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Guimarães Júnior R, de Oliveira AF, Ferreira IC, Pereira LGR, Tomich TR, Menezes GL, Vilela L, Lana ÂMQ. Methane emissions and milk yields from zebu cows under integrated systems. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Menezes GL, de Oliveira AF, Gonçalves LC, de Assis Pires FPA, de Menezes RA, de Sousa PG, Azevêdo JAG, Lana ÂMQ, de Pinho MM, de Araújo VE, Jayme DG. Efficacy of formic acid, enzymes, and microbial additives in silage on the performance of sheep: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Menezes GL, de Oliveira AF, Lana ÂMQ, Pires FPADA, de Menezes RA, de Sousa PG, de Oliveira EC, Monteiro RGDA, Martins GG, de Souza RC, Gonçalves LC, Jayme DG. Effects of different moist orange pulp inclusions in the corn grain rehydration for silage production on chemical composition, fermentation, aerobic stability, microbiological profile, and losses. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13701. [PMID: 35257442 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of different moist orange pulp (MOP) inclusions in corn grain rehydration for silage production as a strategy to store and use MOP and whether these inclusions result in adequate fermentation and aerobic stability (AE) and acceptable losses. Ground corn grain and MOP were weighed separately and mixed to obtain MOP inclusions of 21%, 34%, or 42%. The control treatment was obtained with corn rehydrated with distilled water and MOP inclusion of 0%, with five laboratory silos (15-L buckets) per treatment. Acid detergent fiber, acid detergent insoluble protein, acid detergent lignin, lactic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol contents increased linearly with increasing MOP inclusion, whereas starch, in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility and butyric acid contents and pH decreased linearly. NH3 -N/TN content reduced quadratically and was minimal with 8.34 g/kg DM at 14% MOP inclusion. Total DM losses increased quadratically with maximal losses of 4.26% DM at 25% MOP inclusion. AE reduced by 2.8 h for each 1% increase in MOP inclusion. Rehydration of corn grain with MOP results in an adequate fermentation process. The inclusion of 34% MOP was the best because DM losses were lower and AE was not drastically reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriel Gonçalves Martins
- Department of Animal Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafahel Carvalho de Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lúcio Carlos Gonçalves
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Diogo Gonzaga Jayme
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Sousa PGD, Menezes GL, Oliveira AFD, Pires FPADA, Menezes RAD, Oliveira ECD, Silva AED, Gonçalves LC, Jayme DG. Micotoxinas em silagem. Pubvet 2022. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v16n01a1014.1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O processo de ensilagem consiste na preservação da forragem verde. Porém, erros nas operações durante a colheita, o armazenamento ou até na abertura do silo, pode resultar em colonização de fungos e produção de micotoxinas. Sendo assim, é importante desenvolver estratégias para mitigar os efeitos negativos das micotoxinas na alimentação de vacas leiteiras. Objetivou-se revisar a literatura sobre a contaminação de silagem por micotoxinas, incluindo fatores predisponentes para a contaminação e as formas de prevenção e mitigação. As principais condições ambientais que favorecem a síntese de micotoxinas são a temperatura, o pH e a atividade de água. Além disso, fatores ligados a operação, como a colheita atrasada, atrasos na vedação do silo, a densidade de compactação ou uso vedantes danificados também favorecem o crescimento fúngico. O controle desses processos na ensilagem tem como objetivo evitar a contaminação por fungos toxinogênicos. No entanto, as estratégias de controle atuais não são totalmente eficazes. Algumas estratégias seguras e relativamente econômicas são o uso de adsorventes de micotoxinas ou de inoculantes bacterianos, que podem ser usados para reduzir a absorção de micotoxinas no trato gastrointestinal.
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Sousa PGD, Menezes GL, Oliveira AFD, Pires FPADA, Menezes RAD, Oliveira ECD, Silva AED, Gonçalves LC, Jayme DG. Maior tempo de estocagem aumenta a digestibilidade do amido em silagem de milho? Pubvet 2022. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v16n01a1025.1-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O milho brasileiro é predominantemente duro (vítreo), e apresenta uma menor digestibilidade do amido em relação aos híbridos (farináceos). Para contornar esta situação, é realizada uma ensilagem, pois a degradabilidade efetiva do amido é maior em milho ensilado do que no milho fresco. O objetivo desta revisão é apresentar os efeitos do armazenamento prolongado da silagem na digestibilidade ruminal in vitro do amido. Um bom material estocado de silagem de milho irá contar com uma rápida queda do pH, favorecendo a fermentação láctica. Quando se prolonga os dias de fermentação de 120 para 240 dias, é observado um aumento da concentração de acetato e lactato, o que pode justificar o aumento gradual da digestibilidade à medida que a fermentação progrediu. Apesar de ser um alimento energético, onde a proteína bruta não apresenta níveis importantes na silagem, esse parâmetro também apresentou aumento em sua concentração com um armazenamento prolongado, sugerindo implicação na formulação da dieta. O prolongamento da ensilagem tem uma relação positiva para a digestibilidade do amido, porém deve- se avaliar o efeito do tempo de armazenamento no desempenho animal.
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Menezes GL, Oliveira AFD, Sousa PGD, Pires FPADA, Menezes RAD, Oliveira ECD, Silva AED, Gonçalves LC, Jayme DG. Efeito do uso de óleos essenciais no desempenho de bovinos de corte confinados. Pubvet 2022. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v16n01a1003.1-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionóforos são antibióticos amplamente utilizados nas composições de dietas de ruminantes, com o objetivo de diminuir o consumo de matéria seca e aumentar a eficiência alimentar, dificultando o desenvolvimento da acidose ruminal e gerando melhor aproveitamento de nutrientes, por ação principalmente sobre as bactérias gram- positivas. Entretanto, essa utilização é uma preocupação pelo surgimento de resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos, que reflete na medicina humana. Meio a situação, surgem estudos com os óleos essenciais (OEs) que buscam a substituição dos antibióticos, promovendo efeitos similares, devido suas propriedades antimicrobianas, similares às funções dos ionóforos. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar os resultados da comparação entre os dois aditivos na dieta. O efeito dos OEs variam de acordo com sua fonte, podendo causar diferentes impactos no consumo de alimentos pelo animal, porém estudos realizados concluíram que independente da dosagem e da fonte os óleos provocam resultado positivo no ganho médio diário (GMD), levando a eficiência alimentar (EA) a não sofrer impactos pelo aumento do consumo de matéria seca (CMS). Colocando- se os OEs em substituição à monensina, a observação do aumento do CMS se mantém, porém não são observadas alterações no GMD, também é notado um aumento na incidência de abcessos hepáticos o que gera a necessidade de novos estudos para compreensão. O fornecimento dos OEs na alimentação terá repercussão similar a monensina (principal ionóforo utilizado), porém com um maior CMS.
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Pires FPADA, Gonçalves LC, Oliveira AFD, Menezes GL, Sousa PGD, Menezes RAD, Ananias JVA. Ensilagem e os componentes fibrosos dos alimentos volumosos. Pubvet 2021. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v15n12a983.1-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A ensilagem é o método mais usado para a conservação dos alimentos volumosos. O principal componente nutricional desses alimentos é a fibra. Porém os impactos da ensilagem sobre a fibra são variáveis. Nesse sentido, pode-se constatar aumentos proporcionais na participação de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) das silagens, devido ao consumo de proteínas e carboidratos solúveis durante o processo fermentativo. A intensidade desse aumento depende das características intrínsecas das forrageiras usadas, da qualidade e do tipo de fermentação que ocorre no silo. Entretanto, deve-se considerar que o processo fermentativo também pode atuar diretamente sobre os componentes fibrosos. Devido a suas características bioquímicas, essa atuação geralmente ocorre sobre as hemiceluloses, pelo mecanismo de hidrólise ácida. Portanto, a ensilagem também pode reduzir os teores de FDN das silagens. A queda nos teores de FDN é constada muitas vezes em processos fermentativos de qualidade com baixas perdas de matéria seca (MS). Além disso, deve-se ressaltar que a hidrólise ácida das hemiceluloses apresenta importantes implicações nutricionais, levando à diminuição na digestibilidade da fibra e ao aumento na digestibilidade da matéria orgânica (MO) das silagens. Observa-se com os resultados discutidos que a qualidade do processo fermentativo é determinante nas consequências da ensilagem sobre os componentes fibrosos dos alimentos volumosos.
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Menezes GL, Mann RM, Meeuwis C, Bisschops B, Veltman J, Lavin PT, van de Vijver MJ, Pijnappel RM. Abstract P2-08-43: Can optoacoustic imaging combined with ultrasound non-invasively offer prognosis for breast cancer molecular subtypes? Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-08-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the role of optoacoustic imaging combined with gray-scale ultrasound (OA/US) to better differentiate between breast cancer molecular subtypes.
Materials and Methods:
This prospective 5-center study was performed in the Netherlands between March 2015 and February 2016. Only masses considered suspicious at conventional diagnostic breast ultrasound (US) were included. The study was approved by the institutional ethical boards of the participating hospitals and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Dedicated breast radiologists evaluated the included masses using OA/US and scored the internal and external OA/US features accordingly. Spearman Correlation was used to analyze the relationship between OA/US features and mitotic figures. The same statistical method was also used to evaluate the correlation between OA/US features and percentages of ER, PR and Ki67. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the relationship between OA/US features and molecular subtypes of breast cancer (Luminal A, Luminal B, Triple Negative and HER2-enriched breast cancers).
Results: Overall, 209 patients with 215 breast lesions were included in this study. Sixty-seven masses were considered malignant and the 59 masses classified as invasive breast cancers were included in the final mitotic figures, ER, PR, Ki-67 and molecular subtype analyses. Significant correlations were found between OA/US Total Internal Features and ER (p = 0.0333) and Ki-67 (p = 0.0092) percentages. Regarding molecular subtypes, Internal Vessels (p = 0.0257), Total Internal Features (p = 0.0196) and combined Total Internal and External Features (p = 0.0289) helped to differentiate between Luminal A and Luminal B cancers. Internal Vessels (p = 0.0030), Internal Blush (p = 0.0044), Total Internal Hemoglobin (p = 0.0053), Total Internal Features (p = 0.0010), Total Internal divided by Total External Features (p=0.0255) and combined Total Internal and External Features (p = 0.0108) helped to differentiate between Luminal A and Triple Negative breast cancers. Total Internal Features showed a borderline result (p = 0.0551) regarding the differentiation between Triple Negative and HER2-enriched subtypes.
Conclusions: The use of OA/US features to non-invasively differentiate between breast cancer molecular subtypes may help to establish an earlier prognosis and treatment planning, potentially decreasing costs and facilitating larger scale diagnosis. Future research with larger sample sizes may confirm these preliminary results.
Citation Format: Menezes GL, Mann RM, Meeuwis C, Bisschops B, Veltman J, Lavin PT, van de Vijver MJ, Pijnappel RM. Can optoacoustic imaging combined with ultrasound non-invasively offer prognosis for breast cancer molecular subtypes? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-43.
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Affiliation(s)
- GL Menezes
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - RM Mann
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - C Meeuwis
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - B Bisschops
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - J Veltman
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - PT Lavin
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - MJ van de Vijver
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - RM Pijnappel
- UTHSCSA, San Antonio; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands; Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands; ZGT, Almelo, Netherlands; Boston Biostatistics Research Foundation, Framingham; Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Baptista AL, Rezende AL, Fonseca PDA, Massi RP, Nogueira GM, Magalhães LQ, Headley SA, Menezes GL, Alfieri AA, Saut JPE. Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil. J Infect Dev Ctries 2017; 11:791-799. [PMID: 31600152 DOI: 10.3855/jidc.9296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A feedlot is an intensive farming system for finishing livestock. Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a cause of morbidity and mortality in beef cattle, especially in feedlots. METHODOLOGY This study investigated the morbidity and mortality of BRD in a beef cattle feedlot in southeastern Brazil using: clinical diagnoses, therapy, morbidity, and mortality. Pulmonary fragments were collected from five steers, on feed from 3-32 days, with lesions of pneumonia for identification of BRD infectious agents PCR. RESULTS 188,862 steers were on feed and morbidity was 7.05% (13,315/188,862), mortality 0.64% (1,214/188,862). The causes of morbidity were: BRD (6.13%), lameness (0.29%), trauma (0.21%), clostridiosis (0.13%) and polioencephalomalacia, PEM (0.12%). The causes of mortality were: BRD (0.21%), trauma (0.17%), and clostridiosis (0.13%). When all sick cattle were considered (n=13,315), BRD (86.9%) was the principal cause of morbidity, followed by lameness (4.13%), trauma (3.05%), and clostridiosis (1.82%). The cost of BRD-associated cattle mortality and morbidity was estimated at $14,334.00/10,000 and $16,315.40/10,000 respectively. It was projected that the economic effects due to BRD-associated morbidity in Brazil were $6.31 million/annum, while losses due to mortality were $5.54 million, resulting in an annual loss of $11.85 million. Coinfections in cattle with pneumonia due to Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida were identified in 4/5 steers tested. CONCLUSIONS This is the first longitudinal study that investigated the incidence of BRD in feedlot cattle from Brazil, and the results herein described indicate that BRD contributed significantly to the development of mortality and morbidity of cattle on feed.
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Magalhães LQ, Baptista AL, Fonseca PDA, Menezes GL, Nogueira GM, Headley SA, Fritzen JTT, Alfieri AA, Saut JPE. Use of metaphylactic protocols based on the risk to develop bovine respiratory diseases in feedlot cattle. Cienc Rural 2017; 47. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20161110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) affect production rates negatively because it compromise health and well-being of the affected animal. The hypothesis of this study was that the use of metaphylactic protocols based on the risk to develop BRD would reduce morbidity and pulmonary lesions. For this purpose, the aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of two metaphylactic protocols on the morbidity of feedlot cattle with a known sanitary history, occurrence of pulmonary lesions at slaughter, and the possible participation of Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) in the development of BRD. An experimental study was designed in which 3,094 adult, male, cattle, were grouped according to the risk to develop BRD: a) group without metaphylaxis (n=2,104), low-risk animals; b) metaphylaxis group with oxytetracycline (n=789), moderate-risk animals; c) metaphylaxis group with tildipirosin (n=201), high-risk animals. All cattle were immunized against pathogens associated with BRD (BoHV-1, BVDV, BRSV, PI3). The morbidity for BRD was 8.2% (253/3,094); cattle within the moderate-risk group for BRD had the lowest frequency (6.1%), followed by high-risk animals with tildipirosin metaphylaxis (6.5%) and low-risk without metaphylaxis (9.1%) (P=0.019). At the abattoir, 1.2% of lungs with lesions were found. There was a difference (P=0.036) in the frequency of pulmonary lesions between healthy animals (1.1%) and those diagnosed with BRD (2.8%). Two agents associated with BRD were identified by PCR assays in the lungs (n=37) of cattle: M. haemolytica (16.2%) and H. somni (5.4%). In addition, concomitant infections involving these pathogens were identified in the lungs of two steers. These results demonstrate that the use of metaphylactic protocols, based on the risk to develop BRD, reduces morbidity and pulmonary lesions in affected cattle. Furthermore, pulmonary lesions were more frequent in animals with a history of BRD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Selwyn Arlington Headley
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Brazil
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