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Folwarczna J, Pytlik M, Zych M, Cegieła U, Nowinska B, Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak I, Sliwinski L, Trzeciak H, Trzeciak HI. Effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the rat skeletal system. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:682-693. [PMID: 25753887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Caffeic acid, predominantly as esters linked to quinic acid (chlorogenic acids), is a phenolic acid present at high levels in coffee. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of caffeic and chlorogenic acids on the skeletal system of female rats with normal estrogen levels and estrogen-deficient. MATERIALS AND METHODS Caffeic acid (5 and 50 mg/kg p.o. daily) and chlorogenic acid (100 mg/kg p.o. daily) were administered for 4 weeks to non-ovariectomized and bilaterally ovariectomized mature Wistar rats, and their effects were compared with appropriate controls. Moreover, estradiol (0.2 mg/kg p.o. daily) was administered to ovariectomized rats. Bone turnover markers, mass, mineralization and mechanical properties were examined. RESULTS Although caffeic acid at a low dose exerted some unfavorable effects on the skeletal system, at high doses, caffeic and chlorogenic acids slightly increased mineralization in the tibia and improved mechanical properties of the femoral diaphysis (compact bone). Unlike estradiol, they did not counteract the worsening of the tibial metaphysis bone strength (cancellous bone) and increases in osteocalcin concentration induced by estrogen deficiency. CONCLUSIONS High doses of the phenolic acids slightly favorably affected the rat skeletal system independently of the estrogen status.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Folwarczna
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland.
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2
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Krzystanek E, Krzystanek M, Opala G, Trzeciak HI, Siuda J, Małecki A. Platelet phospholipase A2 activity in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and ischemic stroke. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2007; 114:1033-9. [PMID: 17447002 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-007-0669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 02/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipase A(2) (E.C. 3.1.1.4, PLA(2)) plays an essential role in metabolism of membrane phospholipids, it is related to inflammatory reactions, secretion of amyloid precursor protein and activation of NMDA receptor after ischemia. In the present study we investigated PLA(2) activity in platelets from 37 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 32 vascular dementia (VaD) patients and 32 individuals with ischemic stroke as compared to 27 healthy elderly controls. PLA(2) activity was determined using radiometric assay. Mean platelet PLA(2) activity was increased in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (p < 0.001). In VaD group the enzyme activity was between the values in AD and controls, these differences being significant from both groups. In the group of patients with ischemic stroke mean PLA(2) activity was higher either 48 h after the stroke or 7 days later (in both cases p < 0.001). The results may be particularly interesting in light of the fact, that inhibitors of PLA(2) activity are known.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Krzystanek
- Department of Late Age Neurology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland.
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3
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish whether trimetazidine (TMZ) is capable of protecting astrocytes against hypoxic injury. Using the model of astrocyte cell culture we tried to observe the cells treated with TMZ before, during and after hypoxia simulated in vitro. Cell viability was determined by Live/Dead (viability/cytotoxicity) Assay Kit and MTT conversion test. Apoptotic cell death was distinguished by a method using fluorescence microscopy with Hoechst 33342. The effect of the drug on the DNA synthesis was evaluated by measuring the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA of astrocytes. TMZ stimulates the proliferation of astrocytes most significant one when the astrocytes are exposed to the drug in normoxia, hypoxia and/or re-oxygenation. Adding TMZ into cultures during re-oxygenation and hypoxial re-oxygenation significantly decreases the number of dead and apoptotic cells. Our experiment has proved that TMZ exerts the most significantly cytoprotective effect on astrocytes in vitro when added during hypoxia and/or re-oxygenation. We may conclude that the protective effect of TMZ depends on the sequence of drug adding and hypoxia/ re-oxygenation onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gabryel
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland.
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4
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Abstract
Astrocytes play an important role in the homeostasis of the CNS both in normal conditions and after ischemic injury. The swelling of astrocytes is observed during and several seconds after brain ischemia. Then ischemia stimulates sequential morphological and biochemical changes in glia and induces its proliferation. Reactive astrocytes demonstrate stellate morphology, increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity, increased number of mitochondria as well as elevated enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. Astrocytes can re-uptake and metabolize glutamate and in this way they control its extracellular concentration. The ability of astrocytes to protect neurons against the toxic action of free radicals depends on their specific energy metabolism, high glutathione level, increased antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) and overexpression of antiapoptotic bcl-2 gene. Astrocytes produce cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6) involved in the initiation and maintaining of immunological response in the CNS. In astrocytes, like in neurones, ischemia induces the expression of immediate early genes: c-fos, c-jun, fos B, jun B, jun D, Krox-24, NGFI-B and others. The protein products of these genes modulate the expression of different proteins, both destructive ones and those involved in the neuroprotective processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gabryel
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Medical University, Medyków 18 St., 40-752 Katowice, Poland.
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5
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Derdowska I, Prahl A, Neubert K, Hartrodt B, Kania A, Dobrowolski D, Melhem S, Trzeciak HI, Wierzba T, Lammek B. New analogues of bradykinin containing a conformationally restricted dipeptide fragment in their molecules. J Pept Res 2001; 57:11-8. [PMID: 11168884 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.2001.00811.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present paper describes the synthesis and some pharmacological properties of two new bradykinin analogues containing the ethylene-bridged dipeptide Phe-Phe in their molecules. In a further two peptides this modification was combined with acylation of the N-terminus with 1-adamantaneacetic acid. Finally, we synthesized four analogues by removing the Ser6 residue from the four peptides mentioned above. The activity of the new analogues was assayed on isolated rat uterus (RUT) and in rat blood pressure tests (BPT). The results clearly indicate that the proposed modification, alone or in combination with other changes, resulted in either a drop in antiuterotonic activity or even in conversion to an agonism. Although this tendency is not so distinct in blood pressure assays, the antagonistic potency of the new analogues is also diminished. Nevertheless, it was demonstrated that the D-amino acid in position 7 which, until recently, was considered necessary for antagonism, may be replaced, together with the amino acid occupying position 8, by a suitable, sterically restricted L,L-dipeptide unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Derdowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Poland
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6
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Sobocińska M, Lempicka E, Konieczna E, Derdowska I, Lammek B, Melhem S, Kozik W, Janecka J, Janecki M, Trzeciak HI. Analogues of arginine vasopressin modified in position 2 or 3 with naphthylalanine: selective antagonists of oxytocin in-vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:1105-12. [PMID: 11045891 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001775038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study we describe the synthesis and some pharmacological properties of six new analogues of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Five of the peptides were substituted in position 2 with L-1-naphthylalanine (L-1-Nal) or D-1-naphthylalanine (D-1-Nal); one had D-1-Nal in position 3. All analogues were tested in bioassays for pressor and antidiuretic activity. We also tested the uterotonic activity of the peptides in-vitro. Two of the new peptides were moderately potent V1a and oxytocin antagonists. The modifications proposed resulted in a drop or the removal of antidiuretic activity and in the removal of pressor activity, or conversion into moderate antagonists. Two peptides ([Mpa1, (L-1-Nal)2]AVP and [Mpal, (D-1-Nal)2]AVP) which appear not to interact with V1a and V2 receptors were exceptionally selective oxytocin antagonists in vitro. These compounds with selective oxytocin antagonistic activity may be promising candidates for the development of potential tocolytic agents for the prevention of pre-term labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sobocińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdañsk, Poland
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7
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Gabryel B, Pudełko A, Trzeciak HI, Cieślik P. Effect of nebracetam on content of high-energy phosphates and morphometry of rat astrocytes in vitro. Comparison with piracetam. Acta Pol Pharm 2000; 57:289-98. [PMID: 11126618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study was initiated to examine the effect of nebracetam, a nootropic drug, on various biochemical and morphometric parameters in order to gain some insight into the mechanism of this agent action. The content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PCr) and 3H-valine incorporation into proteins was measured and the morphometry was performed after nebracetam and piracetam treatment of rat astrocytes cultured in vitro with or without dibutyryl 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dBcAMP). Nootropics were added into the culture medium for 2 weeks at the final concentration of 10(-7) M. Cultured astrocytes treated with either nebracetam or piracetam showed decreased intracellular ATP and PCr levels. The addition of nebracetam and dBcAMP to cultures caused an increase of PCr content in astrocytes. The astrocytes treated with nebracetam showed a decrease in 3H-valine incorporation. The increase of 3H-valine incorporation into astrocytes after piracetam with dBcAMP treatment was found. Nootropic drugs change morphometric parameters (cell area, perimeter and form factor) of cultured astrocytes. It can be concluded that nootropics have differentiated influence on both the energetic metabolism and morphology of rat astrocytes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gabryel
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Medical University, 18 Medyków Str., 40-752 Katowice, Poland
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8
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Abstract
In this study, we evaluated 20 of our previously synthesized peptides on isolated rat uterus by Holton's procedure with minor modifications, and compared their activity with that assessed previously by their ability to inhibit vasodepressor response to exogenous bradykinin (BK) in conscious rats. We used [D-Arg(0), Hyp(3), Thi(5, 8), (D-Phe)(7)]BK, the B(2) antagonist of Vavrek and Stewart as a model when designing our analogs. We observed that, in the case of the rat uterus test, the activity of peptides modified by acylation of the N-terminus with various bulky groups depends substantially on the chemical character of the substituent. We also learned that, contrary to previous examples, acylation of the N-terminus of antagonists, which contain a sterically restricted fragment in the C-terminal part, may not improve their antagonistic potencies. Besides an improved characterization of a series BK analogs, our studies have provided new information on the structure-activity relationship, which in turn may be of value in the design of more potent and selective bradykinin antagonists. The results of our studies appear to support the hypothesis of others about the presence of different subtypes of B(2) receptors in rat uterus and blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I Trzeciak
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Medical University, 40-752, Katowice, Poland
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9
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Gabryel B, Trzeciak HI, Pudełko A, Cieślik P. Influence of piracetam and oxiracetam on the content of high-energy phosphates and morphometry of astrocytes in vitro. Pol J Pharmacol 1999; 51:485-95. [PMID: 10817526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The nootropic drugs, including piracetam (PIR) and oxiracetam (OXI) are used in the adjunctive treatment of dementia. They are thought to directly influence energetic processes in the brain and, therefore, they are supposed to improve memory and cognition. The content of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PCr) and 3H-valine incorporation into proteins were measured, and the morphometry was performed after PIR and OXI treatment of astrocytes cultured in vitro with or without dibutyryl 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dBcAMP). Nootropics were added into the culture medium for 2 weeks at a final concentration of 10(-7) M. It was shown that OXI increased ATP content in astrocytes cultured with or without dBcAMP. The increase in 3H-valine incorporation into astrocytes after PIR and OXI together with dBcAMP treatment was found. These results indicate that the presented research model allows to study energetic processes in cultured astrocytes. However, nootropic drugs changed morphometric parameters (cell area, perimeter and form factor) of cultured astrocytes as well. It can be concluded that PIR and OXI as nootropics have an opposing effect on the content of high-energy phosphates and shape of astrocytes in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gabryel
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
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10
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Lammek B, Czaja M, Derdowska I, Lempicka E, Sikora P, Szkróbka W, Trzeciak HI. Biologically active analogues of arginine vasopressin containing conformationally restricted dipeptide fragments. J Pept Res 1998; 51:149-54. [PMID: 9516050 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1998.tb00633.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study we described the synthesis and pharmacological properties of five new analogues of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Four of these analogues contained ethylene-bridged dipeptide Phe-Phe in positions 2 and 3; one had two N-Me-Phe residues. All new peptides were tested for vasopressor and antidiuretic activities. We also estimated the uterotonic activities of these compounds in vitro. Three analogues were highly potent V1-antagonists. One of them, namely [Cpa1,(Phe-Phe)2,3,Val4]AVP, which seemed to not interact with either V2 and oxytocic receptors, was outstandingly selective. It is interesting that the high antipressor potency of our second peptide, [(N-Me-Phe)2,3]AVP, was achieved without modification of position 1. Our results open new possibilities for the design of very potent and selective V1-antagonists of AVP.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lammek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdañsk, Poland.
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11
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Lammek B, Czaja M, Derdowska I, Rekowski P, Trzeciak HI, Sikora P, Szkróbka W, Stojko R, Kupryszewski G. Influence of L-naphthylalanine in position 3 of AVP and its analogues on their pharmacological properties. J Pept Res 1997; 49:261-8. [PMID: 9151259 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1997.tb00885.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis and pharmacological properties of two series of analogues: one which consists of three peptides having L-1-naphthylalanine in position 3 and the second composed of analogues substituted in position 3 with L-2-naphthylalanine. All peptides were tested in bioassays for pressor and antidiuretic activities. We also checked the uterotonic activity in vitro. We observed that the activity of counterparts in both series is, in two cases, strikingly different. One of the new analogues, [(L-2-Nal)3,(D-Arg)8]VP is among the most potent antagonists of the vasopressor response to AVP. Moreover, it is the first potent V1 antagonist devoid of antiuterotonic activity. This analogue was designed without modification of position 1, which was previously thought to be essential for substantial pressor antagonism. Two other peptides, [Mpa1;(L-2-Nal)3;(D-Arg)8]VP and [Mpa1,(L-1-Nal)3,D-Arg)8]VP, are highly potent V2 agonists. The second analogue is highly selective. With the exception of [(L-2-Nal)3]AVP, which showed weak antioxytocic activity, (L-Nal)3 modification resulted in the almost complete removal of interaction of our analogues with oxytocic receptors in vitro. Our results suggest that position 3 in AVP and its analogues is important not only for binding and recognition as previously though, but also for pressor, antidiuretic and uterotonic activities. We also assume that the hindering effect caused by bulky naphthyl moiety has a significant impact on the bioactive conformations of molecules which contain Nal residue, and can thus influence their interaction with V1, V2 and oxytocic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lammek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gdañsk, Poland.
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12
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Abstract
1. The antiatherosclerotic activity of dihydropyridines (DHP), potent calcium antagonists, was studied with respect to prevention of hypercontractility of perfused rat tail arteries. 2. Used for 1 month, atherogenic diet increased pressor responses to norepinephrine (NE) in Ca(2+)-free physiological salt solution (PSS), and PSS containing Ca(2+). 3. When nifedipine (NIF) or nitrendipine (NIT) was administered simultaneously with an atherogenic diet, the contractile activity of NE in Ca(2+)-free PSS was attenuated. Moreover, vasoconstrictor responses to NE in PSS containing Ca2+ were inhibited after 1-month treatment with NIT and nimodipine (NIM). 4. NIF, NIT and NIM prevented atherosclerosis-induced vascular hyperreactivity to alpha-adrenoceptor agonists in rat tail artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Okopién
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Katowice, Poland
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13
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Lammek B, Konieczna E, Trzeciak HI, Kozłowski A, Szymkowiak J, Stojko R, Kupryszewski G. Surprising pharmacological activity of analogues designed by substitution of position 3 in arginine vasopressin (AVP) and 8-D-arginine vasopressin with L-2-napthylalanine. J Pharm Pharmacol 1996; 48:316-9. [PMID: 8737061 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb05924.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to develop more active and selective analogues of arginine vasopressin (AVP), two peptides have been designed, synthesized and tested for vasopressor (V1-receptors) and antidiuretic (V2-receptors) activities. We also estimated the uterotonic and anti-uterotonic activities of these compounds in-vitro. The first peptide, [(L-2-Nal)3] AVP is a highly active V2-agonist. The second analogue, [(L-2-Nal)3, (D-Arg)R]VP is among the most potent antagonists of the vasopressor response to AVP. Moreover, it is the first V1-antagonist devoid of anti-uterotonic activity. High antipressor potency of the second peptide was achieved without modification of position 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lammek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Poland
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Trzeciak HI, Pudełko A, Gabryel B, Małecki A, Kozłowski A, Ciesślik P. Effect of antidepressants on ATP content, 3H-valine incorporation and cell morphometry of astrocytes cultured from rat brain. Dev Neurosci 1995; 17:292-9. [PMID: 8829918 DOI: 10.1159/000111299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP is a potential marker of cell vialibility and growth. The content of ATP and 3H-valine incorporation into proteins were measured and the morphometry was performed after antidepressant treatment of astrocytes cultured in vitro with or without dibutyryl 3'5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dB-cAMP). Antidepressants were added into the culture medium (for 24 h) at a final concentration of 10(-4)M (imipramine, amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepine, mianserin) or 10(-5)M (maprotiline). It was shown that all antidepressants except maprotiline and imipramine increased ATP level and decreased 3H-valine incorporation into astrocytes. All drugs except clomipramine and maprotiline, diminished cell area and perimeter of astrocytes. The addition of dB-cAMP to cultures caused an increase of astrocyte form factor. It can be concluded that antidepressants have a significant effect on energy metabolism and differentiation of astrocytes cultured in vitro.
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Abstract
The effect of neuroleptics on phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in rat brain plasma membranes was studied. Chlorpromazine (10 mg/kg), fluphenazine (5 mg/kg), thioridazine (5 mg/kg), trifluoperazine (5 mg/kg), haloperidol (2 mg/kg), and sulpiride (100 mg/kg) were administered to rats intraperitoneally as a single dose or long-term treatment (4 weeks). The PLA2 activity was determined 24, 48, and 72 h after the last injection of a drug. The enzyme activity was decreased after a single or 4-week administration of chlorpromazine, trifluoperazine, haloperidol, and sulpiride. Fluphenazine and thioridazine caused an increase of PLA2 activity in rat brain both after a single dose and long-term administration. For the first time it was shown that neuroleptics cannot only inhibit but also increase, PLA2 activity. Elucidation of this fact requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I Trzeciak
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Katowice-Ligota, Poland
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Gabryel B, Trzeciak HI. Nootropics: pharmacological properties and therapeutic use. Pol J Pharmacol 1994; 46:383-94. [PMID: 7894524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the results of studies investigating the pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical effects of nootropic drugs, and tries to integrate this knowledge in order to identify neuronal mechanisms underlying their therapeutic benefits and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gabryel
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Katowice, Poland
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Abstract
Bezafibrate, a potent hypolipidemic agent, was studied as potentially preventive in the atherosclerosis-associated vascular hyperresponsiveness to alpha-adrenoceptors agonists in rats. Contractile responses to norepinephrine (NE) were determined in isolated tail arteries of rats fed an atherogenic or a standard diet. Atherogenic diet was biochemically confirmed to induce hypercholesterolemia. Used for 1 month, atherogenic diet increased pressor responses to NE in physiologic salt solution (PSS) and Ca(2+)-free PSS. When bezafibrate (100 mg/kg orally, p.o.) was administered simultaneously with atherogenic diet for 1 month, the effect was inhibited, but bezafibrate administered from day 15 of our experiment had no effect on vasoconstrictor responses to NE. Bezafibrate prevented changes in contractile responses of rat tail artery in the early stages of atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I Trzeciak
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian School of Medicine, Katowice, Poland
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Trzeciak HI, Grzesik J, Bortel M, Kuśka R, Duda D, Michnik J, Małecki A. Behavioral effects of long-term exposure to magnetic fields in rats. Bioelectromagnetics 1993; 14:287-97. [PMID: 8216385 DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250140402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Male rats and pregnant and nonpregnant female rats of the Wistar strain were sham-exposed or exposed to static (0.49 T) or to extremely low frequency (50 Hz) magnetic fields (0.018 T) 2 h per day for 20 consecutive days. Measures of irritability, exploratory activity, and locomotion were made in that order before and after the 4th, 10th, and 17th 2-h exposures. A reliable decrease in the irritability of rats after repeated exposure to a static or undulating field was found. No significant effects of treatment conditions on open-field behavior and locomotor activity were observed. Pregnancy had no influence on the behavioral end points. These results indicate that irritability of rats may be used as a simple behavioral indicant of mammalian sensitivity to magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I Trzeciak
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Katowice, Poland
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Małecki A, Małecka E, Trzeciak HI. [Gangliosides in neurological pharmacotherapy]. Neurol Neurochir Pol 1992; 26:695-701. [PMID: 1291908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides take part in synaptic transmission, neuronal metabolism and development of nervous tissue. They cooperate with nerve growth factor (NGF) and have positive influence on regeneration of the nervous system impairments. There exist many behavioural and biochemical evidences of gangliosides participation in the regeneration of experimentally injured animal nervous system. The therapeutic effectivity of gangliosides in clinical practice is encouraging. Commercial preparates of gangliosides (Cronassial, Sygen) have been successfully used in the therapy of chronic neuropathies, strokes and subarachnoidal haemorrhages. Among the adverse reactions to these drugs are: local irritation, anxiety and possible detrimental effect in immunological system. Ganglioside preparations need further clinical examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Małecki
- Zakładu Farmakologii Katedry Farmakologii Slaskiej Akademii Medycznej, Katowicach
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20
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Okopień B, Lubkowska L, Grzonka Z, Trzeciak HI. Vascular action of natural vasopressin-like peptides in isolated rat tail artery. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1992; 44:173-7. [PMID: 1409117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The literature data regarding the vasoconstriction potency of natural vasopressin-like peptides are contradictory. The cumulative concentration-response curve for arginine-vasopressin (AVP), lysine-vasopressin (LVP), arginine-vasotocin (AVT), lysine-vasotocin (LVT) and phenypressin (PHP) on the isolated rat tail artery was determined. The potency rank of these peptides on the vascular smooth muscle of the rat tail artery was the following: AVP greater than LVP greater than AVT = LVT greater than PHP. The results are discussed in comparison to the data in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Okopień
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Katowice-Ligota, Poland
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Trzeciak HI, Okopień B. Effect of fenofibrate on the tail artery contraction of rats fed with an atherogenic diet. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 1992; 75:49-56. [PMID: 1626126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The feeding of rats by an atherogenic diet for 4 weeks modified the postsynaptic effect of noradrenaline in the perfused rat tail artery. When fenofibrate (100 mg/kg p.o.) was administered simultaneously, with an atherogenic diet, at the first onset of the experiment this effect was completely inhibited, while when it was administered from the 15th day of the experiment it had no effect on vasoconstrictor responses to noradrenaline. The atherogenic diet decreased the contraction of the rat tail artery at the lower concentrations (3 x 10(-8) - 3 x 10(-7) M) and increased vasoconstrictor response to a maximal concentration (10(-5) M) of noradrenaline. These results suggest that fenofibrate can prevent the changes in the contractile profile of an isolated atherogenic rat tail artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H I Trzeciak
- Department of Pharmacology, Silesian Academy of Medicine, Katowice-Ligota, Poland
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Herman ZS, Trzeciak HI, Kowalski J, Obuchowicz E, Huzarska M. The effect of chronic administration of dopaminergic blocking drugs on the level of enkephalins in the striatum and behavior of rats. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1991; 43:421-32. [PMID: 1688094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z S Herman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Silesian School of Medicine, Katowice, Poland
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Herman ZS, Brus R, Sokoła A, Szkilnik R, Kmieciak-Kołada K, Zieliński M, Stańda J, Trzeciak HI. Basic pharmacological properties of a novel antiinflammatory drug tryptamide. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1987; 39:729-36. [PMID: 2972998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In rats and mice the basic pharmacological properties of tryptamide (TRP), a novel antiinflammatory substance were studied. The LD50 doses were for male rats 1260 mg/kg ip or 8.5 g/kg po, for male mice: 1980 mg/kg ip or 9.3 g/kg po. TRP produced evident antiinflammatory effects of potency comparable with those of phenylbutazone when studied by means of carrageenin-induced rat paw oedema and prostaglandin synthetase activity in vitro. TRP reversed pyrogen-induced hyperthermia in rats, elicited analgesic effects in rats, but not in mice, prolonged the time of hexobarbital sleep in rats and inhibited locomotor activity in rats and mice. TRP has not elicited side effects on the circulatory system of rats and cats. It is concluded that TRP may undergo clinical trials as a potential antiinflammatory drug. During these trials the attention should be paid to possible central side effects the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z S Herman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Silesian Medical Academy, Katowice-Ligota
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Trzeciak HI, Janas P, Herman ZS. Effects of chronic oral administration of imipramine in the rat forced swimming test. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1986; 38:179-83. [PMID: 3748889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Male Wistar rats were treated with imipramine hydrochloride (IMI) in a dose of 2 or 10 mg/kg/24 h in drinking water for 2 weeks, 1, 3 or 6 months. Two or 72 h after the final treatment forced swimming test was performed. It was shown that 2 h after the final dose of 10 mg/kg of IMI the immobility time was reduced following a period of 1-6 month treatment but not after 2 weeks of IMI administration. The dose of 2 mg/kg of IMI has not changed this type of behavior at any time after IMI treatment. After 24 h IMI (2 or 10 mg/kg) decreased the immobility of rats. This paper presents for the first time that also after long-term treatment with IMI the evident effect on the time of immobility in the rat forced swimming test occurs.
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Abstract
Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg of protriptyline according to one of the following schedules: a single dose or daily for 4 days (short-term), or daily for 2 or 13 weeks (long-term). Total lipid, total phospholipid, and individual phospholipid contents in the brain were determined. Further, the incorporation of 32P into individual phospholipids in vivo and the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylethanolamine in the brains of rats treated with protriptyline for 13 weeks were studied. Three alternative phases of changes of total and individual phospholipid contents in the brain during 13 weeks of experimentation were distinguished. An increase of phospholipid contents after 4 days, a decrease after 2 weeks, and a further increase after 13 weeks of protriptyline administration were found. However, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid levels after 13 weeks of protriptyline administration were diminished. The decrease of specific radioactivity of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylserine and the increase of phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, and sphingomyelin in rats treated with the drug for a longer period of time were noted. No greater differences in fatty acid composition of phosphatidylethanolamine in the brains of the same group of rats were observed as compared to control. These results indicate that during long-term treatment with protriptyline the contents of lipids and phospholipids in rat brain are altered. The modification of the biological function of phospholipids in brain cell membranes is suggested.
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Trzeciak HI. [Role of phospholipids in chemical neurotransmission]. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 1983; 37:431-48. [PMID: 6145150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Trzeciak HI. Metabolism of rat brain phospholipids after prolonged treatment with psychotropic drugs. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1980; 32:319-26. [PMID: 6116233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Adult and newborn rats were treated with psychotropic drugs: neuroleptics (fluphenazine, benperidol, pimozide, thiotixen), an ataractic (oxazepam) and an anti-depressant (protriptyline) for periods up to one year or longer. The body weight was monitored, and brain weight, total cerebral lipid content, content of individual phospholipids, incorporation of 32P into individual phospholipids, and the fatty acids composition of phosphatidylethanolamine were measured. The prolonged treatment with neuroleptics and an antidepressant, but not with oxazepam, produced profound, often biphasic or multiphasic changes in the biochemistry of phospholipids. These changes should be taken into account in discussion of the mechanism of action and side-effects of prolonged treatment with antidepressants and neuroleptics.
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Herman ZS, Szczurek Z, Wazna-Boguńska C, Trzeciak HI. [Neuropathological changes in rat brain following long-term treatment with neuroleptics, oxazepam and protryptyline]. Neuropatol Pol 1978; 16:533-45. [PMID: 32501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Szczurek Z, Smigla K, Ciołkosz I, Bober A, Głab J, Trzeciak HI, Herman ZS. [Pathomorphological changes in rat internal organs following long-term administration of neuroleptics]. Patol Pol 1978; 29:347-58. [PMID: 33362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Fojt E, Trzeciak HI. [Anti-doping control in the light of our experiences]. Pol Tyg Lek 1977; 32:2075-9. [PMID: 604981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
The withdrawal of oxazepam (5 mg/kg i.p.) applied for 1 year in rats, increased shock-induced aggression of animals. This phenomenon is interpreted as a sign of abstinence and suggests that long-term treatment causes dependence to oxazepam in rats.
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Pojda SM, Trzeciak HI, Plech A. The effect of long-term administration of adrenaline, metanephrine and propranolol on the triphasic intestinal reaction on adrenaline in the rat. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1975; 27:613-7. [PMID: 1208234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect 6 weeks long treatment of rats with L-adrenaline (1 mg/kg sc), D,L-metanephrine (20 mg/kg sc) and D-propranolol (10 mg/kg po) on isolated ileum triphasic reaction on adrenaline was studied. Adrenaline and metanephrine increased the sensitivity of relaxation response and decreased the contraction phase of smooth muscle to adrenaline. In the contrary propranolol decreased relaxation and increased contraction phase of triphasic reaction. The results presented by us support our previous suggestion that the triphasic intestinal reaction on adrenaline is related to extraneuronal accumulation of catecholamines.
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Plech A, Trzeciak HI, Sokola A, Herman ZS, Zawisza T. Acute toxicity and the influence of some undecane, cyclopentylpentane and pyridine alpha- and beta-carboxylic acid derivatives on the increased hyperlipemia in rats. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1975; 27:399-404. [PMID: 1166020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute toxicity and hypolipaemic properties of 17 new compounds were studied in the tyloxapol test. Out of these, sodium salts of 1-chloro-2,6,10-trimethylundecane-1-carboxylic acid (I-2) and of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-5 (2(2),2(2),3(2)-trimethylcyclopenten-3(2)yl)-pent-3-en-1-carboxylic acid (V) have hypolipemic activity.
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Trzeciak HI, Lenartowicz H, Herman ZS. The effect of the chronic L-adrenaline, D, L-metanephrine and L-thyroxine administration on the MAO activity in rat's brain. Pol J Pharmacol Pharm 1974; 26:587-90. [PMID: 4445050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Trzeciak HI. Biochemical and morphological alterations induced by long-term administration of epinephrine, metanephrine and thyroxine in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1973; 25:315-22. [PMID: 4728067 DOI: 10.1016/0041-008x(73)90305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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