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Bozal-Leorri A, Subbarao GV, Kishii M, Urmeneta L, Kommerell V, Karwat H, Braun HJ, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Ortiz-Monasterio I, González-Murua C, González-Moro MB. Biological nitrification inhibitor-trait enhances nitrogen uptake by suppressing nitrifier activity and improves ammonium assimilation in two elite wheat varieties. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1034219. [PMID: 36438125 PMCID: PMC9695736 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1034219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic nitrification inhibitors (SNI) and biological nitrification inhibitors (BNI) are promising tools to limit nitrogen (N) pollution derived from agriculture. Modern wheat cultivars lack sufficient capacity to exude BNIs, but, fortunately, the chromosome region (Lr#n-SA) controlling BNI production in Leymus racemosus, a wild relative of wheat, was introduced into two elite wheat cultivars, ROELFS and MUNAL. Using BNI-isogenic-lines could become a cost-effective, farmer-friendly, and globally scalable technology that incentivizes more sustainable and environmentally friendly agronomic practices. We studied how BNI-trait improves N-uptake, and N-use, both with ammonium and nitrate fertilization, analysing representative indicators of soil nitrification inhibition, and plant metabolism. Synthesizing BNI molecules did not mean a metabolic cost since Control and BNI-isogenic-lines from ROELFS and MUNAL presented similar agronomic performance and plant development. In the soil, ROELFS-BNI and MUNAL-BNI plants decreased ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) abundance by 60% and 45% respectively, delaying ammonium oxidation without reducing the total abundance of bacteria or archaea. Interestingly, BNI-trait presented a synergistic effect with SNIs since made it also possible to decrease the AOA abundance. ROELFS-BNI and MUNAL-BNI plants showed a reduced leaf nitrate reductase (NR) activity as a consequence of lower soil NO 3 - formation and a higher amino acid content compared to BNI-trait lacking lines, indicating that the transfer of Lr#-SA was able to induce a higher capacity to assimilate ammonium. Moreover, the impact of the BNI-trait in wheat cultivars was also noticeable for nitrate fertilization, with improved N absorption, and therefore, reducing soil nitrate content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Bozal-Leorri
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Guntur V. Subbarao
- Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kishii
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Leyre Urmeneta
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Víctor Kommerell
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Hannes Karwat
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Hans-Joachim Braun
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Pedro Mª Aparicio-Tejo
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iván Ortiz-Monasterio
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Mª Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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Reynolds MP, Lewis JM, Ammar K, Basnet BR, Crespo-Herrera L, Crossa J, Dhugga KS, Dreisigacker S, Juliana P, Karwat H, Kishii M, Krause MR, Langridge P, Lashkari A, Mondal S, Payne T, Pequeno D, Pinto F, Sansaloni C, Schulthess U, Singh RP, Sonder K, Sukumaran S, Xiong W, Braun HJ. Harnessing translational research in wheat for climate resilience. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:5134-5157. [PMID: 34139769 PMCID: PMC8272565 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite being the world's most widely grown crop, research investments in wheat (Triticum aestivum and Triticum durum) fall behind those in other staple crops. Current yield gains will not meet 2050 needs, and climate stresses compound this challenge. However, there is good evidence that heat and drought resilience can be boosted through translating promising ideas into novel breeding technologies using powerful new tools in genetics and remote sensing, for example. Such technologies can also be applied to identify climate resilience traits from among the vast and largely untapped reserve of wheat genetic resources in collections worldwide. This review describes multi-pronged research opportunities at the focus of the Heat and Drought Wheat Improvement Consortium (coordinated by CIMMYT), which together create a pipeline to boost heat and drought resilience, specifically: improving crop design targets using big data approaches; developing phenomic tools for field-based screening and research; applying genomic technologies to elucidate the bases of climate resilience traits; and applying these outputs in developing next-generation breeding methods. The global impact of these outputs will be validated through the International Wheat Improvement Network, a global germplasm development and testing system that contributes key productivity traits to approximately half of the global wheat-growing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Janet M Lewis
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Karim Ammar
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Bhoja R Basnet
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | | | - José Crossa
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Kanwarpal S Dhugga
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | | | - Philomin Juliana
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Hannes Karwat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Masahiro Kishii
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Margaret R Krause
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond SA 5064, Australia
- Wheat Initiative, Julius Kühn-Institute, Königin-Luise-Str. 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Azam Lashkari
- CIMMYT-Henan Collaborative Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Suchismita Mondal
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Thomas Payne
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Diego Pequeno
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Francisco Pinto
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Carolina Sansaloni
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Urs Schulthess
- CIMMYT-Henan Collaborative Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Ravi P Singh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Kai Sonder
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
| | | | - Wei Xiong
- CIMMYT-Henan Collaborative Innovation Center, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Hans J Braun
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
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Karwat H. Hydrogen mitigation in steel shell containments of pressurized water reactors / Wasserstoffbeherrschung in Stahlschalen-Containments von Druckwasserreaktoren. KERNTECHNIK 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/kern-1994-594-511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Karwat H. The contribution of international standard problem activities to containment code validation / Der Beitrag internationaler Standardproblemaktivitäten zur Validierung von Rechenprogrammen für Sicherheitsbehälter. KERNTECHNIK 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/kern-1990-550617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Egenolf K, Conrad J, Schöne J, Braunberger C, Beifuß U, Walker F, Nuñez J, Arango J, Karwat H, Cadisch G, Neumann G, Rasche F. Brachialactone isomers and derivatives of Brachiaria humidicola reveal contrasting nitrification inhibiting activity. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 154:491-497. [PMID: 32663650 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biological Nitrification Inhibition (BNI) of Brachiaria humidicola has been mainly attributed to the root-exuded fusicoccane-type diterpene brachialactone. We hypothesized, however, that according to the high diversity of fusicoccanes described for plants and microorganisms, BNI of B. humidicola is caused by an assemblage of bioactive fusicoccanes. B. humidicola root exudates were collected hydroponically and compounds isolated by semi-preparative HPLC. Chemical structures were revealed by spectroscopic techniques, including HRMS as well as 1D and 2D NMR. Nitrification inhibiting (NI) potential of isolated compounds was evaluated by a Nitrosomonas europaea based bioassay. Besides the previously described brachialactone (1), root exudates contained 3-epi-brachialactone (2), the C3-epimer of 1 (m/z 334), as well as 16-hydroxy-3-epi-brachialactone (3) with an additional hydroxyl group at C16 (m/z 350) and 3,18-epoxy-9-hydroxy-4,7-seco-brachialactone (4), which is a ring opened brachialactone derivative with a 3,18 epoxide ring and a hydroxyl group at C9 (m/z 332). The 3-epi-brachialactone (2) showed highest NI activity (ED50 ~ 20 μg mL-1, ED80 ~ 40 μg mL-1), followed by compound 4 with intermediate (ED50 ~ 40 μg mL-1), brachialactone (1) with low and compound 3 without activity. In coherence with previous reports on fusicoccanes, stereochemistry at C3 was of high relevance for the biological activity (NI potential) of brachialactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Egenolf
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany; The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jürgen Conrad
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Schöne
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Beifuß
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Walker
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jonathan Nuñez
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jacobo Arango
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Hannes Karwat
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany; The Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A, 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Georg Cadisch
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Günter Neumann
- Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Rasche
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Karwat H, Sparke MA, Rasche F, Arango J, Nuñez J, Rao I, Moreta D, Cadisch G. Nitrate reductase activity in leaves as a plant physiological indicator of in vivo biological nitrification inhibition by Brachiaria humidicola. Plant Physiol Biochem 2019; 137:113-120. [PMID: 30772621 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tropical forage grass Brachiaria humidicola (Bh) controls soil microbial nitrification via biological nitrification inhibition (BNI). The aim of our study was to verify if nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in Bh roots or leaves reflects in vivo performance of BNI in soils. NRA was measured in roots and leaves of contrasting accessions and apomictic hybrids of Bh grown under controlled greenhouse and natural field conditions. Nitrate (NO3-) contents were measured in soil solution and in Bh stem sap to validate NRA data. Potential soil nitrification rates (NRs) and leaf δ15N values were used to verify in vivo BNI by the NRA assay in the field study. NRA was detected in Bh leaves rather than roots, regardless of NO3- availability. NRA correlated with NO3- contents in soils and stem sap of contrasting Bh genotypes substantiating its reflectance of in vivo BNI performance. Additionally, leaf NRA data from the field study significantly correlated with simultaneously collected NRs and leaf δ15N data. The leaf NRA assay facilitated a rapid screening of contrasting Bh genotypes for their differences in in vivo performance of BNI under field and greenhouse conditions, but inconsistency of the BNI potential by Bh germplasm was observed. Among Bh genotypes tested, leaf NRA was closely linked with nitrification activity, and consequently with actual BNI performance. It was concluded that NRA in leaves of Bh can serve as an indicator of in vivo BNI activity when complemented with established BNI methodologies (δ15N, NRs) under greenhouse and field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Karwat
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany; International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A. 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Marc-André Sparke
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Rasche
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jacobo Arango
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A. 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jonathan Nuñez
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A. 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Idupulapati Rao
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A. 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Danilo Moreta
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira, A.A. 6713, Cali, Colombia
| | - Georg Cadisch
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Karwat H, Egenolf K, Nuñez J, Rao I, Rasche F, Arango J, Moreta D, Arevalo A, Cadisch G. Low 15N Natural Abundance in Shoot Tissue of Brachiaria humidicola Is an Indicator of Reduced N Losses Due to Biological Nitrification Inhibition (BNI). Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2383. [PMID: 30349516 PMCID: PMC6186998 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The tropical forage grass Brachiaria humidicola (Bh) suppresses the activity of soil nitrifiers through biological nitrification inhibition (BNI). As a result, nitrate (NO 3 - ) formation and leaching are reduced which is also expected to tighten the soil nitrogen (N) cycle. However, the beneficial relationship between reducedNO 3 - losses and enhanced N uptake due to BNI has not been experimentally demonstrated yet. Nitrification discriminates against the 15N isotope and leads to 15N depletedNO 3 - , but 15N enrichedNH 4 + in soils. Leaching of 15N depletedNO 3 - enriches the residual N pool in the soil with 15N. We hypothesized that altered nitrification andNO 3 - leaching due to diverging BNI magnitudes in contrasting Bh genotypes influence soil 15N natural abundance (δ15N), which in turn is reflected in distinct δ15N in Bh shoot biomass. Consequently, high BNI was expected to be reflected in low plant δ15N of Bh. It was our objective to investigate under controlled conditions the link between shoot value of δ15N in several Bh genotypes and leachedNO 3 - amounts and shoot N uptake. Additionally, plant 15N and N% was monitored among a wide range of Bh genotypes with contrasting BNI potentials in field plots for 3 years. We measured leaf δ15N of young leaves (regrown after cutback) of Bh and combined it with nitrification rates (NRs) of incubated soil to test whether there is a direct relationship between plant δ15N and BNI. Increased leachedNO 3 - was positively correlated with higher δ15N in Bh, whereas the correlation between shoot N uptake and shoot δ15N was inverse. Field cultivation of a wide range of Bh genotypes over 3 years decreased NRs in incubated soil, while shoot δ15N declined and shoot N% increased over time. Leaf δ15N of Bh genotypes correlated positively with NRs of incubated soil. It was concluded that decreasing plant δ15N of Bh genotypes over time reflects the long-term effect of BNI as linked to lowerNO 3 - formation and reducedNO 3 - leaching. Accordingly, a low δ15N in Bh shoot tissue verified its potential as indicator of high BNI activity of Bh genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Karwat
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Konrad Egenolf
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Jonathan Nuñez
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Idupulapati Rao
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Frank Rasche
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jacobo Arango
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Danilo Moreta
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Ashly Arevalo
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Georg Cadisch
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Ginsberg T, Jones OC, Chen JC, Deuber H, Wilhelm JG, Lorenz RA, Collins JL, Malinauskas AP, Pyun JJ, Williams KA, Cartmill CE, Arros J, Pitts JH, McCauley EW, Leadon RE, Lurie NA, Dhir VK, Kastenberg WE, Varela DW, Renard A, Evrard G, Wehmann U, Wadkins RP, Ambrosek RG, Young MW, Yeh HC, Dodge CE, Hochreiter LE, Segev A, Henry RE, Bankoff SG, Diamond DJ, Cheng HS, Vandenberg C, Bonet H, Charlier A, Motte F, Luxat JC, Frescura GM, Bhattacharyya SK, Wade DC, Bucher RG, Smith DM, McKnight RD, LeSage LG, Barthold WP, Beitel JC, Lam PSK, Orechwa Y, Su SF, Turski RB, Enderle G, Katz F, Mösinger H, Schlechtendahl EG, Stölting K, Kowalski DJ, Esposito VJ, Boivin JY, Karwat H, Albrecht H, Matschoss V, Wild H, Buslik AJ, Hall RE, Kurka G, Harrer A, Chenebault P, Quinet JL, Lannou L, Wilburn NP, Smith DE, Baars RE, Atcheson DB, Spencer BW, Mast PK, Scott JH, Mergan L, Storrer J, Verbeke R, Cordier JP. Authors. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt79-a32343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Karwat
- Technical University of Munich, Institute for Reactor Safety and Dynamics, 8046 Garching, Federal Republic of Germany
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Karwat H. Instrumentation and accident monitoring in pressurized water reactors / Instrumentierung und Störfall-Überwachung bei Druckwasserreaktoren. KERNTECHNIK 1989. [DOI: 10.1515/kern-1989-540107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Karwat H, von Riesemann W. Preface. Nuclear Engineering and Design 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0029-5493(87)90198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Karwat H, Almenas K, Valencia L. Untersuchungen zu den Langzeitvorgängen in einem Sicherheitsbehälter nach einem Kühlmittelverlust-Störfall / Investigations on long-term processes in a containment after a loss-of-coolant accident. KERNTECHNIK 1987. [DOI: 10.1515/kern-1987-500308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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