Suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production and neutrophil infiltration during ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver after heat shock preconditioning

BACKGROUND/AIMS

Heat shock preconditioning provides the liver with ischemic tolerance. In this study we examined the effects of heat shock preconditioning on hepatic nonparenchymal cells in light of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production and neutrophil infiltration.

METHODS

Rats were exposed to heat shock pretreatment at 42 degrees C in the heat shock group (group HS) and at 37 degrees C in the control group (group C). After a 48-h recovery, the left hepatic lobes were given a 90-min ischemia and reperfused. Plasma concentrations of TNF-alpha, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured. Liver tissues were checked for the presence of TNF-alpha mRNA. Histological staining for CINC and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) was also evaluated.

RESULTS

In group HS, plasma TNF-alpha levels were significantly more suppressed than in group C (P<0.0001). Expressions of TNF-alpha mRNA in the liver was suppressed in group HS. Production of CINC 2 h after reperfusion was reduced in group HS (P<0.05). PMN infiltration was significantly reduced in group HS (P<0.01). In group HS, liver histology revealed less cellular damage and the plasma level of ALT was significantly reduced (P<0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

Heat shock preconditioning suppressed the production of TNF-alpha and CINC in the liver during reperfusion and consequently reduced neutrophil infiltration.

In situ pedicle resection in left trisegmentectomy of the liver combined with reconstruction of the right hepatic vein to an inferior vena caval segment transpositioned from the infrahepatic portion

A combination of an in situ pedicle resection of the liver and a hepatic vein reconstruction using a cranially transpositioned segment of the IVC after implantation of an ePTFE graft at the missing IVC was useful in treating a patient who suffered from a huge liver tumor involving all of the hepatic venous confluence and the IVC. Although early tumor recurrence remains an unresolved problem for such patients, a surgical approach is feasible. This technique can be justified as a therapeutic modality, not only because it improves quality of life, but also because it provides patients with an opportunity for additional treatment.

Pharmacological hepatic preconditioning: involvement of 70-kDa heat shock proteins (HSP72 and HSP73) in ischaemic tolerance after intravenous administration of doxorubicin

BACKGROUND

Pharmacological preconditioning may induce a stress response which protects liver against ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The aim of this study was to determine, in an animal model, whether intravenous administration of doxorubicin induces heat shock proteins (HSPs) in liver tissue and facilitates liver tolerance to subsequent warm IRI.

METHODS

Male Wistar rats were used. Production of HSPs was determined in liver tissue sequentially after the injection of doxorubicin 1 mg/kg body-weight. Acquisition of tolerance for 30 min warm ischaemia and reperfusion of the liver was determined in animals pretreated (48 h beforehand) with doxorubicin, and in controls. Biochemical liver function and liver adenine nucleotide concentration 40 min after reperfusion and survival rate at 7 days after the ischaemic insult were recorded.

RESULTS

Expression of HSP72 and HSP73 in the liver was confirmed 48 h after doxorubicin administration. Biochemical parameters and survival rates were significantly better in pretreated animals than in controls.

CONCLUSION

These results indicate that doxorubicin has the potential to provide the liver with tolerance against IRI. A simultaneous increase of both HSP72 and HSP73 in liver tissue may explain the acquisition of tolerance following the administration of doxorubicin.

[A case of idiopathic esophageal perforation (Boerhaave's syndrome)]

76 year-old man was transferred to emergency room because of severe epigastralgia and dyspnea. He was well until 5 hours before admission, when he suddenly felt severe epigastralgia followed by vomiting. He was found to be in warm shock state. Chest X-ray film showed dilation of mediastinum, pneumo mediastinum, left pleural effusion and subcutaneous emphysema, which were consistent with esophageal perforation. Esophageal contrast study was diagnostic. Emergency operation was performed in which rupture of the lowest esophagus causing remarkable mediastinitis and pleuritis was observed. Esophageal tear was primarily closed and chest drains were placed. Despite severe post-operative complications, he was discharged with recovery 5 months later.