Tariq M, Shahab S, Saeed JR, Hussain Z, Zaidi U, Farzana T, Ahmad S. Impact of MLL::AF9 Gene Rearrangement on Survival of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Patients: An Insight into Pakistani Population.
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2024;
34:424-428. [PMID:
38576284 DOI:
10.29271/jcpsp.2024.04.424]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To ascertain the frequency of the MLL::AF9 gene rearrangement and its association with survival in Pakistani patients suffering from acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).
STUDY DESIGN
Analytical study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Haematology, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan, from 2015 to 2020.
METHODOLOGY
Patients without a history of past AML chemotherapy, aged from 10 to 75 years, were included. Individuals with metastatic cancer, chronic myeloid leukaemia, or other haematological conditions were excluded. Identifying the MLL::AF9 gene involved RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and Real-time PCR amplification. The Chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between survival and the MLL::AF9 mutation. A Welch two-sample t-test was used to evaluate survival days depending on the MLL::AF9 gene rearrangement, while ANOVA was used to analyse survival days across various death statuses.
RESULTS
The mean age of 130 patients was 36.65 ± 13.01 years, with 64.62% being males. The most common leukaemia type was AML-M2 (n = 32, 24.62%). During the study follow-up, 22.31% were still alive, 40.77% died, and the status of 36.92% were unknown. MLL::AF9 gene rearrangement was present in 11.54%. The group with MLL::AF9 gene rearrangement had significantly longer mean 'survival days' (1,542.33 ± 926.07) compared to the group without the gene rearrangement (206.42 ± 359.57, p <0.001).
CONCLUSION
MLL-AF9 mutation was present in 11.54%. Age and MLL::AF9 gene rearrangement were significant predictors of survival in leukaemia patients.
KEY WORDS
Acute myeloid leukaemia, MLL::AF9, Gene rearrangement, Survival.
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