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Camoying MG, Thoms S, Geuer JK, Koch BP, Bischof K, Trimborn S. In contrast to diatoms, cryptophytes are susceptible to iron limitation, but not to ocean acidification. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13614. [PMID: 35199361 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous field studies in the Southern Ocean (SO) indicated an increased occurrence and dominance of cryptophytes over diatoms due to climate change. To gain a better mechanistic understanding of how the two ecologically important SO phytoplankton groups cope with ocean acidification (OA) and iron (Fe) availability, we chose two common representatives of Antarctic waters, the cryptophyte Geminigera cryophila and the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata. Both species were grown at 2°C under different pCO2 (400 vs. 900 μatm) and Fe (0.6 vs. 1.2 nM) conditions. For P. subcurvata, an additional high pCO2 level was applied (1400 μatm). At ambient pCO2 under low Fe supply, growth of G. cryophila almost stopped while it remained unaffected in P. subcurvata. Under high Fe conditions, OA was not beneficial for P. subcurvata, but stimulated growth and carbon production of G. cryophila. Under low Fe supply, P. subcurvata coped much better with OA than the cryptophyte, but invested more energy into photoacclimation. Our study reveals that Fe limitation was detrimental for the growth of G. cryophila and suppressed the positive OA effect. The diatom was efficient in coping with low Fe, but was stressed by OA while both factors together strongly impacted its growth. The distinct physiological response of both species to OA and Fe limitation explains their occurrence in the field. Based on our results, Fe availability is an important modulator of OA effects on SO phytoplankton, with different implications on the occurrence of cryptophytes and diatoms in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne G Camoying
- Ecological Chemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Silke Thoms
- Ecological Chemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jana K Geuer
- Ecological Chemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Boris P Koch
- Ecological Chemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Department of Technology, University of Applied Sciences Bremerhaven, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Kai Bischof
- Marine Botany & MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Scarlett Trimborn
- Ecological Chemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Marine Botany & MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Koch BP, Ksionzek KB, Lechtenfeld OJ, McCallister SL, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Geuer JK, Geibert W. Response to Comment on “Dissolved organic sulfur in the ocean: Biogeochemistry of a petagram inventory”. Science 2017; 356:813. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aam6328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris P. Koch
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Applied Sciences, An der Karlstadt 8, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Kerstin B. Ksionzek
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Oliver J. Lechtenfeld
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - S. Leigh McCallister
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biology, Center for Environmental Studies, 1000 West Cary Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Alte Akademie 10, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jana K. Geuer
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Walter Geibert
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Shimizu S, den Hoedt SM, Mangas-Sanjuan V, Cristea S, Geuer JK, van den Berg DJ, Hartman R, Bellanti F, de Lange ECM. Target-Site Investigation for the Plasma Prolactin Response: Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Risperidone and Paliperidone in the Rat. Drug Metab Dispos 2016; 45:152-159. [PMID: 27836941 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.116.072306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the drivers in the biological system response to dopamine D2 receptor antagonists, a mechanistic semiphysiologically based (PB) pharmacokinetic-pharmacodymanic (PKPD) model was developed to describe prolactin responses to risperidone (RIS) and its active metabolite paliperidone (PAL). We performed a microdialysis study in rats to obtain detailed plasma, brain extracellular fluid (ECF), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of PAL and RIS. To assess the impact of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) functioning on brain distribution, we performed experiments in the absence or presence of the P-gp inhibitor tariquidar (TQD). PK and PKPD modeling was performed by nonlinear mixed-effect modeling. Plasma, brain ECF, and CSF PK values of RIS and PAL were well described by a 12-compartmental semi-PBPK model, including metabolic conversion of RIS to PAL. P-gp efflux functionality was identified on brain ECF for RIS and PAL and on CSF only for PAL. In the PKPD analysis, the plasma drug concentrations were more relevant than brain ECF or CSF concentrations to explain the prolactin response; the estimated EC50 was in accordance with reports in the literature for both RIS and PAL. We conclude that for RIS and PAL, the plasma concentrations better explain the prolactin response than do brain ECF or CSF concentrations. This research shows that PKPD modeling is of high value to delineate the target site of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Shimizu
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M den Hoedt
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Mangas-Sanjuan
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sinziana Cristea
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jana K Geuer
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk-Jan van den Berg
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robin Hartman
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Francisco Bellanti
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth C M de Lange
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ksionzek KB, Lechtenfeld OJ, McCallister SL, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Geuer JK, Geibert W, Koch BP. Dissolved organic sulfur in the ocean: Biogeochemistry of a petagram inventory. Science 2016; 354:456-459. [PMID: 27789839 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf7796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Although sulfur is an essential element for marine primary production and critical for climate processes, little is known about the oceanic pool of nonvolatile dissolved organic sulfur (DOS). We present a basin-scale distribution of solid-phase extractable DOS in the East Atlantic Ocean and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Although molar DOS versus dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) ratios of 0.11 ± 0.024 in Atlantic surface water resembled phytoplankton stoichiometry (sulfur/nitrogen ~ 0.08), increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) versus DOS ratios and decreasing methionine-S yield demonstrated selective DOS removal and active involvement in marine biogeochemical cycles. Based on stoichiometric estimates, the minimum global inventory of marine DOS is 6.7 petagrams of sulfur, exceeding all other marine organic sulfur reservoirs by an order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin B Ksionzek
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Oliver J Lechtenfeld
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Leigh McCallister
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Biology, Center for Environmental Studies, 1000 West Cary Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Technische Universität München, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Alte Akademie 10, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jana K Geuer
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Walter Geibert
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Boris P Koch
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. University of Applied Sciences, An der Karlstadt 8, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany.
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