [PMID: 28058738 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stallion semen storage for artificial insemination is mainly based on liquid cooled storage. In many stallions this technique maintains sperm quality for an extended period of time (24-72 hr) at 7°C. While this technique is commonly used in the horse industry, there can be a decline in fertility in some stallions, due to an inability of their sperm to tolerate the cool storage process. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of two natural antioxidants (epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) at 20, 60 and 120 μm and green tea polyphenols, and p at .001, .01 and .1 mg/ml) on some sperm parameters (sperm motility, viability/acrosome integrity and DNA quality) in extended semen immediately after its collection (T0) and after 2, 6, 24 and 48 hr of cool storage. Two ejaculates from three trotter stallions were analysed after 48 hr of storage at 4°C. No beneficial effect on the analysed parameters was observed: the two antioxidants were not able to improve sperm quality after 48 hr of storage. These results are in agreement with previous findings on the effect of different antioxidants reported by other researches, who have demonstrated that stallion semen keeps good antioxidant capacity after dilution for 24 hr. In conclusion, the positive effect exerted by antioxidant molecules in other species is not confirmed in the equine one.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - B Mislei
- National Institute for Artificial Insemination, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - B Gadani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Rizzato
- National Institute for Artificial Insemination, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C C Love
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - C Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Mari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy.,National Institute for Artificial Insemination, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Bucci D, Giaretta E, Merlo B, Iacono E, Spinaci M, Gadani B, Mari G, Tamanini C, Galeati G. Alkaline phosphatase added to capacitating medium enhances horse sperm-zona pellucida binding. Theriogenology 2017; 87:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fustini M, Galeati G, Gabai G, Mammi L, Bucci D, Baratta M, Accorsi P, Formigoni A. Overstocking dairy cows during the dry period affects dehydroepiandrosterone and cortisol secretion. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:620-628. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Giaretta E, Munerato M, Yeste M, Galeati G, Spinaci M, Tamanini C, Mari G, Bucci D. Implementing an open-access CASA software for the assessment of stallion sperm motility: Relationship with other sperm quality parameters. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 176:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Merlo B, Iacono E, Bucci D, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Mari G. Beta-mercaptoethanol supplementation of in vitro maturation medium does not influence nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of equine oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:992-996. [PMID: 27650672 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In vitro embryo production in the horse is still not as efficient as in other species. Oxidative stress negatively affects oocyte and embryo culture. To attenuate/minimize the oxidative stress, antioxidants such as low-molecular thiol compounds can be added to culture media. Beta-mercaptoethanol (BME) has been shown to improve maturation and embryo development in different species. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the addition to maturation medium of BME at common (0.1 mM) and high (0.7 mM) concentration could improve oocyte maturation also in the horse. Equine oocytes recovered from slaughterhouse ovaries were used. Meiotic configuration after in vitro maturation (IVM) and early embryo production after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were considered as criteria for assessing nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, respectively. A total of 1,076 oocytes were analysed over two experiments: 848 (control n = 293, BME 0.1 n = 270, BME 0.7 n = 285) were stained with Hoechst 33342 and examined for nuclear stage after 26 hr of IVM, and 228 MII oocytes were fertilized by ICSI (control n = 83, BME 0.1 n = 65, BME 0.7 n = 80). Cleavage rates were determined after 60 hr of culture. Unlike results obtained in other species, the addition of BME did not influence maturation rates (51.9% control vs 55.6% BME 0.1 mM and 55.1% BME 0.7 mM), nor cleavage rates after ICSI (38.6% vs 38.5% and 41.3%, respectively). In conclusion, the addition of BME at 0.1 and 0.7 mM to the maturation medium, in our culture conditions, has no effect on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of equine oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Merlo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - E Iacono
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - D Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - M Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - G Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - G Mari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
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Galeati G, Giaretta E, Zannoni A, Bucci D, Tamanini C, Forni M, Spinaci M. Embelin supplementation of in vitro maturation medium does not influence nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of pig oocytes. J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 67:513-519. [PMID: 27779472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused from in vitro culture contributes to inadequate oocyte maturation which leads to a poor embryo development. Therefore, it is important to protect oocytes and embryos against oxidative stress. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of Embelin (2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone), an antioxidant with various pharmacologic activities, on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of pig oocytes as well as on steroidogenesis of cumulus cells (CCs). Another objective was to determine the influence of Embelin on developmental competence of pig oocytes as well as the expression levels of three key genes (Nanog, Sox2 and Oct4) involved in the control of pluripotency in parthenogenetically activated embryos. Embelin (0, 10, 20 and 40 μM) was added during in vitro maturation of cumulus oocyte complexes; media of both the first and the second day of culture were collected and assayed for progesterone and estradiol-17β. At the end of the maturation period, the oocytes were fixed (to determine nuclear maturation) or partenogenically activated to evaluate cytoplasmic maturation and genes expression. Embelin did not exert any effect on the proportion of MII oocytes, steroidogenesis of CCs, percentage of embryos that developed to blastocyst stage and the number of blastomeres/blastocyst. Moreover, no significant differences of Oct4, Nanog and Sox2 transcripts were detected in blastocyst stage embryos. In conclusion, Embelin did not influence the reproductive parameters assessed, confirming that it is not possible to predict whether the beneficial effect exerted by an antioxidant in a particular tissue could be present also in another one.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Galeati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italia.
| | - E Giaretta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - A Zannoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - D Bucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - C Tamanini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - M Forni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
| | - M Spinaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italia
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Bucci D, Giaretta E, Spinaci M, Rizzato G, Isani G, Mislei B, Mari G, Tamanini C, Galeati G. Characterization of alkaline phosphatase activity in seminal plasma and in fresh and frozen–thawed stallion spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2016; 85:288-295.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Plaza Dávila M, Bucci D, Galeati G, Peña FJ, Mari G, Giaretta E, Tamanini C, Spinaci M. Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) Reduces Rotenone Effect on Stallion Sperm-Zona Pellucida Heterologous Binding. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:1011-6. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Plaza Dávila
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology; Veterinary Teaching Hospital; University of Extremadura; Cáceres Spain
| | - D Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET); University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - G Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET); University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - FJ Peña
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology; Veterinary Teaching Hospital; University of Extremadura; Cáceres Spain
| | - G Mari
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET); University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
- AUB INFA; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - E Giaretta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET); University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - C Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET); University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - M Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET); University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Galeati G, Zannoni A, Spinaci M, Bucci D, Ostanello F, Panarese S, Tamanini C, Sarli G. Porcine circovirus type 2 detection inin vitroproduced porcine blastocysts after virus sperm exposure. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:511-6. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Fabio Ostanello
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Serena Panarese
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Carlo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Perteghella S, Vigani B, Crivelli B, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Bucci D, Vigo D, Torre ML, Chlapanidas T. Sperm Encapsulation from 1985 to Date: Technology Evolution and New Challenges in Swine Reproduction. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50 Suppl 2:98-102. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - B Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - B Crivelli
- Department of Drug Sciences; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - M Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET; University of Bologna; Ozzano dell'Emilia Bologna Italy
| | - G Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET; University of Bologna; Ozzano dell'Emilia Bologna Italy
| | - D Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET; University of Bologna; Ozzano dell'Emilia Bologna Italy
| | - D Vigo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - ML Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
| | - T Chlapanidas
- Department of Drug Sciences; University of Pavia; Pavia Italy
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Spinaci M, Perteghella S, Chlapanidas T, Galeati G, Vigo D, Tamanini C, Bucci D. Storage of sexed boar spermatozoa: Limits and perspectives. Theriogenology 2015; 85:65-73. [PMID: 26116059 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great potential application of sex-sorted spermatozoa in swine, the technology is not practiced in the pig industry because of technical factors and species-specific issues. The susceptibility of boar spermatozoa to stresses induced by the sorting procedure, the relative slowness of the sex-sorting process together with the high sperm numbers required for routine artificial insemination in pig are some of the main factors limiting the commercial application of this technology in pigs. This review briefly describes the damage to spermatozoa during sex sorting, focusing on an additional limiting factor: increased susceptibility of sexed boar spermatozoa to injuries induced by liquid storage and cryopreservation that, in turn, impairs sperm quality leading to unsatisfactory results in vivo. Strategies to extend the lifespan of sex-sorted boar spermatozoa and to improve their fertilizing ability after liquid storage or cryopreservation need to be implemented before this technology can be used in pig farms. In this regard, encapsulation in barium alginate membranes could be a promising technique to optimize the in vivo use of sexed boar spermatozoa, by protecting, targeting, and controlling the release of sperm into the female genital tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - S Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - T Chlapanidas
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Vigo
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - C Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences-DIMEVET, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Merlo B, Zambelli D, Cunto M, Iacono E, Nasi L, Giaretta E, Galeati G, Bucci D, Spinaci M. Sex-sorted canine sperm cryopreservation: limits and procedural considerations. Theriogenology 2015; 83:1121-7. [PMID: 25586638 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to define a protocol to store dog sperm before and after sorting to obtain an insemination dose sufficient to allow the conception by artificial insemination. Experiment 1 and 2 were performed to evaluate the more appropriate extender for preserving at room temperature dog sperm before and after sorting. Four extenders were tested: (1) Tris-fructose-citrate (TFC), (2) Tris-glucose-citrate (TGC), (3) modified Tyrode's albumin lactate pyruvate medium (mTALP), and (4) third fraction of the ejaculate (after centrifugation at 5000× g for 10 minutes; III FRAC). Experiment 3 and 4 were performed to evaluate the ability of dog semen to withstand sex sorting and freezing/thawing. Modified Tyrode's albumin lactate pyruvate medium was the best extender for canine sperm storage at room temperature (20 °C-25 °C) before (total motility: TFC, 8.3 ± 1.7; TGC, 50.0 ± 11.5; mTALP, 70.0 ± 0.1; III FRAC, 25.0 ± 1 0.4; P < 0.05) and after sorting (total motility: TFC, 7.3 ± 1.5; TGC, 10.3 ± 1.5; mTALP, 33.3 ± 6.7; III FRAC, 8.7 ± 5.8; P < 0.05), even if at 24-hour sorted sperm quality was impaired in all extenders tested herein. Sperm quality decreased after sorting (total motility: control, 92.5 ± 0.9; sorted, 52.9 ± 6.0; P < 0.05) and, especially, after freezing/thawing (total motility: frozen control, 25.7 ± 4.1; frozen sorted, 2.4 ± 1.2; P < 0.05). In conclusion, mTALP is an appropriate medium for canine sperm storage before and soon after sorting (hours), but a long storage period of sexed sperm at room temperature is not adequate. Cryopreservation greatly impaired sperm quality, and further studies are needed to optimize the freezing protocol for sexed dog sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Merlo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Daniele Zambelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Cunto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Iacono
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ludovica Nasi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Giaretta
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Maffei S, Galeati G, Pennarossa G, Brevini TAL, Gandolfi G. 188 DEVELOPMENT OF AN EFFECTIVE WHOLE-OVARY PERFUSION SYSTEM. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv27n1ab188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The different structures of a mammalian ovary require complex 3-dimensional interactions to function properly. It is difficult to access the ovary in vivo and to study its physiology in vitro, it is necessary to dissect its different parts and culture them individually. Although informative, this approach prevents the understanding of the role played by their interactions. Perfusion systems are available for ovaries of laboratory animals while organs of larger species have been maintained in culture only for a few hours. This has prompted us to develop a system that can preserve the function of a whole sheep ovary for a few days ex vivo so that it is available for analysis in controlled conditions. Twenty-four sheep ovaries were collected at the local abattoir; 18 were assigned randomly to 3 experimental groups (media A, B, and C) and 6 were immediately fixed in 10% formaldehyde and used as fresh controls. Whole ovaries were cultured for up to 4 days using a semi-open perfusion system. Organs were perfused through the ovarian artery, at a flow rate of 1.5 mL min–1 with basal medium (M199, 25 mM HEPES, 2 mM l-glutamine and 100 µg mL–1 antibiotic-antimycotic solution) supplemented with 0.4% fatty acid free BSA (medium A); or 0.4% BSA heat shock fraction (medium B); or 10% FBS, 50 ng mL–1 IGF-1, and 50 mg bovine insulin (medium C). Ovaries were stimulated with FSH (Folltropin®-V, Bioniche Animal Health Inc., Belleville, Ontario, Canada) changing medium in a pulsatile manner (1 mg mL–1 for 2 h; 0.5 mg mL–1 for 2 h; 0 mg mL–1 for 20 h), with the same cycle repeated each day of culture. At every change, aliquots were collected for oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) quantification. After culture, ovaries were examined for follicular morphology, cell proliferation, and apoptotic rate. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA (SPSS 20, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). In media A and B, all morphological parameters showed a small but significant decrease compared to fresh control, only after 3 days of culture. The different BSA in medium B did not affect follicle morphology but significantly increased cell proliferation (medium A, 28.59 ± 3.26%; medium B, 32.04 ± 2.67%) and decreased apoptosis (medium A, 32.51 ± 5.92%; medium B, 24.55 ± 2.55%). In both media, steroid concentration increased after FSH pulses (E2 range 1.95–10.50 pg mL–1; P4 range 0.34–3.08 ng mL–1), reaching levels similar to those measurable in peripheral plasma. The presence of FBS, IGF-1, and insulin in medium C allowed extension of the culture period to 4 days with a percentage of intact follicles comparable to that observed after 3 days in media A and B. Moreover, proliferation rates were comparable to fresh controls. Steroid pattern changed with P4 values dropping close to zero (range 0.03–1.18 ng mL–1) and E2 level (range 23.59–94.98 pg mL–1) increasing 10-fold, achieving a concentration similar to that measured in the ovarian vein around oestrous. Our data indicate that it is possible to support viability of large animal whole ovaries for up to 4 days, providing a physiologically relevant model for studying ovarian functions in vitro.
Research was supported by AIRC IG 10376 and by the Carraresi Foundation.
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Giaretta E, Bucci D, Mari G, Galeati G, Love CC, Tamanini C, Spinaci M. Is Resveratrol Effective in Protecting Stallion Cooled Semen? J Equine Vet Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Spinaci M, Bucci D, Mazzoni M, Giaretta E, Bernardini C, Vallorani C, Tamanini C, Clavenzani P, Galeati G. Expression of α-gustducin and α-transducin, G proteins coupled with taste receptors, in boar sperm. Theriogenology 2014; 82:144-51.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Parillo F, Zerani M, Maranesi M, Dall'Aglio C, Galeati G, Brecchia G, Boiti C, González-Mariscal G. Ovarian hormones and fasting differentially regulate pituitary receptors for estrogen and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in rabbit female. Microsc Res Tech 2013; 77:201-10. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Parillo
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina veterinaria; Università di Camerino; 62024 Matelica Italy
| | - M. Zerani
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina veterinaria; Università di Camerino; 62024 Matelica Italy
| | - M. Maranesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - C. Dall'Aglio
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - G. Galeati
- Dipartimento di Scienze mediche veterinarie; Università di Bologna; 40064 Ozzano Emilia Italy
| | - G. Brecchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - C. Boiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze biopatologiche ed Igiene delle produzioni animali e alimentari; Laboratorio di Biotecnologie fisiologiche, Sezione di Fisiologia veterinaria, Università di Perugia; 06126 Perugia Italy
| | - G. González-Mariscal
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal CINVESTAV; Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV; Tlaxcala Mexico
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Bucci D, Galeati G, Giaretta E, Tamanini C, Spinaci M. Sex-sorting of boar spermatozoa does not influence the localization of glucose transporters. Reprod Biol 2013; 13:341-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bucci D, Isani G, Giaretta E, Spinaci M, Tamanini C, Ferlizza E, Galeati G. Alkaline phosphatase in boar sperm function. Andrology 2013; 2:100-6. [PMID: 24249651 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (AP) catalyses the detachment of phosphate residues from different substrates. Its activity has been demonstrated in seminal plasma and spermatozoa from porcine and other mammalian species; anyway, the role of AP in male reproduction has not been clarified yet and the aim of this study was to determine AP function in boar sperm capacitation and in vitro fertilization (IVF). AP activity was assayed in seminal plasma and in uncapacitated and in vitro capacitated (IVC) spermatozoa; in addition, capacitation was studied in presence of different doses of AP (1.2 and 2.5 IU/mL). The effect of different doses of AP (1.2 and 2.5 IU/mL) on several sperm parameters after IVC (viability, acrosome integrity with FITC-PSA, capacitation status with CTC staining, tyrosine phosphorylation) and on fertilizing ability during IVF were also evaluated. High AP activity was detected in seminal plasma, in particular in sperm-rich fraction; a lower activity was detected in uncapacitated spermatozoa while a significant decrease was evidenced after IVC. Viability was not changed by AP supplementation of the capacitating medium, whereas acrosome integrity and capacitation status were significantly affected by 1.2 and 2.5 doses, with a dose-dependent decrease in acrosome-reacted cells as well as in CTC B pattern displaying cells. As for sperm head protein phosphorylation, a decrease in relative fluorescence was detected in AP 2.5 group, if compared with capacitated one. After IVF, a dose-dependent decrease in penetrated oocytes was recorded, with an increase in monospermic zygote rate. In conclusion, we demonstrated that AP activity decreases under capacitating condition and that addition of AP to spermatozoa during capacitation results in a depression of the capacitating process and IVF. We can infer that AP plays a role in keeping spermatozoa quiescent until they are ejaculated and in modulating the acquisition of the fertilizing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie (DIMEVET), Università degli Studi di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy
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Tamanini C, Bacci ML, Galeati G, Spinaci M. Editorial. Reprod Domest Anim 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Balao da Silva CM, Spinaci M, Bucci D, Giaretta E, Peña FJ, Mari G, Galeati G. Effect of sex sorting on stallion spermatozoa: Heterologous oocyte binding, tyrosine phosphorylation and acrosome reaction assay. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 141:68-74. [PMID: 23953198 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The interest on sex sorting by flow cytometry on the equine industry has been increasing over the years. In this work, three different tests were performed in order to evaluate the membrane status of sorted stallion spermatozoa: assessment of binding ability to porcine oocytes, evaluation of acrosome integrity after stimulation with A23187, and detection of tyrosine phosphorylation. These evaluations were made after incubation for 0h, 1.5h and 3h in a capacitating medium. Sorted stallion spermatozoa attached similarly to the porcine oocytes, when compared with control samples. Sorted spermatozoa were more prone to undergo acrosome reaction (P<0.05), at the beginning and after 1.5h and 3h of incubation, and also had higher tyrosine phosphorylation of the tail (P<0.001), only at the beginning of the incubation period. Apparently sex sorted stallion spermatozoa are in a more advanced status of membrane destabilization, which could be associated with capacitation, although similar binding ability to porcine oocytes is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Balao da Silva
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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Bucci D, Spinaci M, Morrell J, Vallorani C, Tamanini C, Guidetti R, Galeati G. Effects of single layer centrifugation with Androcoll-P on boar sperm. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 138:276-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mattioli M, Galeati G, Conte F, Seren E. Effect of 5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one on oxytocin release in oestrous sows. Theriogenology 2012; 25:399-403. [PMID: 16726129 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(86)90047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/1985] [Accepted: 01/24/1986] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of an aerosol containing 5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one on oxytocin release in the sow was studied. The snouts of six estrous sows were sprayed with the aerosol for 2 sec. Blood samples were collected through indwelling vena cava canulas. The aerosol released oxytocin in all the sows tested. Maximum values, ranging from 24 to 101 pg oxytocin/ml plasma were recorded within 8 min of the treatment. A possible positive effect of the pheromonal stimulation on pigs' fertility is hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mattioli
- Istituto di Fisiologia Veterinaria Università degli Studi di Bologna Via Belmeloro, 8/2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Sarli G, Morandi F, Panarese S, Bacci B, Ferrara D, Bianco C, Fusaro L, Bacci ML, Galeati G, Dottori M, Bonilauri P, Lelli D, Leotti G, Vila T, Joisel F, Allan G, Benazzi C, Ostanello F. Reproduction in porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) seropositive gilts inseminated with PCV2b spiked semen. Acta Vet Scand 2012; 54:51. [PMID: 22935352 PMCID: PMC3509407 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-54-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 1999, field evidence of transplacental infection by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and reproductive failure has been reported in pigs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and pathological consequences of PCV2 infection in conventional PCV2-seropositive gilts by insemination with PCV2b-spiked semen. RESULTS Six PCV2 seropositive gilts were inseminated with PCV2b-supplemented semen (infected) and three animals with semen and cell culture medium (controls). Only three out of the six infected animals were pregnant by ultrasonography on day 29 after insemination, while two out of the three controls were pregnant. One control gilt aborted on day 23 after insemination but not due to PVC2. Viraemia was demonstrated in four out of six infected and in one control gilt that became infected with PCV2a. Anti-PCV2 antibody titres showed dynamic variations in the infected group throughout the study. Among infected gilts, the animal with the lowest anti-PCV2 titre (1/100) at the beginning of the experiment and another that reached a similar low value during the experiment showed evident seroconversion over time and had also PCV2 positive foetuses. One placenta displayed mild focal necrosis of the chorionic epithelium positively stained by immunohistochemistry for PCV2 antigen. CONCLUSIONS PCV2-seropositive gilts can be infected with PCV2 after intrauterine exposure and low maternal antibody titre may increase the probability of a foetal infection.
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Faustini M, Vigo D, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Torre ML. Enhancing Insemination Performance in Pigs Through Controlled Release of Encapsulated Spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 4:353-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02098.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Spinaci M, Vallorani C, Bucci D, Tamanini C, Porcu E, Galeati G. Vitrification of pig oocytes induces changes in histone H4 acetylation and histone H3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9). Vet Res Commun 2012; 36:165-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-012-9527-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bucci D, Galeati G, Tamanini C, Vallorani C, Rodriguez-Gil J, Spinaci M. Effect of sex sorting on CTC staining, actin cytoskeleton and tyrosine phosphorylation in bull and boar spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2012; 77:1206-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Panzani S, Comin A, Galeati G, Romano G, Villani M, Faustini M, Veronesi MC. How type of parturition and health status influence hormonal and metabolic profiles in newborn foals. Theriogenology 2011; 77:1167-77. [PMID: 22153270 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones, insulin growth factor I (IGF-I) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) represent important hormonal and metabolic factors associated with perinatal growth and maturation. Their action could be influenced by the type of parturition and the health status of the foal and therefore the aim of this work is to evaluate their plasma concentrations in newborn foals during the first 2 wks of life. Three groups of subjects were enrolled: 15 healthy foals born by spontaneous parturition, 24 healthy foals born by induced parturition and 26 pathologic foals. From each of the healthy foals, blood was collected at 10, 20 and 30 minutes, 3 and 12 hours from birth, daily from Day 1 to Day 7, and at Day 10 and 14 of life. In pathologic foals samples were collected twice a day from the day of admission at the hospital until the day of discharge or death. Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and IGF-I were analyzed by radioimmunoassay and NEFA by enzymatic-colorimetric methods. In all the three groups a declining trend of T3 and T4 plasma concentrations was detectable, with lower levels in the pathologic group compared to healthy foals. Spontaneous foals showed higher levels of T3 at 7 d compared to induced foals, while T4 levels were higher in spontaneous vs. induced foals before 6 h of life, at three and seven days. IGF-I showed increasing plasma concentrations in all three considered groups. No differences were found between healthy and pathologic foals. NEFA in spontaneous and induced healthy foals showed a declining trend with higher levels during the first hours of life. Pathologic foals presented higher levels compared to spontaneous foals only at 24 h and 10 d. These data suggest that the type of foaling could influence the reference ranges for thyroid hormones. Moreover, pathologic foals showed some hormonal and metabolic differences related to their health status. Above all changes of thyroid hormones levels, early in postnatal life, could be a cause, and not only a consequence, of the diseased condition of these foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Panzani
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria, 10 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Bucci D, Spinaci M, Vallorani C, Contri A, Carluccio A, Isani G, Tamanini C, Galeati G. Detection and localization of GLUTs 1, 2, 3 and 5 in donkey spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 45:e217-20. [PMID: 19930135 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01544.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
GLUTs are a family of proteins that facilitate the transport of glucose and other hexoses through the plasma membrane of the cells. GLUTs are present in mammalian spermatozoon's membrane in different isoforms and they supply metabolic substrates for all the cell's activities such as motility, homoeostasis and fertilization. As studies about donkey spermatozoa and their metabolism are lacking, this study was aimed at detecting GLUTs 1, 2, 3 and 5 presence by western blotting technique and at determining their localization on the plasma membrane by indirect immunofluorescence. Each protein showed a typical localization on the sperm cells' plasma membrane, differencing the one to the other on the basis of the hexose they transport. We also highlighted some differences between GLUTs distribution and molecular weight in donkey spermatozoa and its nearest relative, the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bucci
- Dipartimento di Morfofisiologia Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università di Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
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Galeati G, Spinaci M, Vallorani C, Bucci D, Porcu E, Tamanini C. Pig oocyte vitrification by cryotop method: Effects on viability, spindle and chromosome configuration and in vitro fertilization. Anim Reprod Sci 2011; 127:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Probo M, Cairoli F, Kindahl H, Faustini M, Galeati G, Veronesi MC. Peripartal Hormonal Changes in Alpine Goats: a Comparison Between Physiological and Pathological Parturition. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:1004-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Spinaci M, Vallorani C, Bucci D, Bernardini C, Tamanini C, Seren E, Galeati G. Effect of liquid storage on sorted boar spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2010; 74:741-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Vargiolu A, Manzini S, de Cecco M, Bacci ML, Forni M, Galeati G, Cerrito MG, Busnelli M, Lavitrano M, Giovannoni R. In vitro production of multigene transgenic blastocysts via sperm-mediated gene transfer allows rapid screening of constructs to be used in xenotransplantation experiments. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:2142-5. [PMID: 20692428 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Multigene transgenic pigs would be of benefit for large animal models and in particular for xenotransplantation, where extensive genetic manipulation of donor pigs is required to make them suitable for organ grafting to humans. We have previously produced multitransgenic pigs via sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) using integrative constructs expressing 3 different reporter genes. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using 3 integrative constructs carrying 3 different human genes involved in the modulation of inflammatory responses. We developed an in vitro fertilization system to demonstrate that SMGT can be used to efficiently produce multigene transgenic embryos through a 1-step genetic modification using multiple integrative constructs each carrying a different human gene involved in the modulation of inflammatory processes (hHO1, hCD39, and hCD73). The results suggest that this system allowed an effective preliminary test of transgenesis optimization, greatly reducing the number of animals used in the experiments and fulfilling important ethical issues. We performed 5 in vitro fertilization experiments using sperm cells preincubated with all 3 integrative constructs. A total of 1,498 oocytes were fertilized to obtain 775 embryos, among which 340 further developed into blastocysts. We did not observe any toxicity related to the transgenesis procedure that affected normal embryo development. We observed 68.5% transgenesis efficiency. Blastocysts were 48% single, 31% double, and 21% triple transgenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vargiolu
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
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Galeati G, Vallorani C, Bucci D, Bernardini C, Tamanini C, Parmeggiani A, Spinaci M. Daidzein does affect progesterone secretion by pig cumulus cells but it does not impair oocytes IVM. Theriogenology 2010; 74:451-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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