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Dewald G, Stallard R, Alsaadi A, Arnold S, Blough R, Ceperich TM, Rafael Elejalde B, Fink J, Higgins JV, Higgins RR, Hoeltge GA, Hsu WT, Johnson EB, Kronberger D, McCorquodale DJ, Meisner LF, Micale MA, Oseth L, Payne JS, Schwartz S, Sheldon S, Sophian A, Storto P, Van Tuinen P, Wenger GD, Wiktor A, Willis LA, Yung JF, Zenger-Hain J. A multicenter investigation with D-FISH BCR/ABL1 probes. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2000; 116:97-104. [PMID: 10640140 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(99)00120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-eight laboratories evaluated a new fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) strategy for chronic myeloid leukemia. In a three-part study, bcr/abl1 D-FISH probes were used to study bone marrow specimens. First, laboratories familiarized themselves with the strategy by applying it to known normal and abnormal specimens. Then, collectively the laboratories studied 20 normal and 20 abnormal specimens blindly and measured workload. Finally, each laboratory and two experts studied six serial dilutions with 98-0% abnormal nuclei. Using the reported normal cutoff of < 1% abnormal nuclei, participants reported no false-negative cases and 15 false-positive cases (1-6.6% abnormal nuclei). Results provided by participants for serial dilutions approximated the expected percentages of abnormal nuclei, but those from the experts exhibited greater precision. The clinical sensitivity, precision, nomenclature, workload, recommendations for training, and quality assurance in methods using D-FISH in clinical practice are discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Clinical Laboratory Techniques/standards
- Fluorescent Dyes
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/instrumentation
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/standards
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Quality Control
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Workload
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dewald
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Ing PS, Van Dyke DL, Caudill SP, Reidy JA, Bice G, Bieber FR, Buchanan PD, Carroll AJ, Cheung SW, DeWald G, Donahue RP, Gardner HA, Higgins J, Hsu LY, Jamehdor M, Keitges EA, Laundon CH, Luthardt FW, Mascarello J, May KM, Meck JM, Morton C, Patil S, Peakman D, Pettenati MJ, Rao N, Sanger WG, Saxe DF, Schwartz S, Sekhon GS, Vance GH, Wyandt HE, Yu CW, Zenger-Hain J, Chen AT. Detection of mosaicism in amniotic fluid cultures: a CYTO2000 collaborative study. Genet Med 1999; 1:94-7. [PMID: 11336459 DOI: 10.1097/00125817-199903000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the assumptions on which the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) Standards and Guidelines for detecting mosaicism in amniotic fluid cultures are based. METHODS Data from 653 cases of amniotic fluid mosaicism were collected from 26 laboratories. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used to compare the observed number of mosaic cases with the expected number based on binomial distribution theory. RESULTS Comparison of observed data from the in situ colony cases with the expected distribution of cases detected based on the binomial distribution did not reveal a significant difference (P = 0.525). CONCLUSIONS The empirical data fit the binomial distribution. Therefore, binomial theory can be used as an initial discussion point for determining whether ACMG Standards and Guidelines are adequate for detecting mosaicism.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Ing
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Dewald GW, Stallard R, Bader PI, Chen K, Zenger-Hain J, Harris CJ, Higgins R, Hirsch B, Hsu WT, Johnson E, Kubic V, Kurczynski TW, Malone JM, McCorquodale DJ, Meilinger K, Meisner LF, Moore JW, Schwartz S, Siembieda S, Storto PD, Vance G, Van Tuinen P, Wiktor A, Yung JF. Toward quality assurance for metaphase FISH: a multicenter experience. Am J Med Genet 1996; 65:190-6. [PMID: 9240742 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19961028)65:3<190::aid-ajmg4>3.0.co;2-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is rapidly becoming a part of clinical cytogenetics, no organization sponsors multicenter determinations of the efficacy of probes. We report on 23 laboratories that volunteered to provide slides and to use a probe for small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN) and a control locus. Experiences with FISH for these laboratories during 1994 ranged from 0 to 645 utilizations (median = 84) involving blood, amniotic fluid, and bone marrow. In an initial study of hybridization efficiency, the median percentage of metaphases from normal individuals showing two SNRPN and two control signals for slides prepared at each site was 97.0 (range = 74-100); for slides prepared by a central laboratory, it was 97.8 (range = 81.6-100). In a subsequent blind study, each laboratory attempted to score 5 metaphases from each of 23 specimens [8 with del(15)(q11.2-->q12) and 15 with normal #15 chromosomes]. Of 529 challenges, the correct SNRPN pattern was found in 5 of 5 metaphases in 457 (86%) and in 4 of 5 in 33 (6%). Ambiguous, incomplete, or no results were reported for 32 (6%) challenges. Seven (1%) diagnostic errors were made, including 6 false positives and 1 false negative: 1 laboratory made 3 errors, 1 made 2, and 2 made 1 each. Most errors and inconsistencies seemed due to inexperience with FISH. The working time to process and analyze slides singly averaged 49.5 min; slides processed in batches of 4 and analyzed singly required 36.9 min. We conclude that proficiency testing for FISH by using an extensive array of challenges is possible and that multiple centers can collaborate to test probes and to evaluate costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Dewald
- Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Dewald G, Stallard R, Bader PI, Chen K, Zenger-Hain J, Harris CJ, Higgins R, Hirsch B, Hsu WT, Johnson E, Kubic V, Kurczynski TW, Malone JM, McCorquodale DJ, Meilinger K, Meisner LF, Moore JW, Schwartz S, Siembieda S, Storto PD, Vance G, Van Tuinen P, Wiktor A, Yung JF. Toward quality assurance for metaphase FISH: a multi-center experience. Am J Med Genet 1996; 64:539-45. [PMID: 8870919 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19960906)64:4<539::aid-ajmg3>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Although fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is rapidly becoming a part of clinical cytogenetics, no organization sponsors multi-center determinations of the efficacy of probes. We report on 23 laboratories that volunteered to provide slides and to use a probe for SNRPN and a control locus. Experiences with FISH for these laboratories during 1994 ranged from 0 to 645 utilizations (median = 84) involving blood, amniotic fluid and bone marrow. In an initial study of hybridization efficiency, the median percentage of metaphases from normal individuals showing two SNRPN and 2 control signals for slides prepared at each site was 97.0 (range = 74-100); for slides prepared by a central laboratory, it was 97.8 (range = 81.6-100). In a subsequent blind study, each laboratory attempted to score 5 metaphases from each of 23 specimens [8 with del(15) (q11.2-->q12) and 15 with normal 15 chromosomes]. Of 529 challenges, the correct SNRPN pattern was found in 5 of 5 metaphases in 457 (86%) and in 4 of 5 in 33 (6%). Ambiguous, incomplete or no results were reported for 32 (6%) challenges. Seven (1%) diagnostic errors were made including 6 false positives and 1 false negative: 1 laboratory made 3 errors, 1 made 2, and 2 made 1 each. Most errors and inconsistencies seemed due to inexperience with FISH. The working time to process and analyze slides singly averaged 49.5 minutes; slides processed in batches of 4 and analyzed singly required 36.9 minutes. We conclude that proficiency testing for FISH using an extensive array of challenges is possible and that multiple centers can collaborate to test probes and to evaluate costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dewald
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Abstract
Trisomy 12 observed in chorionic villus sampling (CVS) may reflect generalized mosaicism or indicate mosaicism confined to only the placenta. In this report, four cases of trisomy 12 observed in CVS or cultured placental biopsies with varying outcomes are presented. Seven dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms for chromosome 12 were used to determine the chromosome 12 origins in the fetus or child and to delineate the mechanism(s) that gave rise to the trisomy. In two cases (cases A and C), the mosaicism was confined to the placenta, resulting in normal liveborns. Although, in one case, the molecular results suggested an apparent duplication of one paternal chromosome 12 in the placenta, normal biparental inheritance was found in the diploid fetal cell line in both cases. In two other cases (cases B and D), trisomy 12 was observed in both extraembryonic and fetal tissues. In one of these pregnancies, a child was born by Caesarean section at 37 weeks because of intrauterine growth retardation and oligohydramnios, and resulted in neonatal death. Molecular markers and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed low-level trisomy 12 mosaicism in the spleen. In the fourth case, fetal abnormalities were detected on ultrasound and low-level trisomy 12 mosaicism was observed in amniotic fluid cells using conventional cytogenetics and FISH. Molecular markers revealed a maternal meiosis I non-disjunction of chromosome 12 in DNA from a cultured placental biopsy. Although predicting the outcomes of pregnancies involving confined placental mosaicism remains difficult, molecular techniques are valuable tools for distinguishing uniparental from biparental disomy and mechanisms of mosaicism.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Z Bischoff
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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