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Human fat depots show distinct quantitative, qualitative and functional inter-individual differences. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Metabolomic characteristics of fatty pancreas. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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An extended fatty liver index to predict non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2017; 43:229-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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The protective effect of human renal sinus fat on glomerular cells is reversed by the hepatokine fetuin-A. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2261. [PMID: 28536464 PMCID: PMC5442123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal sinus fat (RSF) is a perivascular fat compartment located around renal arteries. In this in vitro and in vivo study we hypothesized that the hepatokine fetuin-A may impair renal function in non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by altering inflammatory signalling in RSF. To study effects of the crosstalk between fetuin-A, RSF and kidney, human renal sinus fat cells (RSFC) were isolated and cocultured with human endothelial cells (EC) or podocytes (PO). RSFC caused downregulation of proinflammatory and upregulation of regenerative factors in cocultured EC and PO, indicating a protective influence of RFSC. However, fetuin-A inverted these benign effects of RSFC from an anti- to a proinflammatory status. RSF was quantified by magnetic resonance imaging and liver fat content by 1H-MR spectroscopy in 449 individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes. Impaired renal function was determined via urinary albumin/creatinine-ratio (uACR). RSF did not correlate with uACR in subjects without NAFLD (n = 212, p = 0.94), but correlated positively in subjects with NAFLD (n = 105, p = 0.0005). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGRF) was inversely correlated with RSF, suggesting lower eGFR for subjects with higher RSF (r = 0.24, p < 0.0001). In conclusion, our data suggest that in the presence of NAFLD elevated fetuin-A levels may impair renal function by RSF-induced proinflammatory signalling in glomerular cells.
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Die ‚fettige Niere‘: Interaktionen von renalem Sinusfett mit der Fettleber beeinflussen die Zytokinexpression glomerulärer Zellen in vitro und die renale Funktion in Prädiabetikern. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Eine Einnahme von Resveratrol interagiert mit dem Ausmass des basalen Leberfettgehalts hinsichtlich der Änderung des Leberfettgehalts: eine 12 Wochen, randomisierte, doppelt-blinde, Placebo-kontrollierte klinische Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Quantifizierung des Pankreasfettgehalts im MRT als proton-density fat fraction (PDFF) bei Probanden mit Prädiabetes, Diabetes und gesunden Kontrollen in einer Kohorte aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1600210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Shape estimation of subcutaneous adipose tissue using an articulated statistical shape model. COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-IMAGING AND VISUALIZATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21681163.2016.1163508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Fatty liver reduction and diminished lipolysis by high-protein intake without caloric restriction: a randomized controlled trial in type 2 diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Einfluss von TGFβ auf den metabolischen Effekt von Ausdauertraining: Negative Effekte auf Regulatoren der Mitochondrienfunktion im humanen Muskel. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Genetische Determinanten der Körperfettverteilung und ihre Einflüsse auf den Metabolismus. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Spezifische Phospholipidspezies sind abhängig vom inflammatorischen Zustand unterschiedlich mit humanem, viszeralem und nicht-viszeralem Fettgewebe assoziiert in der NUGAT (NutriGenomic Analysis in Twins) Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Interaktionen des „fettigen“ Pankreas mit der Fettleber: Unterschiedliche Effekte von Fetuin-A auf die durch Prädipozyten und Adipozyten vermittelte pankreatische Inflammation. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Einfluss der Körperfettverteilung auf die systemische Low-Grade-Inflammation und Insulinsensitivität in Prädiabetikern. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1581326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Intramyocellular lipids and their dynamics assessed by 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2016; 37:558-566. [PMID: 26865009 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This report provides an overview on the present knowledge on intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) and their dynamics in the course of interventions with physical activity of variable type and intensity in different population groups, as accessible by examinations using non-invasive volume-selective 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H MRS). IMCL serve as energy source in skeletal muscle for fat oxidation in the mitochondria and became intensively studied after discovery of their relation with insulin sensitivity. While baseline levels of IMCL concentration have been shown to be mainly dependent on the metabolic status (insulin sensitivity), on the level of training and on fibre composition in the muscles, studies applying different physical activity protocols revealed the dynamic of their depletion and replenishment. From the findings in human studies, it can be concluded that IMCL levels are potentially useful markers for monitoring metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle to sportive activities and training.
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Genetische Varianten in VPS13C, C2CD4A und C2CD4B haben pleiotrope Effekte in pankreatischen β-Zellen und in Adipozyten. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Lebervolumen der Ausprägung der intrahepatischen Lipide und dem Körpergewicht – eine MRT-Interventionsstudie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zusammenhänge zwischen T2, T2* und Indikatoren einer hepatischen Entzündungskonstellation als Frühzeichen einer nicht alkoholischen Fettlebererkrankung in asymptomatischen Hoch-Risiko-Probanden. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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MR-Phänotypen bei Prädisposition für Typ 2 Diabetes mellitus. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1550853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lebervolumen, Leberfettanteil und Körpergewicht im Verlauf einer Lebensstilinterventionsstudie. Radiologe 2015; 55:323-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00117-014-2722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Rapid improvement of hepatic steatosis after initiation of leptin substitution in a leptin-deficient girl. Horm Res Paediatr 2014; 79:310-7. [PMID: 23651953 DOI: 10.1159/000348541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin deficiency is associated with severe obesity and metabolic disturbances. Increased liver fat content has been reported in only one case beforehand, even though hepatic steatosis is a typical comorbidity of common obesity. It is also frequent in patients with lipodystrophy where it resolves under leptin therapy. SUBJECT AND METHODS In 2010, we reported a leptin-deficient patient with a novel homozygous mutation in the leptin gene and severe hepatic steatosis. We have now studied serum changes and changes in liver fat content during the substitution with recombinant methionyl human leptin. RESULTS After 23 weeks of leptin substitution, elevated transaminases, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels normalized. After 62 weeks, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance improved from 10.7 to 6.0 and body fat mass dropped from 50.2 to 37.8%. Liver fat content was drastically reduced from 49.7 to 9.4%. The first changes in liver fat content were detectable after 3 days of therapy. CONCLUSION Our patient showed a remarkable reduction of liver fat content during the treatment with recombinant methionyl human leptin. These changes occurred rapidly after initiation of the substitution, which implies that leptin has a direct effect on hepatic lipid metabolism in humans as it is seen in rodents.
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Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, e-selectin and C-reactive protein levels in response to 4-week very-high-fructose or -glucose diets. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 68:97-100. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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MR basierte Muskelvolumetrie der unteren Extremitäten von 196 Probanden und Korrelation mit Alter, Geschlecht, anthropomorphen Charakteristika und einer Lebensstilintervention. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1346634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Die Änderung der Plasmatriglyzeride während des oralen Glukosetoleranztests sagt eine Nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung und die Abnahme an Leberfett während einer Lebensstilintervention voraus. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Der FGFR4 Gly385Arg-Polymorphismus führt über eine gesteigerte Glykolyse und Lipogenese zur Fettleber. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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MR-Spektroskopie zur Analyse der Zusammensetzung verschiedener Körperfettkompartimente – intra- und interindividuelle Unterschiede im Anteil ungesättigter Fettsäuren. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1329775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Exercise-induced albuminuria is associated with perivascular renal sinus fat in individuals at increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2012; 55:2054-8. [PMID: 22526613 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2551-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Microalbuminuria represents an established surrogate marker of early diabetic nephropathy and glomerular microangiopathy. Increasing evidence is emerging of a role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) as an important link between obesity, insulin resistance and both macro- and microangiopathy. It is not known whether perivascular renal sinus fat (RSF) has an impact on microalbuminuria in the prediabetic stage. We investigated whether RSF quantified by MRI is associated with microalbuminuria before or after exercise. METHODS Non-diabetic individuals at increased risk of type 2 diabetes were recruited into the Tübingen Lifestyle Intervention Program (TULIP); 146 participants took part in the analysis. RSF was measured in axial MRI sections at the level of the renal artery. Urine was collected before and after exercise stress testing. RESULTS Participants (age 47 ± 12 years; mean ± SD) reached a mean exercise load of 176 ± 49 W, with a mean arterial peak pressure (MAPP) of 112 ± 14 mmHg. After adjusting for sex, age, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and MAPP during exercise, RSF was significantly associated with postexercise albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR; p = 0.006). No association between RSF and baseline BP could be observed after adjusting for confounders (p = 0.26), and there was no association between RSF and baseline ACR either (p = 0.2). CONCLUSIONS RSF is associated with exercise-induced albuminuria independently of sex, age, VAT and MAPP in a non-diabetic cohort at diabetic risk. We conclude that PVAT in the renal sinus may play a role in the pathogenesis of microalbuminuria.
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Perivaskuläres Nierensinusfett assoziiert mit belastungsinduzierter Albuminurie in Patienten mit erhöhtem Typ 2 Diabetesrisiko. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sexualhormon-bindendes Globulin im Blut ist bei Kindern und Jugendlichen ein guter Marker für eine Fettleber und eine Insulinresistenz. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ein weitverbreiteter Polymorphismus im PEDF-Gen determiniert sowohl Körperfettmasse als auch Insulinsensitivität und Plasma-Leptin-Spiegel. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Messung der Veränderungen der Körperzusammensetzung von Ultramarathonläufern während des Transeuropalaufes über 4.500km mittels mobilem MRT auf einem 40-Tonnen-Truck. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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The secretion pattern of perivascular fat cells is different from that of subcutaneous and visceral fat cells. Diabetologia 2012; 55:1514-25. [PMID: 22327346 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We have previously found that the mass of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) correlates negatively with insulin sensitivity and post-ischaemic increase in blood flow. To understand how PVAT communicates with vascular vessels, interactions between perivascular, subcutaneous and visceral fat cells with endothelial cells (ECs) were examined with regard to inflammatory, metabolic and angiogenic proteins. To test for possible in vivo relevance of these findings, circulating levels of the predominant secretion product, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), was measured in individuals carefully phenotyped for fat distribution patterns. METHODS Mono- and co-cultures of human primary fat cells with ECs were performed. mRNA expression and protein production were studied using Luminex, cytokine array, RealTime Ready and ELISA systems. Effects of HGF on vascular cells were determined by WST assays. In patients, HGF levels were measured by ELISA, and the mass of different fat compartments was determined by whole-body MRI. RESULTS In contrast with other fat cell types, PVAT cells released higher amounts of angiogenic factors, e.g. HGF, acidic fibroblast growth factor, thrombospondin-1, serpin-E1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein -3. Cocultures showed different expression profiles from monocultures, and mature adipocytes differed from pre-adipocytes. HGF was preferentially released by PVAT cells and stimulated EC growth and smooth muscle cell cytokine release. Finally, in 95 patients, only PVAT, not visceral or subcutaneous mass, correlated independently with serum HGF levels (p = 0.03; r = 0.225). CONCLUSIONS Perivascular (pre-)adipocytes differ substantially from other fat cells with regard to mRNA expression and protein production of angiogenic factors. This may contribute to fat tissue growth and atherosclerotic plaque complications. Higher levels of angiogenic factors, such as HGF, in patients with increased perivascular fat mass may have pathological relevance.
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High cerebral insulin sensitivity is associated with loss of body fat during lifestyle intervention. Diabetologia 2012; 55:175-82. [PMID: 21927893 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Loss of weight and body fat are major targets in lifestyle interventions to prevent diabetes. In the brain, insulin modulates eating behaviour and weight control, resulting in a negative energy balance. This study aimed to test whether cerebral insulin sensitivity facilitates reduction of body weight and body fat by lifestyle intervention in humans. METHODS The study was performed as an additional arm of the TUebingen Lifestyle Intervention Program (TULIP). In 28 non-diabetic individuals (14 female/14 male; mean ± SE age 42 ± 2 years; mean ± SE BMI 29.9 ± 0.8 kg/m²), we measured cerebrocortical insulin sensitivity by using magnetoencephalography before lifestyle intervention. Total and visceral fat were measured by using MRI at baseline and after 9 months and 2 years of lifestyle intervention. RESULTS Insulin-stimulated cerebrocortical theta activity at baseline correlated with a reduction in total adipose tissue (r = -0.59, p = 0.014) and visceral adipose tissue (r = -0.76, p = 0.001) after 9 months of lifestyle intervention, accompanied by a statistical trend for reduction in body weight change (r = -0.37, p = 0.069). Similar results were obtained after 2 years. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that high insulin sensitivity of the human brain facilitates loss of body weight and body fat during lifestyle intervention.
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Visceral obesity modulates the impact of apolipoprotein C3 gene variants on liver fat content. Int J Obes (Lond) 2011; 36:774-82. [PMID: 21829161 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2011.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has not been solved whether subjects carrying the minor alleles of the -455T>C or -482C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein-C3-gene (APOC3) have an increased risk for developing fatty liver and insulin resistance. We investigated the relationships of the SNPs with hepatic APOC3 expression and hypothesized that visceral obesity may modulate the effects of these SNPs on liver fat and insulin sensitivity (IS). METHODS APOC3 mRNA expression and triglyceride content were determined in liver biopsies from 50 subjects. In a separate group (N=330) liver fat was measured by (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. IS was estimated during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp (N=222). RESULTS APOC3 mRNA correlated positively with triglyceride content in liver biopsies (r=0.29, P=0.036). Carriers of the minor alleles (-455C and -482T) tended to have higher hepatic APOC3 mRNA expression (1.80 (0.45-3.56) vs 0.77 (0.40-1.64), P=0.09), but not higher triglyceride content (P=0.76). In 330 subjects the genotype did not correlate with liver fat (P=0.97) or IS (OGTT: P=0.41; clamp: P=0.99). However, a significant interaction of the genotype with waist circumference in determining liver fat was detected (P=0.02) in which minor allele carriers had higher liver fat only in the lowest tertile of waist circumference (P=0.01). In agreement, during a 9-month lifestyle intervention the minor allele carriers of the SNP -482C>T in the lowest tertile also had less decrease in liver fat (P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS APOC3 mRNA expression is increased in fatty liver and is regulated by SNPs in APOC3. The impact of the APOC3 SNPs on fatty liver is small and depends on visceral obesity.
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Dis-coordinated activation of de novo lipogenesis and stearoyl-CoA desaturase by monosaccharides determines liver fat accumulation in humans. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Das besondere angiogenetische und inflammatorische Potential perivaskulärer Fettzellen im Vergleich zu subkutanen und viszeralen Fettzellen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Milchfett führt im Mausmodell zur Entstehung einer cerebralen Insulinresistenz. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1277457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Quantifizierung von Ganzkörperfettkompartimenten bei adipösen Jugendlichen mittels repräsentativer Einzelschicht-MR-Bildgebung und Anthropometrie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Unterschiede in der Fettverteilung und in der Insulinsensitivität bei adipösen Personen - gibt es eine benigne Adipositas? ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Präzise automatische Segmentierung verschiedener Gewebetypen mittels Phasendifferenz in GRE-Bildern. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Veränderungen der Körpergewebezusammensetzung während des Transeuropalaufes 2009- MR-Daten von 12 Finishern. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Quantifizierung der Ganzkörperfettverteilung und Bestimmung von ektopem Fett in Leber, Pankreas und Skelettmuskulatur mittels MR-Bildgebung und MR-Spektroskopie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1279623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Effects of a lifestyle intervention in metabolically benign and malign obesity. Diabetologia 2011; 54:864-8. [PMID: 21174075 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-2006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We and others recently characterised metabolically benign or healthy obesity (MHO). In the present study we investigated whether a lifestyle intervention is sufficient to place obese insulin-resistant (OIR) individuals in a position where the possible metabolic consequences are similar to those for MHO individuals. METHODS A total of 262 non-diabetic individuals participated in a 9 month lifestyle intervention programme. Obese individuals (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m(2)) were stratified, based on their insulin sensitivity (IS) estimated from an OGTT, into MHO (IS in the upper quartile, n = 26) and OIR (IS in the lower three quartiles, n = 77). Total body and visceral fat were measured by magnetic resonance (MR) tomography and liver fat by (1)H-MR spectroscopy. RESULTS During the intervention, visceral fat decreased significantly in both groups (both p ≤ 0.009), whereas total body and liver fat decreased only in the OIR group (p < 0.0001; MHO p = 0.12 for total body fat and p = 0.47 for liver fat). IS improved in the OIR group (p < 0.0001), but remained essentially unchanged in the MHO group (p = 0.30). However, despite the significant increase in the OIR group, IS at follow-up barely exceeded 50% of the IS of the MHO group (OIR 9.30 ± 0.53 arbitrary units [AU]; MHO 16.41 ± 1.05 AU; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION IS improves during the lifestyle intervention in OIR individuals. However, it does not reach a level where adequate protection from type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is expected. Thus, stratification of obese individuals based on their metabolic phenotype is important to identify those who are likely to need early pharmacological treatment in addition to the lifestyle intervention.
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Reducing visceral adipose tissue mass is essential for improving endothelial function in type 2 diabetes prone individuals. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212:575-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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The impact of liver fat vs visceral fat in determining categories of prediabetes. Diabetologia 2010; 53:882-9. [PMID: 20099057 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease; however, their impact on these endpoints differs. Because liver fat and visceral fat are important determinants of glucose and lipid metabolism, we investigated whether these fat compartments and their humoral products, the adipokine adiponectin and the hepatokine fetuin-A, differ in their impact on the glucose categories. METHODS In 330 individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes, glucose tolerance status was determined by a 2 h 75 g OGTT. Total-body and visceral fat were precisely quantified by magnetic resonance (MR) tomography and liver fat by (1)H-MR spectroscopy. RESULTS A total of 210 individuals had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 41 isolated IFG, 43 isolated IGT and 36 IFG+IGT. Total-body fat was not different (p = 0.51), although a small but continuous increase in visceral fat was found among the categories after adjustment for age and sex (NGT: 3.07 +/- 0.10 kg; IFG: 3.11 +/- 0.21 kg; IGT: 3.61 +/- 0.21 kg; IFG+IGT: 3.84 +/- 0.23 kg [SEs], p = 0.03). A larger difference was found for liver fat (NGT: 4.73 +/- 0.42%; IFG: 5.86 +/- 0.92%; IGT: 8.65 +/- 0.92%; IFG + IGT: 11.11 +/- 1.01%, p < 0.0001). The differences among the categories were small for adiponectin (p = 0.14), but larger for fetuin-A (p = 0.015). Among fat compartments, liver fat (p < 0.0001) and among circulating variables fetuin-A (p = 0.016) were the strongest determinants of the categories. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Liver fat, more than visceral fat, strongly increases when glycaemia and glucose tolerance move from NGT to isolated IFG, isolated IGT and IFG+IGT. Because liver-derived circulating fetuin-A determines, although weakly, prediabetes categories, it is worth searching for hepatokines more strongly predicting prediabetes.
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Interscapular fat is strongly associated with insulin resistance. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Positiver Kontrast von Sehnen, Bändern und kortikalem Knochen: Neue Möglichkeiten der MR-Tomographie in der bildgebende Diagnostik des muskulo-skelettalen Systems. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1252704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Quantitative Bestimmung der viszeralen Adipositas bei extrem übergewichtigen Patienten mittels ‘wide-bore' MRT: Korrelation zur gastro-ösophagealen Refluxerkrankung. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1252562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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High cardiorespiratory fitness is an independent predictor of the reduction in liver fat during a lifestyle intervention in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut 2009; 58:1281-8. [PMID: 19074179 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.151977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lifestyle intervention with diet modification and increase in physical activity is effective for reducing hepatic steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, for a similar weight loss, there is a large variability in the change in liver fat. We hypothesised that cardiorespiratory fitness may predict the response to the intervention. DESIGN Longitudinal study with increase in physical activity and diet modification. SETTING University teaching hospital. PATIENTS 50 adults with NAFLD and 120 controls at risk for metabolic diseases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Total-, subcutaneous abdominal- and visceral adipose tissue by magnetic resonance tomography, liver fat by 1HMR spectroscopy and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO(2,max)) by a maximal cycle exercise test at baseline and after 9 months of follow-up. RESULTS In all subjects total-, subcutaneous abdominal- and visceral adipose tissue decreased and fitness increased (all p<0.0001) during the intervention. The most pronounced changes were found for liver fat (-31%, p<0.0001). Among the parameters predicting the change in liver fat, fitness at baseline emerged as the strongest factor, independently of total- and visceral adipose tissue as well as exercise intensity (p = 0.005). In the group of subjects with NAFLD at baseline, a resolution of NAFLD was found in 20 individuals. For 1 standard deviation increase in VO(2,max) at baseline the odds ratio for resolution of NAFLD was 2.79 (95% confidence interval, 1.43-6.33). CONCLUSIONS Cardiorespiratory fitness, independently of total adiposity, body fat distribution and exercise intensity, determines liver fat content in humans, suggesting that fitness and liver fat are causally related to each other. Moreover, measurement of fitness at baseline predicts the effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in reducing hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD.
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AHSG Gene Variation is not Associated with Regional Body Fat Distribution – A Magnetic Resonance Study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009; 117:432-7. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1103299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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