1
|
Elliott JH, Synnot A, Turner T, Simmonds M, Akl EA, McDonald S, Salanti G, Meerpohl J, MacLehose H, Hilton J, Tovey D, Shemilt I, Thomas J. Living systematic review: 1. Introduction-the why, what, when, and how. J Clin Epidemiol 2017; 91:23-30. [PMID: 28912002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Systematic reviews are difficult to keep up to date, but failure to do so leads to a decay in review currency, accuracy, and utility. We are developing a novel approach to systematic review updating termed "Living systematic review" (LSR): systematic reviews that are continually updated, incorporating relevant new evidence as it becomes available. LSRs may be particularly important in fields where research evidence is emerging rapidly, current evidence is uncertain, and new research may change policy or practice decisions. We hypothesize that a continual approach to updating will achieve greater currency and validity, and increase the benefits to end users, with feasible resource requirements over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian H Elliott
- Cochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 4th Floor, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University and Alfred Hospital, 53 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - Anneliese Synnot
- Cochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 4th Floor, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, Level 4, Health Sciences 2, Science Drive, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Tari Turner
- Cochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 4th Floor, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Mark Simmonds
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, A/B Block, Alcuin College, University of York, York YO10 5DD, York, UK
| | - Elie A Akl
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Office Gefinor Center Block B, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, American University of Beirut, Office Gefinor Center Block B, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Steve McDonald
- Cochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 4th Floor, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Georgia Salanti
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joerg Meerpohl
- Cochrane Germany, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 153, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harriet MacLehose
- Cochrane Editorial Unit, Cochrane, St Albans House, 57-59 Haymarket, London SW1Y 4QX, UK
| | - John Hilton
- Cochrane Editorial Unit, Cochrane, St Albans House, 57-59 Haymarket, London SW1Y 4QX, UK
| | - David Tovey
- Cochrane Editorial Unit, Cochrane, St Albans House, 57-59 Haymarket, London SW1Y 4QX, UK
| | - Ian Shemilt
- EPPI-Centre, Institute of Education, University College London, 18 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0NR, UK
| | - James Thomas
- EPPI-Centre, Institute of Education, University College London, 18 Woburn Square, London WC1H 0NR, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moher D, Galipeau J, Alam S, Barbour V, Bartolomeos K, Baskin P, Bell-Syer S, Cobey KD, Chan L, Clark J, Deeks J, Flanagin A, Garner P, Glenny AM, Groves T, Gurusamy K, Habibzadeh F, Jewell-Thomas S, Kelsall D, Lapeña JF, MacLehose H, Marusic A, McKenzie JE, Shah J, Shamseer L, Straus S, Tugwell P, Wager E, Winker M, Zhaori G. Core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals: consensus statement. BMC Med 2017; 15:167. [PMID: 28893269 PMCID: PMC5592713 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific editors are responsible for deciding which articles to publish in their journals. However, we have not found documentation of their required knowledge, skills, and characteristics, or the existence of any formal core competencies for this role. METHODS We describe the development of a minimum set of core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals. RESULTS The 14 key core competencies are divided into three major areas, and each competency has a list of associated elements or descriptions of more specific knowledge, skills, and characteristics that contribute to its fulfillment. CONCLUSIONS We believe that these core competencies are a baseline of the knowledge, skills, and characteristics needed to perform competently the duties of a scientific editor at a biomedical journal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Room L1248, Box 201B, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. .,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - James Galipeau
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research (CPCR), Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sabina Alam
- F1000 Platforms, Middlesex House, 34-42 Cleveland Street, London, W1T 4LB, UK
| | - Virginia Barbour
- Office of Research Ethics and Integrity, Division of Research and Commercialisation and Library, Division of Technology, Information and Library Services, QUT, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kidist Bartolomeos
- Department of Strategy, Policy and Information, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Baskin
- American Academy of Neurology, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.,Council of Science Editors, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Sally Bell-Syer
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.,Cochrane Central Executive, London, UK
| | - Kelly D Cobey
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Room L1248, Box 201B, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Leighton Chan
- American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine, Reston, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Deeks
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Paul Garner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Glenny
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Farrokh Habibzadeh
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,R&D Headquarters, Petroleum Industry Health Organization, Shiraz, Iran.,World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Diane Kelsall
- Canadian Medical Association Journal, Ottawa, Canada
| | - José Florencio Lapeña
- World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.,Philippine Association of Medical Journal Editors (PAMJE), Quezon City, Philippines.,Asia Pacific Association of Medical Journal Editors (APAME), Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Ana Marusic
- University of Split School of Medicine, Cochrane Croatia Editor, Journal of Global Health, Split, Croatia.,European Association of Science Editors
| | - Joanne E McKenzie
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jay Shah
- School of Medicine, Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.,Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.,Nepal Association of Medical Editors, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Larissa Shamseer
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Rd, Room L1248, Box 201B, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sharon Straus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Tugwell
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Wager
- Sideview, Princes Risborough, UK.,TRIBE Doctoral School, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Margaret Winker
- World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lawrence M, Naude C, Armstrong R, Bero L, Covic N, Durao S, Ghersi D, Macdonald G, MacLehose H, Margetts B, Tovey D, Volmink J, Young T. A call to action to reshape evidence synthesis and use for nutrition policy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 11:ED000118. [PMID: 27883192 PMCID: PMC10287194 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.ed000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lawrence
- Deakin UniversityPublic Health Nutrition, Institute for Physical Activity and NutritionMelbourneAustralia
| | - Celeste Naude
- Stellenbosch UniversityCentre for Evidence‐based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesWestern CapeSouth Africa
- Cochrane Nutrition
| | - Rebecca Armstrong
- University of MelbourneJack Brockhoff Child Health & Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthAustralia
- Cochrane Public Health
| | - Lisa Bero
- University of SydneyMedicines Use and Health Outcomes, Charles Perkins Centre and Faculty of PharmacyAustralia
- Cochrane Steering Group
| | - Namukolo Covic
- International Food Policy Research InstitutePoverty, Health and Nutrition DivisionAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Solange Durao
- Cochrane Nutrition
- Cochrane South AfricaSouth Africa
- South African Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Davina Ghersi
- National Health and Medical Research CouncilResearch Policy and TranslationCanberraAustralia
| | - Geraldine Macdonald
- University of BristolUK
- Cochrane Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems
| | | | - Barrie Margetts
- University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSchool of MedicineUK
| | | | - Jimmy Volmink
- Stellenbosch UniversityCentre for Evidence‐based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesWestern CapeSouth Africa
- Cochrane South AfricaSouth Africa
- South African Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Taryn Young
- Stellenbosch UniversityCentre for Evidence‐based Health Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesWestern CapeSouth Africa
- South African Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Garner P, Hopewell S, Chandler J, MacLehose H, Schünemann HJ, Akl EA, Beyene J, Chang S, Churchill R, Dearness K, Guyatt G, Lefebvre C, Liles B, Marshall R, Martínez García L, Mavergames C, Nasser M, Qaseem A, Sampson M, Soares-Weiser K, Takwoingi Y, Thabane L, Trivella M, Tugwell P, Welsh E, Wilson EC, Schünemann HJ. When and how to update systematic reviews: consensus and checklist. BMJ 2016; 354:i3507. [PMID: 27443385 PMCID: PMC4955793 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i3507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Garner
- Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
| | - Sally Hopewell
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jackie Chandler
- Cochrane Editorial Unit, Cochrane Central Executive, London, UK
| | | | - Holger J Schünemann
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Cochrane GRADEing Methods Group, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elie A Akl
- Cochrane GRADEing Methods Group, Ottawa, ON, Canada Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Beyene
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McMaster University
| | - Stephanie Chang
- Evidence-based Practice Center Program, Agency for Healthcare and Research Quality, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Churchill
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
| | - Karin Dearness
- Cochrane Upper Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Diseases Group, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gordon Guyatt
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Beth Liles
- Kaiser Permanente National Guideline Program, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rachel Marshall
- Cochrane Editorial Unit, Cochrane Central Executive, London, UK
| | | | - Chris Mavergames
- Cochrane Informatics and Knowledge Management, Cochrane Central Executive, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mona Nasser
- Plymouth University Peninsula School of Dentistry, Plymouth, UK
| | - Amir Qaseem
- Department of Clinical Policy, American College of Physicians,Philadelphia, PA, USA Guidelines International Network, Pitlochry, UK
| | | | | | - Yemisi Takwoingi
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Biostatistics Unit, Centre for Evaluation, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Emma Welsh
- Cochrane Airways Group, Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Ed C Wilson
- Cambridge Centre for Health Services Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Holger J Schünemann
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada Cochrane GRADEing Methods Group, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Galipeau J, Barbour V, Baskin P, Bell-Syer S, Cobey K, Cumpston M, Deeks J, Garner P, MacLehose H, Shamseer L, Straus S, Tugwell P, Wager E, Winker M, Moher D. A scoping review of competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals. BMC Med 2016; 14:16. [PMID: 26837937 PMCID: PMC4739383 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomedical journals are the main route for disseminating the results of health-related research. Despite this, their editors operate largely without formal training or certification. To our knowledge, no body of literature systematically identifying core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals exists. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a scoping review to determine what is known on the competency requirements for scientific editors of biomedical journals. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE®, Cochrane Library, Embase®, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases (from inception to November 2014) and conducted a grey literature search for research and non-research articles with competency-related statements (i.e. competencies, knowledge, skills, behaviors, and tasks) pertaining to the role of scientific editors of peer-reviewed health-related journals. We also conducted an environmental scan, searched the results of a previous environmental scan, and searched the websites of existing networks, major biomedical journal publishers, and organizations that offer resources for editors. RESULTS A total of 225 full-text publications were included, 25 of which were research articles. We extracted a total of 1,566 statements possibly related to core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals from these publications. We then collated overlapping or duplicate statements which produced a list of 203 unique statements. Finally, we grouped these statements into seven emergent themes: (1) dealing with authors, (2) dealing with peer reviewers, (3) journal publishing, (4) journal promotion, (5) editing, (6) ethics and integrity, and (7) qualities and characteristics of editors. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, this scoping review is the first attempt to systematically identify possible competencies of editors. Limitations are that (1) we may not have captured all aspects of a biomedical editor's work in our searches, (2) removing redundant and overlapping items may have led to the elimination of some nuances between items, (3) restricting to certain databases, and only French and English publications, may have excluded relevant publications, and (4) some statements may not necessarily be competencies. CONCLUSION This scoping review is the first step of a program to develop a minimum set of core competencies for scientific editors of biomedical journals which will be followed by a training needs assessment, a Delphi exercise, and a consensus meeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Galipeau
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
| | | | | | | | - Kelly Cobey
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Miranda Cumpston
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jon Deeks
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paul Garner
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Larissa Shamseer
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sharon Straus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Tugwell
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | - David Moher
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Sideview, Princes Risborough, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karimkhani C, Boyers LN, Prescott L, Welch V, Delamere FM, Nasser M, Zaveri A, Hay RJ, Vos T, Murray CJL, Margolis DJ, Hilton J, MacLehose H, Williams HC, Dellavalle RP. Global Burden of Skin Disease as Reflected inCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. JAMA Dermatol 2014; 150:945-51. [DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chante Karimkhani
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | | | - Laura Prescott
- Centre of Evidence-Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham King’s Meadow Campus, Nottingham, England
| | - Vivian Welch
- Bruyere Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Finola M. Delamere
- Cochrane Skin Group, Dermatology Department, Queen’s Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham, England
| | - Mona Nasser
- Peninsula Dental School, Plymouth University, Plymouth, England
| | - Amrapali Zaveri
- Institut für Informatik, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Theo Vos
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | | | - David J. Margolis
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - John Hilton
- Cochrane Editorial Unit, The Cochrane Collaboration, London, England
| | - Harriet MacLehose
- Cochrane Editorial Unit, The Cochrane Collaboration, London, England
| | - Hywel C. Williams
- Centre of Evidence-Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, England
| | - Robert P. Dellavalle
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver14Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver15Dermatology Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Me
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Elliott J, Sim I, Thomas J, Owens N, Dooley G, Riis J, Wallace B, Thomas J, Noel-Storr A, Rada G, Struthers C, Howe T, MacLehose H, Brandt L, Kunnamo I, Mavergames C. #CochraneTech: technology and the future of systematic reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 2014:ED000091. [PMID: 25288182 PMCID: PMC10845870 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.ed000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
8
|
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Mbuagbaw
- Yaoundé Central HospitalCentre for the Development of Best Practices in Health (CDBPH)Avenue Henri Dunant, Messa, PO Box 87YaoundéCameroon
- McMaster UniversityDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsONCanada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|