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Kareem H, Langrock A, Auletta J, Mahoney L, Hallinan D, Kim H, Leff AC, Tran DT, Mackie D. Dual driven mechanism (
hygro‐redox
)
semi‐
interpenetrating polymer network composite film (
polyaniline‐polyacrylic
acid/sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone)) for artificial muscles. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haval Kareem
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
| | - Alex Langrock
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
| | - Jeffrey Auletta
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
| | - Luther Mahoney
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
- Fibertek Inc. Herndon Virginia USA
| | - Daniel Hallinan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Florida A&M University–Florida State University (FAMU‐FSU) College of Engineering Tallahassee Florida USA
| | - Hyun Kim
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
- Advanced Materials Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon South Korea
| | - Asher C. Leff
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
- General Technical Services, LLC Wall Township New Jersey USA
| | - Dat T. Tran
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
| | - David Mackie
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland USA
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Kareem H, Maswadeh Y, Wu ZP, Leff AC, Cheng HW, Shan S, Wang S, Robinson R, Caracciolo D, Langrock A, Mackie DM, Tran DT, Petkov V, Zhong CJ. Lattice Strain and Surface Activity of Ternary Nanoalloys under the Propane Oxidation Condition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:11435-11447. [PMID: 35195398 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ability to harness the catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons is critical for both clean energy production and air pollutant elimination, which requires a detailed understanding of the dynamic role of the nanophase structure and surface reactivity under the reaction conditions. We report here findings of an in situ/operando study of such details of a ternary nanoalloy under the propane oxidation condition using high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction coupled to atomic pair distribution function (HE-XRD/PDF) analysis and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). The catalysts are derived by alloying Pt with different combinations of second (Pd) and third (Ni) transition metals, showing a strong dependence of the catalytic activity on the Ni content. The evolution of the phase structure of the nanoalloy is characterized by HE-XRD/PDF probing of the lattice strain, whereas the surface activity is monitored by DRIFTS detection of the surface intermediate formation during the oxidation of propane by oxygen. The results reveal the dominance of the surface intermediate species featuring a lower degree of oxygenation upon the first C-C bond cleavage on the lower-Ni-content nanoalloy and a higher degree of oxygenation upon the second C-C bond cleavage on the higher-Ni-content nanoalloy. The face-centered-cubic-type phase structures of the nanoalloys under the oxidation condition are shown to exhibit Ni-content-dependent changes of lattice strains, featuring the strongest strain with little variation for the higher-Ni-content nanoalloy, in contrast to the weaker strains with oscillatory variation for the lower-Ni-content nanoalloys. This process is also accompanied by oxygenation of the metal components in the nanoalloy, showing a higher degree of oxygenation for the higher-Ni-content nanoalloy. These subtle differences in phase structure and surface activity changes correlate with the Ni-composition-dependent catalytic activity of the nanoalloys, which sheds a fresh light on the correlation between the dynamic change of atomic strains and the surface reactivity and has significant implications for the design of oxidation catalysts with enhanced activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haval Kareem
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, CCDC Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Yazan Maswadeh
- Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Zhi-Peng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Asher C Leff
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, CCDC Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Han-Wen Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Collaborative Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shiyao Shan
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Richard Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Dominic Caracciolo
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Alex Langrock
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, CCDC Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - David M Mackie
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, CCDC Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Dat T Tran
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, CCDC Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Valeri Petkov
- Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Chuan-Jian Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
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Ogunmiloro OM, Kareem H. Mathematical analysis of a generalized epidemic model with nonlinear incidence function. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-021-00097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Though different forms of control measures have been deployed to curtail disease transmission, which are mostly through vaccination, treatment, isolation, etc., using mathematical models. Therefore, there is a need to consider the strict compliance or attendance of human individuals to medical awareness program through media outlets like radio, television, etc. In this work, a generalized mathematical model of two groups of infectious individuals who are compliant and non-compliant to medical awareness program is studied.
Results
A generalized Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) model with two groups of infectious individuals who attend or are compliant and those who do not attend or are non-compliant to medical awareness program is established. The analytical results of the model shows that the model is positive, well-posed, and epidemiologically reasonable. The two equilibria and the basic reproduction number Rr of the model is computed and analyzed and it is shown that the disease-free equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically stable when Rr < 1 and the endemic equilibrium is globally stable when Rr > 1. Simulations are carried out by varying some parameters when Rr is less and above unity. The simulations suggest that control interventions are to be implemented and medical awareness program scaled up to mitigate the spread of diseases. Furthermore, two numerical methods of Runge-Kutta and Differential Transform Method (DTM) are employed to obtain the approximate solutions of the model system equations, and it is observed that the results of the two methods agreeably compare with each other in terms of efficiency and convergence.
Conclusion
This work should be taken into consideration by health policy makers and bio-mathematicians, because existing literature only take into consideration, how diseases spread and its management without considering the impact of strict compliance to consistent awareness program to mitigate the spread of diseases, which has been considered in this work. The limitation of this work is the unavailability of data on individuals in disease endemic regions who always and who do not comply with medical awareness programs.
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Shetty P, Paramasivam G, Deavasia T, Kareem H, Singh A. Manipal scale for cardiac drug compliance (MSCDC): A new tool to assess drug compliance in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kong Z, Maswadeh Y, Vargas JA, Shan S, Wu ZP, Kareem H, Leff AC, Tran DT, Chang F, Yan S, Nam S, Zhao X, Lee JM, Luo J, Shastri S, Yu G, Petkov V, Zhong CJ. Origin of High Activity and Durability of Twisty Nanowire Alloy Catalysts under Oxygen Reduction and Fuel Cell Operating Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1287-1299. [PMID: 31885267 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability to control the surface composition and morphology of alloy catalysts is critical for achieving high activity and durability of catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and fuel cells. This report describes an efficient surfactant-free synthesis route for producing a twisty nanowire (TNW) shaped platinum-iron (PtFe) alloy catalyst (denoted as PtFe TNWs) with controllable bimetallic compositions. PtFe TNWs with an optimal initial composition of ∼24% Pt are shown to exhibit the highest mass activity (3.4 A/mgPt, ∼20 times higher than that of commercial Pt catalyst) and the highest durability (<2% loss of activity after 40 000 cycles and <30% loss after 120 000 cycles) among all PtFe-based nanocatalysts under ORR or fuel cell operating conditions reported so far. Using ex situ and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction coupled with atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis and 3D modeling, the PtFe TNWs are shown to exhibit mixed face-centered cubic (fcc)-body-centered cubic (bcc) alloy structure and a significant lattice strain. A striking finding is that the activity strongly depends on the composition of the as-synthesized catalysts and this dependence remains unchanged despite the evolution of the composition of the different catalysts and their lattice constants under ORR or fuel cell operating conditions. Notably, dealloying under fuel cell operating condition starts at phase-segregated domain sites leading to a final fcc alloy structure with subtle differences in surface morphology. Due to a subsequent realloying and the morphology of TNWs, the surface lattice strain observed with the as-synthesized catalysts is largely preserved. This strain and the particular facets exhibited by the TNWs are believed to be responsible for the observed activity and durability enhancements. These findings provide new insights into the correlation between the structure, activity, and durability of nanoalloy catalysts and are expected to energize the ongoing effort to develop highly active and durable low-Pt-content nanowire catalysts by controlling their alloy structure and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China.,Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Yazan Maswadeh
- Department of Physics , Central Michigan University , Mt. Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - Jorge A Vargas
- Department of Physics , Central Michigan University , Mt. Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - Shiyao Shan
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Zhi-Peng Wu
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Haval Kareem
- CCDC Army Research Laboratory , FCDD-RLS-DE , Adelphi , Maryland 20783 , United States
| | - Asher C Leff
- CCDC Army Research Laboratory , FCDD-RLS-DE , Adelphi , Maryland 20783 , United States
| | - Dat T Tran
- CCDC Army Research Laboratory , FCDD-RLS-DE , Adelphi , Maryland 20783 , United States
| | - Fangfang Chang
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Shan Yan
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Sanghyun Nam
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Xingfang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Jason M Lee
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Jin Luo
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
| | - Sarvjit Shastri
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Gang Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Valeri Petkov
- Department of Physics , Central Michigan University , Mt. Pleasant , Michigan 48859 , United States
| | - Chuan-Jian Zhong
- Department of Chemistry , State University of New York at Binghamton , Binghamton , New York 13902 , United States
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Petkov V, Maswadeh Y, Vargas JA, Shan S, Kareem H, Wu ZP, Luo J, Zhong CJ, Shastri S, Kenesei P. Deviations from Vegard's law and evolution of the electrocatalytic activity and stability of Pt-based nanoalloys inside fuel cells by in operando X-ray spectroscopy and total scattering. Nanoscale 2019; 11:5512-5525. [PMID: 30860531 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01069f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Catalysts for energy related applications, in particular metallic nanoalloys, readily undergo atomic-level changes during electrochemical reactions. The origin, dynamics and implications of the changes for the catalysts' activity inside fuel cells though are not well understood. This is largely because they are studied on model nanoalloy structures under controlled laboratory conditions. Here we use combined synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy and total scattering to study the dynamic behaviour of nanoalloys of Pt with 3d-transition metals as they function at the cathode of an operating proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Results show that the composition and atomic structure of the nanoalloys change profoundly, from the initial state to the active form and further along the cell operation. The electrocatalytic activity of the nanoalloys also changes. The rate and magnitude of the changes may be rationalized when the limits of traditional relationships used to connect the composition and structure of nanoalloys with their electrocatalytic activity and stability, such as Vegard's law, are recognized. In particular, deviations from the law inherent for Pt-3d metal nanoalloys can well explain their behaviour under operating conditions. Moreover, it appears that factors behind the remarkable electrocatalytic activity of Pt-3d metal nanoalloys, such as the large surface to unit volume ratio and "size misfit" of the constituent Pt and 3d-transition metal atoms, also contribute to their instability inside fuel cells. The new insight into the atomic-level evolution of nanoalloy electrocatalysts during their lifetime is likely to inspire new efforts to stabilize transient structure states beneficial to their activity and stability under operating conditions, if not synthesize them directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeri Petkov
- Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, USA.
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Kareem H, Shan S, Lin F, Li J, Wu Z, Prasai B, O'Brien CP, Lee IC, Tran DT, Yang L, Mott D, Luo J, Petkov V, Zhong CJ. Evolution of surface catalytic sites on thermochemically-tuned gold-palladium nanoalloys. Nanoscale 2018; 10:3849-3862. [PMID: 29417115 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08748a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale alloying constitutes an increasingly-important pathway for design of catalysts for a wide range of technologically important reactions. A key challenge is the ability to control the surface catalytic sites in terms of the alloying composition, thermochemical treatment and phase in correlation with the catalytic properties. Herein we show novel findings of the nanoscale evolution of surface catalytic sites on thermochemically-tuned gold-palladium nanoalloys by probing CO adsorption and oxidation using in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) technique. In addition to the bimetallic composition and the support, the surface sites are shown to depend strongly on the thermochemical treatment condition, demonstrating that the ratio of three-fold vs. bridge or atop Pd sites is greatly reduced by thermochemical treatment under hydrogen in comparison with that under oxygen. This type of surface reconstruction is further supported by synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction coupled to atomic pair distribution function (HE-XRD/PDF) analysis of the nanoalloy structure, revealing an enhanced degree of random alloying for the catalysts thermochemically treated under hydrogen. The nanoscale alloying and surface site evolution characteristics were found to correlate strongly with the catalytic activity of CO oxidation. These findings have significant implications for the nanoalloy-based design of catalytic synergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haval Kareem
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
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Kareem H, Shan S, Wu ZP, Velasco L, Moseman K, O'Brien CP, Tran DT, Lee IC, Maswadeh Y, Yang L, Mott D, Luo J, Petkov V, Zhong CJ. Catalytic oxidation of propane over palladium alloyed with gold: an assessment of the chemical and intermediate species. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy01704b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The surface intermediate species for catalytic oxidation of propane depend strongly on the catalyst composition.
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Gran B, Crooks J, Cook K, Hussein K, O'Brien K, Braitch M, Kareem H, Constantinescu C, Robinson K. Helicobacter pylori infection reduces disease severity in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Agarwal S, Prasad R, Devasia T, Kareem H. 'A rare cause of angina': multiple coronary cameral fistulae simulating coronary artery disease in a 71-year-old man. Case Reports 2014; 2014:bcr-2014-204608. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-204608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Kareem H, Devasia T. 'A dancing ball in the heart': false tendon of the left ventricle simulating a mass lesion. Case Reports 2013; 2013:bcr-2013-201115. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Kareem H, Sebastian S, Jose T, Thomas V. Perforated appendicitis presenting with ileo-caecal ulceration and mechanical intestinal obstruction. Trop Gastroenterol 2008; 29:105-106. [PMID: 18972773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A 30-year-old lady presented with a 6-month history of recurrent partial intestinal obstruction associated with intermittent fever, anorexia and weight loss. Barium meal follow-through and colonoscopic evaluation suggested ulceration of the ileum and caecum with small bowel obstruction. Histology of the lesions showed marked acute and chronic inflammation consistent with ulceration and granulation tissue. Abdominal CT revealed circumferential thickening of the ascending colon, caecum and terminal ileum with extraluminal air pockets. Surgical exploration revealed a large conglomerate mass involving the terminal ileum, caecum and ascending colon. Histopathology of the resected specimen revealed perforated appendix with nonspecific ulceration of the surrounding bowel. She recovered completely after surgery and did not suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms in the 14 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kareem
- Department of Gastroenterology, Calicut Medical College & PVS Hospital Kozhikode, Kerala, India
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