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Islam MA, Nisa ZU, Almuzel AI, Al Afif HS, Al Rabia LH, Iqbal MS, Ishaqui AA, Iqbal MZ, Hossain MA, Haseeb A, Jamshed S, Naqvi AA, Kripalani S. Concurrent validity of the Arabic version of General Medication Adherence Scale using two validated indirect adherences measures in Saudi patients with non-communicable diseases. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:874-878. [PMID: 34408547 PMCID: PMC8363103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity of the Arabic version of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS) using two validated scales namely Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) and Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) in Saudi patients with non-communicable diseases. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted for 2 months in out-patient departments at a tertiary care hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The study collected data from patients with chronic illnesses through convenience sampling. Pearson correlation (ρ) was conducted to report concurrent validity of GMAS. A correlation coefficient value ≥ 0.5 with p-value < 0.01 was considered threshold for establishing concurrent validity. The study was approved by an ethics committee (IRB-2019–05-002). Results A total of 406 patients responded to the study. The average age was 42.4 ± 5.94 years, and most patients were females (53.7%), married (70%), graduates (65.3%), employed (39.9%) and, had a monthly family income > SAR 10,000, i.e., USD 2666.2 (56.4%). The mean adherence scores obtained from MARS, ARMS and GMAS were 7.09, 19.9, and 27.4. The correlation (ρ) between GMAS and MARS scores was 0.65, and between GMAS and ARMS scores was −0.79, p < 0.01 for both comparisons. Conclusion The concurrent validity of GMAS-AR was established in this study that would further substantiate psychometric properties of the scale in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraful Islam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeb-Un- Nisa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Isa Almuzel
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Sadiq Al Afif
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Hussain Al Rabia
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Athar Ishaqui
- Department of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz Hospital, National Guard Health Authority, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Akbar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Jamshed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, uniSZA, Kuala Terranganu, Malaysia.,Qualitative Research-Methodological Application in Health Sciences Research Group, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunil Kripalani
- Center for Clinical Quality and Implementation Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Islam MA, Al-karasneh AF, Rizvi M, Nisa ZU, Albakheet AM, Alshagawi MA, Iqbal MS, Almuzel AI, Al Afif HS, Mahmoud MA, Mohamed Ibrahim AA, Hossain MA, Maqsood MB, Naqvi AA, Haseeb A, Jamshed S. Prevalence, reasons, and determinants of dietary supplements use among undergraduate female students of health and non-health colleges in a Saudi public university. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247295. [PMID: 33657129 PMCID: PMC7928447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to gather data from female students studying in both health and non-health colleges at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University and report the prevalence, reasons, and determinants of dietary supplements use. Methods A month-long cross-sectional study was conducted in health and non-health colleges affiliated to Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Convenient sampling was employed, and the data was gathered through an online survey using the English and Arabic versions of the Dietary Supplement Questionnaire (DSQ). The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 and Medcalc. The study was approved by an ethics committee. Results Data from 545 participants was collected. The overall prevalence of dietary supplement use was 32.7% (95% CI: 29.06%– 36.51%). The prevalence was 29.77% (95% CI: 25.29%– 34.56%) among students at all health colleges combined and, it was 37.50% (95% CI: 31.36%– 43.96%) among students at all non-health colleges. Most students used a brand product, spent a monthly cost of SAR 286 (USD 76.3) on supplements and agreed that supplements were good for health (N = 392, 71.9%). Students from non-health- colleges agreed that dietary supplements are good for health in greater numbers as compared to non-health college students (p < 0.001). Students aged ≥ 20 years, studying in a non-health college and up to 3rd year of study, were more 2 times more likely to agree that dietary supplements are good for health. Conclusion Supplements were commonly used among female students at this university however, it was quite low as compared to students from other local and regional universities. Prevalence was higher in non-health colleges as compared to health colleges and the most commonly used supplements were brand products and, multivitamins, used for general health and well-being. This highlights the inclination of students towards supplement use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ashraful Islam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Aseel Fuad Al-karasneh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehwish Rizvi
- Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zeb-Un Nisa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Majed Albakheet
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alshagawi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Isa Almuzel
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Sadiq Al Afif
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Adam Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alnada Abdalla Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacy practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohammad Akbar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal Maqsood
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Al Ahsa, Saudia Arabia
- Swiss Business School, Kloten, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmacy, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, AlAhsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin AbdulAziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shazia Jamshed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, UniSZA, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
- Qualitative Research-Methodological Application in Health Sciences Research Group, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
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