1
|
Seetharaman A, Christopher V, Dhandapani H, Jayakumar H, Dhanushkodi M, Bhaskaran N, Rajaraman S, Ranganathan R, Sunder Singh S, Vijayakumar V, Rajamanickam A, Suri A, Jagadish N, Rajkumar T, Ramanathan P. Optimization and Validation of a Harmonized Protocol for Generating Therapeutic-Grade Dendritic Cells in a Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial, Using Two Varied Antigenic Sources. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:112. [PMID: 38400096 PMCID: PMC10892253 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Autologous dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is a cell-based advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) that was first introduced more than three decades ago. In the current study, our objective was to establish a harmonized protocol using two varied antigenic sources and a good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant, manual method for generating clinical-grade DCs at a limited-resource academic setting. After obtaining ethical committee-approved informed consent, the recruited patients underwent leukapheresis, and single-batch DC production was carried out. Using responder-independent flow cytometric assays as quality control (QC) criteria, we propose a differentiation and maturation index (DI and MI, respectively), calculated with the QC cut-off and actual scores of each batch for comparison. Changes during cryopreservation and personnel variation were assessed periodically for up to two to three years. Using our harmonized batch production protocol, the average DI was 1.39 and MI was 1.25. Allogenic responder proliferation was observed in all patients, while IFN-gamma secretion, evaluated using flow cytometry, was detected in 10/36 patients and significantly correlated with CD8+ T cell proliferation (p value-0.0002). Tracking the viability and phenotype of cryopreserved MDCs showed a >90% viability for up to three years, while a mature DC phenotype was retained for up to one year. Our results confirm that the manual/semi-automated protocol was simple, consistent, and cost-effective, without the requirement for expensive equipment and without compromising on the quality of the final product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Seetharaman
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (A.S.); (H.D.); (H.J.); (M.D.); (T.R.)
| | - Vasanth Christopher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India;
| | - Hemavathi Dhandapani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (A.S.); (H.D.); (H.J.); (M.D.); (T.R.)
| | - Hascitha Jayakumar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (A.S.); (H.D.); (H.J.); (M.D.); (T.R.)
| | - Manikandan Dhanushkodi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (A.S.); (H.D.); (H.J.); (M.D.); (T.R.)
| | - Narmadha Bhaskaran
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India;
| | - Swaminathan Rajaraman
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (S.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Rama Ranganathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (S.R.); (R.R.)
| | | | | | | | - Anil Suri
- National Institute of Immunology, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi 110067, India; (A.S.); (N.J.)
- Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sri Ram Cancer & Superspeciality Centre (SRCC), Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302022, India
| | - Nirmala Jagadish
- National Institute of Immunology, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi 110067, India; (A.S.); (N.J.)
- Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sri Ram Cancer & Superspeciality Centre (SRCC), Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302022, India
| | - Thangarajan Rajkumar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (A.S.); (H.D.); (H.J.); (M.D.); (T.R.)
- Research Oncology, Medgenome, Bangalore 560099, India
- IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Department of Nano sciences and Molecular Medicine, AIMS, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Priya Ramanathan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600036, India; (A.S.); (H.D.); (H.J.); (M.D.); (T.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dhandapani H, Siddiqui A, Karadkar S, Tayalia P. In Vitro 3D Spheroid Model Preserves Tumor Microenvironment of Hot and Cold Breast Cancer Subtypes. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300164. [PMID: 37141121 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic interaction of cancer, immune, and stromal cells with extracellular matrix components modulates and resists the response of standard care therapies. To mimic this, an in vitro 3D spheroid model is designed using liquid overlay method to simulate hot (MDA-MB-231) and cold (MCF-7) breast tumor microenvironment (TME). This study shows increased mesenchymal phenotype, stemness, and suppressive microenvironment in MDA-MB-231-spheroids upon exposure to doxorubicin. Intriguingly, the presence of human dermal fibroblasts enhances cancer-associated fibroblast phenotype in MDA-MB-231-spheroids through increased expression of CXCL12 and FSP-1, leading to higher infiltration of immune cells (THP-1 monocytes). However, a suppressive TME is observed in both subtypes, as seen by upregulation of M2-macrophage-specific CD68 and CD206 markers. Specifically, increased PDL-1 expressing tumor-associated macrophages along with FoxP3 expressing T regulatory cells are found in MDA-MB-231-spheroids when cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Further, it is found that the addition of 1-methyl-tryptophan, a potent indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 inhibitor, subsides the suppressive phenotype by decreasing the M2 polarization via downregulation of tryptophan metabolism and IL10 expression, particularly in MCF-7 triculture spheroids. Thus, the in vitro 3D spheroid model of TME can be utilized in therapeutics to validate immunomodulatory drugs for various breast cancer subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathi Dhandapani
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Armaan Siddiqui
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Shivam Karadkar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Prakriti Tayalia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sagitha P, Dhandapani H, Tayalia P. Choline ester based ionic liquid: A multi-functional system to enhance nucleic acid stability, drug solubilization and cell penetration. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 238:124059. [PMID: 36934812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are emerging systems with applications in varying areas of biomedical research. This study aims at developing a biocompatible, dual function choline ester-based IL with chloride as anion ([Ch] IL) for stabilizing nucleic acids (DNA) and enhancing cellular uptake of drugs. The ability of IL to complex with DNA was characterized using electrophoresis, dye displacement and UV absorbance. The effect of pH on complex stability and protection of DNA from nuclease were also studied. Even though [Ch] IL had positive zeta potential and showed effective complex formation, at physiological pH the zeta potential of the complex decreased and became negative, thereby, destabilizing the complex. To address this, citric acid (CA) was added to [Ch] IL which facilitated strong complexation. Further, DNA could be retrieved from these complexes without compromising its purity and integrity. Additionally, [Ch] IL was found to improve the cellular uptake of doxorubicin by improving its solubility in water. Thus, we demonstrate that the [Ch] IL developed here can enhance nucleic acid stability, drug solubilization and cell penetration. Our results show that the developed [Ch] IL can be used for long term storage of nucleic acids as well as for enhancing permeation of drugs in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sagitha
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Hemavathi Dhandapani
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prakriti Tayalia
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dhandapani H, Bose M, Kesavan S. The Immune-related ceRNA Network in Prognosis of Cervical Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3347-3354. [PMID: 36308358 PMCID: PMC9924325 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.10.3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy is gaining attention and it is being included as one of the treatment strategies for cancer patients. However, the molecular mechanisms of immune-related genes and their affinity for cervical cancer progression remain unclear. In this study, we have developed an immune-related competing endogenous RNA [ceRNA] network and assessed the tumour infiltrating immune cells towards the prognosis of cervical cancer. METHODS Differential RNA expression pattern between stages I and II-IV of cervical cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA] was analyzed. Immune-related ceRNA network based on the immune gene signatures were retrieved and their targets were predicted using miRwalk 3.0. CIBERSORT was employed to identify the immune cell types based on their respective transcripts. The prognostic significance of RNAs in the ceRNA network and immune cell subsets was analyzed. RESULTS Significant differences in 22 long non-coding RNAs [lncRNAs], 15 microRNAs [miRNAs], and 252 messenger RNAs [mRNAs] between stages I and II-IV of cervical cancer were observed. Further, we shortlisted the 49 immune-related mRNAs based on immune gene signature and predicted their target miRNAs and lncRNAs. A potential ceRNA network of 4 lncRNAs, 10 miRNAs, and 11 mRNAs had a strong correlation for prognosis. Out of 11 protein-coding immune mRNAs, IRF4 and AZGP1 had high degrees of interaction. In addition, the evaluation of immune cell subsets showed increased infiltration of M1 macrophages had better survival outcome. CONCLUSIONS We have identified an immune-related ceRNA network based on differentially expressed transcripts between stages I and II-IV which may help predict the prognosis of cervical cancer.
Collapse
|
5
|
Jayakumar H, Seetharaman A, Sunder Singh S, Dhandapani H, Subramani J, Ganeshrajah S, Thangarajan R, Ramanathan P. Combination of IDO1 high and CCL19 low expression in the tumor tissue reduces survival in HPV positive cervical cancer. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 149:103454. [PMID: 34856521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The over expression of Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase (IDO1), an immune checkpoint inhibitor, is well known in cervical cancer. However, its association with chemokine signals promoting cellular infiltration in the cervical tumor microenvironment, is unknown. In the current study, we evaluated the expression and enzymatic activity of IDO1. We also profiled the expression of chemokine ligand-receptors- CCR4-CCL22, CXCR3-CXCL10, CXCR4-CXCL12, and CCR7-CCL19 using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and studied their association with IDO1, statistically. After getting an informed consent, punch biopsy samples were obtained from 105 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer. HPV typing by Sanger sequencing, realtime PCR for quantifying IDO1 mRNA expression, HPLC for determining the K/T ratio and IHC for all the above chemokine receptor-ligand pairs along with IDO1 were performed. We found a significant increase in the expression of IDO1 and K/T levels in early and locally advanced stages when compared to Stage IV disease. Among the chemokine ligand -receptor pairs profiled, we found that high CCL19 marker expression was a good prognostic indicator of patients' disease-free (p = 0.013) and overall survival (p = 0.043). Although we could not identify IDO1 as an independent prognostic factor, we found that high levels of IDO1 expression may further reduce survival outcomes in patients with low CCL19 expression. This could be vital for designing immuno therapeutic interventions targeting IDO1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Priya Ramanathan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dhandapani H, Jayakumar H, Seetharaman A, Singh SS, Ganeshrajah S, Jagadish N, Suri A, Thangarajan R, Ramanathan P. Dendritic cells matured with recombinant human sperm associated antigen 9 (rhSPAG9) induce CD4 +, CD8 + T cells and activate NK cells: a potential candidate molecule for immunotherapy in cervical cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:473. [PMID: 34493268 PMCID: PMC8424976 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is capable of activating the immune system and in particular tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to eradicate the tumor. However, major limitations are the availability of autologous tumor cells as antigenic source and the selection of antigen that may have potential to activate both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in immune-specific manner. Recently, we reported the expression of sperm associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) that is associated with various types of malignancies including cervical cancer. We examined the recombinant human SPAG9 (rhSPAG9) as an antigenic source for generating efficient DCs to stimulate CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses for future DCs-based vaccine trials in cervical cancer patients. Methods Human monocytes derived DCs were pulsed with different concentrations (250 ng/ml to 1000 ng/ml) of recombinant human SPAG9 (rhSPAG9) and evaluated for their phenotypic and functional ability. The efficacy of DCs primed with 750 ng/ml of rhSPAG9 (SPDCs) was compared with DCs primed with autologous tumor lysates (TLDCs), to induce CD4+, CD8+ T cells and activating NK cells. In addition, we investigated the effect of the chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin on phenotypic and functional potential of SPDCs. Results Phenotypic and functional characterization of DCs pulsed with 750 ng/ml rhSPAG9 was found to be optimal and effective for priming DCs. SPDCs were also capable of stimulating allogeneic T cells similar to TLDCs. SPDCs showed a statistically insignificant increase in the expression of maturation marker CD83 and migration towards CCL19 and CCL21 compared with TLDCs (CD83; P = 0.4; migration; P = 0.2). In contrast, although TLDCs showed better proliferation and secretion of Th1 cytokines (IL12p40, IL12p70 and IFNγ) compared to SPDCs, this difference was not statistically significant (IL12p40, P = 0.06). Further we also observed that clinical dose of cisplatin (200 µM) treated SPDCs were able to stimulate the proliferation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes without increasing the FOXP3+ Tregs in autologous co-cultures. Conclusions In summary, in order to overcome the limitation of the availability of autologous tumor cells as antigenic sources, our present strategy provides an insight to consider rhSPAG9 as a strong immunogen for DC-based immunotherapy for cervical cancer trials and warrants further studies. This is the first report to suggest that rhSPAG9 is an effective antigen for pulsing DCs that are capable of eliciting a potent Th1 response which, in turn, may help in decreasing the tumor burden when used along with a cisplatin based combinatorial regimen for therapeutic intervention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01951-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathi Dhandapani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthi Campus, 38, SardarPatel Road, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Hascitha Jayakumar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthi Campus, 38, SardarPatel Road, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Abirami Seetharaman
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthi Campus, 38, SardarPatel Road, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Shirley Sunder Singh
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthi Campus, 38, SardarPatel Road, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Selvaluxmy Ganeshrajah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthi Campus, 38, SardarPatel Road, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Nirmala Jagadish
- Cancer Microarray, Genes and Proteins Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Anil Suri
- Cancer Microarray, Genes and Proteins Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rajkumar Thangarajan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthi Campus, 38, SardarPatel Road, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Priya Ramanathan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthi Campus, 38, SardarPatel Road, Chennai, 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Varier KM, Dhandapani H, Liu W, Song J, Wang C, Hu A, Ben-David Y, Shen X, Li Y, Gajendran B. An immunotherapeutic approach to decipher the role of long non-coding RNAs in cancer progression, resistance and epigenetic regulation of immune cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:242. [PMID: 34303380 PMCID: PMC8305593 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic treatments are gaining attention due to their effective anti-tumor response. Particularly, the revolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) produces promising outcomes for various cancer types. However, the usage of immunotherapy is limited due to its low response rate, suggesting that tumor cells escape the immune surveillance. Rapid advances in transcriptomic profiling have led to recognize immune-related long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), as regulators of immune cell-specific gene expression that mediates immune stimulatory as well as suppression of immune response, indicating LncRNAs as targets to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy against tumours. Moreover, the immune-related LncRNAs acting as epigenetic modifiers are also under deep investigation. Thus, herein, is a summarised knowledge of LncRNAs and their regulation in the adaptive and innate immune system, considering their importance in autophagy and predicting putative immunotherapeutic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnapriya M Varier
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hemavathi Dhandapani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, 600020, India.,Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Wuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialei Song
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Anling Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China. .,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China. .,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dhandapani H, Seetharaman A, Jayakumar H, Ganeshrajah S, Singh SS, Thangarajan R, Ramanathan P. Autologous cervical tumor lysate pulsed dendritic cell stimulation followed by cisplatin treatment abrogates FOXP3+ cells in vitro. J Gynecol Oncol 2021; 32:e59. [PMID: 33908712 PMCID: PMC8192235 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2021.32.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dendritic cells (DCs) are administered as immunotherapeutic adjuvants after the completion of standard treatment in most settings. However, our Phase I trial indicated that one patient out of four, who received autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell (TLDC) also received cisplatin chemotherapy and experienced complete regression of her lung lesion, continuing to be disease free till date. Hence, the objective of our current study is to evaluate the sustenance or augmentation of immune responses when autologous human papillomavirus positive cervical tumor lysate pulsed DC- are combined with cisplatin, using co-culture assays in vitro. Methods Before treatment, peripheral blood and punch biopsy samples were collected from 23 cervical cancer patients after obtaining an informed consent. DC functionality was confirmed through phenotypic and functional assays using autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells as responders. For cisplatin experiments, the drug was added at 150, 200 (clinical dose equivalent), and 400 µM concentrations to DCs alone or DC-T cell co-cultures. Phenotypic assessment and functional characterization of DCs was done using flow cytometry. Cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and interferon (IFN)-γ enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot assays were also performed. Results The functionality of TLDCs was not compromised upon cisplatin treatment in vitro even at the highest (400 μM) concentration. Even though cisplatin treatment reduced the secretion of IFN-γ and interleukin (IL)-12p40 in co-cultures stimulated with TLDCs, this effect was not significant (p>0.05). A doubling of IFN-γ secretion following cisplatin treatment was observed in at least one of three independent experiments. Additional experiments showed a reduction in both FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and IL-10 levels. Conclusion Our results provide evidence that cisplatin treatment may be given after autologous TLDC administration to maintain or improve a productive anti-tumor response in vaccinated patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathi Dhandapani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Abirami Seetharaman
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Hascitha Jayakumar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Selvaluxmy Ganeshrajah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shirley Sunder Singh
- Department of Oncopathology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Rajkumar Thangarajan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Priya Ramanathan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hascitha J, Priya R, Jayavelu S, Dhandapani H, Selvaluxmy G, Sunder Singh S, Rajkumar T. Analysis of Kynurenine/Tryptophan ratio and expression of IDO1 and 2 mRNA in tumour tissue of cervical cancer patients. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:919-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
10
|
Ramanathan P, Dhandapani H, Jayakumar H, Ganeshrajah S, Thangarajan R. Dendritic cells primed with HPV positive cervical tumor lysate are superior to unprimed DCs in migratory capacity and induce a potent Th1 response. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:1216-24. [PMID: 25315748 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the efficacy of tumor lysate primed and unprimed monocyte derived mature dendritic cells (DCs) to trigger an effective anti-tumor immune response in cervical cancer patients who tested positive for human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA. Lysate primed and unprimed DCs were assessed for the expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, HLADR and CD83. The ability of DCs to migrate in response to the chemokines CCL19 and 21 as well as their ability to secrete IL12p40 was investigated. Mixed lymphocyte proliferation assays were used to assess DC stimulatory capacity and their ability to generate a Th1 response. Our results showed no difference in phenotypic expression between primed and unprimed DCs but both had significantly increased expression of the activation marker CD83 when compared to immature DCs. Importantly, the primed DCs showed significant (P value=0.03) IL-12p40 secretion and a superior migratory capacity towards CC19 and CCL21 (P value=0.04) compared to unprimed DCs even after cytokine withdrawal. Primed DCs showed superior stimulation of T cell proliferation (allogeneic and autologous) and secretion of IFN gamma (IFN-γ) than the unprimed DCs. Hence whole tumor lysate primed mature DCs could be potent immunotherapeutic adjuvants to standard treatment for cervical cancer.
Collapse
|