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Polydentate Amidinato-Silylenes, -Germylenes and -Stannylenes. Chemistry 2024:e202400786. [PMID: 38606572 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
This review article focuses on amidinatotetrylenes that potentially can (or have already shown to) behave as bi- or tridentate ligands because they contain at least one amidinatotetrylene moiety (silylene, germylene or stannylene) and one (or more) additional coordinable fragment(s). Currently, they are being widely used as ligands in coordination chemistry, small molecule activation and catalysis. This review classifies those that have been isolated as transition metal-free compounds into five families that differ in the position(s) of the donor group(s) (D) on the amidinatotetrylene moiety, namely: ED{R1NC(R2)NR1}, EX{DNC(R2)NR1}, EX{R1NC(D)NR1}, EX{DNC(R2)ND} and E{R1NC(R2)ND}2 (E = Si, Ge or Sn). Those that do not exist as transition metal-free compounds but have been observed as ligands in transition metal complexes are cyclometallated and ring-opened amidinatotetrylene ligands. This article presents schematic descriptions of their structures, the approaches used for their syntheses and a quick overview of their involvement (as ligands) in transition metal-catalysed reactions. The literature is covered up to the end of 2023.
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2
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A cross-metathesis approach for polymetallic [FeFe]-hydrogenase mimics. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:3756-3764. [PMID: 38304983 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04197b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
A method has been developed for synthesizing [FeFe]-H2ase mimics with diverse structures and properties, employing cross-metathesis of olefins. Vinylmetallocenes (5 and 6) and vinyl half-sandwich complexes (10 and 11) have been used as cross-metathesis partners with [FeFe]-H2ase mimics (4, 8, and 9) bearing a double bond in the moiety attached to the ADT-bridge nitrogen. Electrochemical studies of these complexes, encompassing metallocene-type (7a-b, 12a-b, and 13a-b) as well as half-sandwich derivatives (12c and 13c-d), have demonstrated that the introduction of a redox unit has a marginal impact on the reduction potential of these [FeFe]-H2ase mimics. The application of this cross-metathesis approach has allowed the synthesis of [FeFe]-H2ase mimics featuring an Ir(III) electrochemical antenna (16-18) as well as systems having an electron-donor-photosensitizer structure (ED-PS) (23). The electrocatalytic properties of these complexes have been elucidated through electrochemical studies.
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Amidinatotetrylenes Donor Functionalized on Both N Atoms: Structures and Coordination Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3118-3128. [PMID: 38289155 PMCID: PMC10865366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
E(hmds)(bqfam) (E = Ge (1a), Sn (1b); hmds = N(SiMe3)2, bqfam = N,N'-bis(quinol-8-yl)formamidinate), which are amidinatotetrylenes equipped with quinol-8-yl fragments on the amidinate N atoms, have been synthesized from the formamidine Hbqfam and Ge(hmds)2 or SnCl(hmds). Both 1a and 1b are fluxional in solution at room temperature, as the E atom oscillates from being attached to the two amidinate N atoms to being chelated by an amidinate N atom and its closest quinolyl N atom (both situations are similarly stable according to density functional theory calculations). The hmds group of 1a and 1b is still reactive and the deprotonation of another equivalent of Hbqfam can be achieved, allowing the formation of the homoleptic derivatives E(bqfam)2 (E = Ge, Sn). The reactions of 1a and 1b with [AuCl(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene), [PdCl2(MeCN)2], [PtCl2(cod)] (cod = cycloocta-1,5-diene), [Ru3(CO)12] and [Co2(CO)8] have been investigated. The gold(I) complexes [AuCl{κE-E(hmds)(bqfam)}] (E = Ge, Sn) have a monodentate κE-tetrylene ligand and display fluxional behavior in solution the same as that of 1a and 1b. However, the palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes [MCl{κ3E,N,N'-ECl(hmds)(bqfam)}] (M = Pd, Pt; E = Ge, Sn) contain a κ3E,N,N'-chloridotetryl ligand that arises from the insertion of the tetrylene E atom into an M-Cl bond and the coordination of an amidinate N atom and its closest quinolyl N atom to the metal center. Finally, the binuclear ruthenium(0) and cobalt(0) complexes [Ru2{μE-κ3E,N,N'-E(hmds)(bqfam)}(CO)6] and [Co2{μE-κ3E,N,N'-E(hmds)(bqfam)}(μ-CO)(CO)4] (E = Ge, Sn) have a related κ3E,N,N'-tetrylene ligand that bridges two metal atoms through the E atom. For the κ3E,N,N'-metal complexes, the quinolyl fragment not attached to the metal is pendant in all the germanium compounds but, for the tin derivatives, is attached to (in the Pd and Pt complexes) or may interact with (in the Ru2 and Co2 complexes) the tin atom.
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Fast and scalable solvent-free access to Lappert's heavier tetrylenes E{N(SiMe 3) 2} 2 (E = Ge, Sn, Pb) and ECl{N(SiMe 3) 2} (E = Ge, Sn). Chem Sci 2023; 14:12477-12483. [PMID: 38020393 PMCID: PMC10646885 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02709k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Iconic Lappert's heavier tetrylenes E{N(SiMe3)2}2 (E = Ge (1), Sn (2), Pb (3)) have been efficiently prepared from GeCl2·(1,4-dioxane), SnCl2 or PbCl2 and Li{N(SiMe3)2} via a completely solvent-free one-pot mechanochemical route followed by sublimation. This fast, high-yielding and scalable approach (2 has been prepared in a 100 mmol scale), which involves a small environmental footprint, represents a remarkable improvement over any synthetic route reported over the last five decades, being a so far rare example of the use of mechanochemistry in the realm of main group chemistry. This solventless route has been successfully extended to the preparation of other heavier tetrylenes, such as ECl{N(SiMe3)2} (E = Ge (4), Sn (5)).
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5
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Correction: Fast and scalable solvent-free access to Lappert's heavier tetrylenes E{N(SiMe 3) 2} 2 (E = Ge, Sn, Pb) and ECl{N(SiMe 3) 2} (E = Ge, Sn). Chem Sci 2023; 14:12796-12797. [PMID: 38020369 PMCID: PMC10646939 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc90211k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D3SC02709K.].
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Synthesis and Some Coordination Chemistry of Phosphane-Difunctionalized Bis(amidinato)-Heavier Tetrylenes: A Previously Unknown Class of PEP Tetrylenes (E = Ge and Sn). Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15502-15509. [PMID: 37696246 PMCID: PMC10523440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The bis(amidinato)-heavier tetrylenes E(bzamP)2 (E = Ge (2a) and Sn (2b); bzamP = N-isopropyl-N'-(diphenylphosphanylethyl)benzamidinate), which are equipped with one heavier tetrylene (germylene or stannylene) and two phosphane fragments (one on each amidinate moiety) as coordinable groups, have been synthesized from the benzamidinum salt [H2bzamP]Cl and GeCl2(dioxane) or SnCl2 in 2:1 mol ratio. A preliminary inspection of their coordination chemistry has shown that their amidinate group can also be involved in the bonding with the metal atoms as tridentate ENP and tetradentate PENP' coordination modes have been observed for the ECl(bzamP)2 ligand of [Ir{κ3E,N,P-ECl(bzamP)2}(cod)] (E = Ge (3a) and Sn (3b); cod = η4-1,5-cyclooctadiene) and the E(bzamP)2 ligand of [Ni{κ4E,N,P,P'-E(bzamP)2}] (E = Ge (4a) and Sn (4b)), which are products of reactions of 2a and 2b with [IrCl(cod)]2 (1:0.5 mol ratio) and [Ni(cod)2] (1:1 mol ratio), respectively. These products contain a 5-membered NCNEM ring that results from the insertion of the metal M atom into an E-N bond of 2a and 2b. Additionally, while iridium(I) complexes 3a and 3b are chloridotetryl derivatives (insertion of the tetrylene E atom into the Ir-Cl bond has also occurred) that have an uncoordinated phosphane group, nickel(0) complexes 4a and 4b contain a tetrylene fragment that, maintaining the lone pair, behaves as a σ-acceptor (Z-type) ligand.
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Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysical Properties of Platinum(II) ( N, C, N') Pincer Complexes Derived from Purine Nucleobases†. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:8232-8248. [PMID: 37199376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of Pt{κ3-N,C,N'-[L]}X (X = Cl, RC≡C) pincer complexes derived from purine and purine nucleosides is reported. In these complexes, the 6-phenylpurine skeleton provides the N,C-cyclometalated fragment, whereas an amine, imine, or pyridine substituent of the phenyl ring supplies the additional N'-coordination point to the pincer complex. The purine N,C-fragment has two coordination positions with the metal (N1 and N7), but the formation of the platinum complexes is totally regioselective. Coordination through the N7 position leads to the thermodynamically favored [6.5]-Pt{κ3-N7,C,N'-[L]}X complexes. However, the coordination through the N1 position is preferred by the amino derivatives, leading to the isomeric kinetic [5.5]-Pt{κ3-N1,C,N'-[L]}X complexes. Extension of the reported methodology to complexes having both pincer and acetylide ligands derived from nucleosides allows the preparation of novel heteroleptic bis-nucleoside compounds that could be regarded as organometallic models of Pt-induced interstrand cross-link. Complexes having amine or pyridine arms are green phosphorescence emitters upon photoexcitation at low concentrations in CH2Cl2 solution and in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films. They undergo self-quenching at high concentrations due to molecular aggregation. The presence of intermolecular π-π stacking and weak Pt···Pt interactions was also observed in the solid state by X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Frontispiece: Tetrelanes
versus
Tetrylenes as Precursors to Transition Metal Complexes Featuring Tridentate PEP Tetryl Ligands (E=Si, Ge, Sn). Chemistry 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202381861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Tetrelanes versus Tetrylenes as Precursors to Transition Metal Complexes Featuring Tridentate PEP Tetryl Ligands (E=Si, Ge, Sn). Chemistry 2022; 29:e202203096. [PMID: 36458645 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Two synthetic approaches have until now been used to synthesize transition metal complexes having a tridentate (pincer or tripod) PEP tetryl (E=Si, Ge, Sn) ligand. These approaches differ in the metal-free precursor, tetrelane or tetrylene, that gives rise to the corresponding PEP tetryl ligand. Tetrelanes (PSiP silanes, PGeP germanes and PSnP stannanes and simple phosphane-free stannanes) have led to tetryl ligands by oxidatively adding an E-X bond (X=H, C or halogen in most cases) to the metal atom of a low-valent transition metal complex, whereas tetrylenes (PGeP germylenes and PSnP stannylenes) have led to tetryl ligands upon insertion of their E atom into an M-X bond (X=Cl in most cases) of the metal precursor or through a derivatization of the E atom after the tetrylene fragment is coordinated to the metal. For each synthetic approach, all the currently known types of PEP tetryl ligand frameworks that have been found in transition metal complexes are presented and discussed in this review.
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Dipyrromethane‐Based PGeP Pincer Germyl Rhodium Complexes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200847. [PMID: 35612568 PMCID: PMC9545308 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A family of germyl rhodium complexes derived from the PGeP germylene 2,2’‐bis(di‐isopropylphosphanylmethyl)‐5,5’‐dimethyldipyrromethane‐1,1’‐diylgermanium(II), Ge(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2 (1), has been prepared. Germylene 1 reacted readily with [RhCl(PPh3)3] and [RhCl(cod)(PPh3)] (cod=1,5‐cyclooctadiene) to give, in both cases, the PGeP‐pincer chloridogermyl rhodium(I) derivative [Rh{κ3P,Ge,P‐GeCl(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}(PPh3)] (2). Similarly, the reaction of 1 with [RhCl(cod)(MeCN)] afforded [Rh{κ3P,Ge,P‐GeCl(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}(MeCN)] (3). The methoxidogermyl and methylgermyl rhodium(I) complexes [Rh{κ3P,Ge,P‐GeR(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}(PPh3)] (R=OMe, 4; Me, 5) were prepared by treating complex 2 with LiOMe and LiMe, respectively. Complex 5 readily reacted with CO to give the carbonyl rhodium(I) derivative [Rh{κ3P,Ge,P‐GeR(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}(CO)] (6), with HCl, HSnPh3 and Ph2S2 rendering the pentacoordinate methylgermyl rhodium(III) complexes [RhHX{κ3P,Ge,P‐GeMe(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}] (X=Cl, 7; SnPh3, 8) and [Rh(SPh)2{κ3P,Ge,P‐GeMe(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}] (9), respectively, and with H2 to give the hexacoordinate derivative [RhH2{κ3P,Ge,P‐GeMe(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}(PPh3)] (10). Complexes 3 and 5 are catalyst precursors for the hydroboration of styrene, 4‐vinyltoluene and 4‐vinylfluorobenzene with catecholborane under mild conditions.
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Advances in the synthesis and reactivity of group 6 metal allenyls. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Stannylenes based on pyrrole-phosphane and dipyrromethane-diphosphane scaffolds: syntheses and behavior as precursors to PSnP pincer palladium(II), palladium(0) and gold(I) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16122-16132. [PMID: 34668918 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02967c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
2-Ditertbutylphosphanylmethylpyrrole (H2pyrmPtBu2) and 2,2'-bis(diisopropylphosphanylmethyl)-5,5'-dimethyldipyrromethane ((HpyrmPiPr2)2CMe2) have been used to synthesize new P-donor-stabilized stannylenes in which the Sn atom is attached to one, SnCl(HpyrmPtBu2) (1) and Sn{N(SiMe3)2}(HpyrmPtBu2) (2), or two pyrrolyl-phosphane scaffolds, Sn(HpyrmPtBu2)2 (3), or to a dipyrromethane-diphosphane scaffold, Sn(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2 (4). It has been found that stannylenes 3 and 4 are excellent precursors to transition metal complexes containing PSnP pincer-type ligands. Their reactions with chlorido transition metal complexes have afforded [PdCl{κ3P,Sn,P-SnCl(HpyrmPtBu2)2}] (6), [PdCl{κ3P,Sn,P-SnCl(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}] (7) and [Au{κ3P,Sn,P-SnCl(HpyrmPtBu2)2}] (8), which contain a PSnP pincer-type chloridostannyl ligand. While complexes 6 and 7 are square-planar palladium(II) complexes, compound 8 is an uncommon gold(I) complex having a T-shaped coordination geometry with a very long Sn-Au bond (3.120 Å). The T-shaped palladium(0) complex [Pd{κ3P,Sn,P-Sn(pyrmPiPr2)2CMe2}] (9), which contains an unprecedented PSnP pincer-type stannylene that behaves as a Z-type (σ-acceptor) ligand, has been prepared from 4 and [Pd(η3-C3H5)(η5-C5H5)].
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Alternative Conceptual Approach to the Design of Bifunctional Catalysts: An Osmium Germylene System for the Dehydrogenation of Formic Acid. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16860-16870. [PMID: 34657436 PMCID: PMC8564761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
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The reaction of the hexahydride OsH6(PiPr3)2 with a P,Ge,P-germylene-diphosphine
affords
an osmium tetrahydride derivative bearing a Ge,P-chelate, which arises
from the hydrogenolysis of a P–C(sp3) bond. This
Os(IV)–Ge(II) compound is a pioneering example of a bifunctional
catalyst based on the coordination of a σ-donor acid, which
is active in the dehydrogenation of formic acid to H2 and CO2. The kinetics
of the dehydrogenation, the characterization of the resting state
of the catalysis, and DFT calculations point out that the hydrogen
formation (the fast stage) exclusively occurs on the coordination
sphere of the basic metal center, whereas both the metal center and
the σ-donor Lewis acid cooperatively participate in the CO2 release (the rate-determining step). During the process,
the formate group pivots around the germanium to approach its hydrogen
atom to the osmium center, which allows its transfer to the metal
and the CO2 release. An alternative
class of bifunctional catalysts can be assembled
by coordination of σ-donor Lewis acids to platinum-group-metal
basic fragments. In contrast to what happens with the previously reported
bifunctional catalysts, this design allows enhancing the basicity
of the base and the acidity of the acid. According to this, a bifunctional
catalyst for the dehydrogenation of formic acid, based on an osmium(IV)-germylene
cooperative system, has been prepared and the mechanism of the catalysis
established.
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Cyclometallation of Heavier Tetrylenes: Reported Complexes and Applications in Catalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dipyrromethane‐Based PGeP Pincer Methylgermyl and Methoxidogermyl Nickel and Palladium Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Reactions of Late First‐Row Transition Metal (Fe‐Zn) Dichlorides with a PGeP Pincer Germylene. Chemistry 2021; 27:4985-4992. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Phosphane-functionalized heavier tetrylenes: synthesis of silylene- and germylene-decorated phosphanes and their reactions with Group 10 metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8331-8339. [PMID: 32515774 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01727b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stable phosphane-functionalized heavier tetrylenes E(tBu2bzam)pyrmPtBu2 (E = Si (1Si), Ge (1Ge); tBu2bzam = N,N'-ditertbutylbenzamidinate; HpyrmPtBu2 = ditertbutyl(2-pyrrolylmethyl)phosphane) have been prepared by reacting the amidinatotetrylenes E(tBu2bzam)Cl (E = Si, Ge) with LipyrmPtBu2. The reactions of 1Si and 1Ge with selected M0 and MII (M = Ni, Pd, Pt) metal precursors have allowed the synthesis of square-planar [MCl2{κ2E,P-E(tBu2bzam)pyrmPtBu2}] (M = Ni, Pd, Pt; E = Si, Ge), tetrahedral [Ni{κ2E,P-E(tBu2bzam)pyrmPtBu2}(cod)] (E = Si, Ge; cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and triangular [M{κ2E,P-E(tBu2bzam)pyrmPtBu2}(PPh3)] (M = Pd, Pt; E = Si, Ge) complexes, showing that 1Si and 1Ge are excellent Si,P- and Ge,P-chelating ligands that, due to their large steric bulk, are able to stabilize three-coordinate Pd0 and Pt0 complexes.
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Reactivity of Amidinatosilylenes and Amidinatogermylenes with [PtMe 2(η 4-cod)]: cis- versus trans-[PtMe 2L 2] Complexes and Cyclometalation Reactions. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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The Transition Metal Chemistry of PGeP and PSnP Pincer Heavier Tetrylenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Front Cover: The Transition Metal Chemistry of PGeP and PSnP Pincer Heavier Tetrylenes (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 10/2020). Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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A Z-type PGeP pincer germylene ligand in a T-shaped palladium(0) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14095-14097. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06614a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An unusual T-shaped palladium(0) complex having a σ-acceptor (Z-type) germylene scaffold has been prepared from a dipyrromethane-based PGeP germylene.
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A Germylene Supported by Two 2‐Pyrrolylphosphane Groups as Precursor to PGeP Pincer Square‐Planar Group 10 Metal(II) and T‐Shaped Gold(I) Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:12423-12430. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Two Types of σ‐Allenyl Complexes from Reactions of Silylenes and Germylenes with Chromium Fischer Alkynyl(alkoxy)carbenes. Chemistry 2019; 25:8635-8642. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Unexpected Zwitterionic Allenyls from Silylenes and a Fischer Alkynylcarbene: A Remarkable Silylene-Promoted Rearrangement. Chemistry 2019; 25:2222-2225. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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A dipyrromethane-based diphosphane–germylene as precursor to tetrahedral copper(i) and T-shaped silver(i) and gold(i) PGeP pincer complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13273-13280. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03045j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A dipyrromethane-based PGeP germylene has allowed the synthesis of unusual tetrahedral copper(i) and T-shaped silver(i) and gold(i) germyl complexes.
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Mesityl(amidinato)tetrylenes as ligands in iridium(i) and iridium(iii) complexes: silicon versus germanium and simple κ1-coordination versus cyclometallation. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10996-11003. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01853k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of the germylene Ge(tBu2bzam)Mes with [Ir2(μ-Cl)2(η4-cod)2] and [Ir2Cl2(μ-Cl)2(η5-Cp*)2] differs considerably from that previously communicated for the isostructural silylene Si(tBu2bzam)Mes.
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Reversible Carbene Insertion into a Ge−N Bond and Insights into CO and Carbene Substitution Reactions Involving Amidinatogermylenes and Fischer Carbene Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 25:1588-1594. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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From a PGeP Pincer-Type Germylene to Metal Complexes Featuring Chelating (Ir) and Tripodal (Ir) PGeP Germyl and Bridging (Mn2) and Chelating (Ru) PGeP Germylene Ligands. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Synthesis and some coordination chemistry of the PSnP pincer-type stannylene Sn(NCH 2P tBu 2) 2C 6H 4, attempts to prepare the PSiP analogue, and the effect of the E atom on the molecular structures of E(NCH 2P tBu 2) 2C 6H 4 (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn). Dalton Trans 2018; 47:4534-4544. [PMID: 29509192 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04561a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The non-donor-stabilized PSnP pincer-type stannylene Sn(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4 (1) has been prepared by treating SnCl2 with Li2(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4. All attempts to synthesize the analogous PSiP silylene by reduction of the (previously unknown) silanes SiCl2(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4 (2), SiHCl(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4 (3) and SiH(HMDS)(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4 (4; HMDS = N(SiMe3)2) have been unsuccessful. The almost planar (excluding the tert-butyl groups) molecular structure of stannylene 1 (determined by X-ray crystallography) has been rationalized with the help of DFT calculations, which have shown that, in the series of diphosphanetetrylenes E(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4 (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn), the most stable conformation of the compounds with E = Ge and Sn has both P atoms very close to the EN2C6H4 plane, near (interacting with) the E atom, whereas for the compounds with E = C and Si, both phosphane groups are located at one side of the EN2C6H4 plane and far away from the E atom. The size of the E atom and the strength of stabilizing donor-acceptor PE interactions (both increase on going down in group 14) are key factors in determining the molecular structures of these diphosphanetetrylenes. The syntheses of the chloridostannyl complexes [Rh{κ2Sn,P-SnCl(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4}(η4-cod)] (5), [RuCl{κ2Sn,P-SnCl(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4}(η6-cym)] (6) and [IrCl{κ2Sn,P-SnCl(NCH2PtBu2)2C6H4}(η5-C5Me5)] (7) have demonstrated the tendency of stannylene 1 to insert its Sn atom into M-Cl bonds of transition metal complexes and the preference of the resulting PSnP chloridostannyl group to act as a κ2Sn,P-chelating ligand, maintaining an uncoordinated phosphane fragment. X-ray diffraction data (of 6), 31P{1H} NMR data (of 5-7) and DFT calculations (on 6) are consistent with the existence of a weak PSn interaction involving the non-coordinated P atom of complexes 5-7, similar to that found in stannylene 1.
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Ruthenium Carbene Complexes Analogous to Grubbs-I Catalysts Featuring Germylenes as Ancillary Ligands. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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From a Diphosphanegermylene to Nickel, Palladium, and Platinum Complexes Containing Germyl PGeP Pincer Ligands. Chemistry 2017; 23:15107-15115. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
The insertion of carbene ligands into Ge-N (three examples) and Si-N (one example) bonds has been achieved for the first time by treating Fischer carbene complexes (M=W, Cr) with bulky amidinatotetrylenes (E=Ge, Si). These reactions, which start with a nucleophilic attack of the amidinatotetrylene heavier group 14 atom to the carbene C atom, proceed through a stereoselective insertion of the carbene fragment into an E-N bond of the amidinatotetrylene ENCN four-membered ring, leading to [M(CO)5 L] derivatives in which L belongs to a novel family of tetrylene ligands comprising an ECNCN five-membered ring.
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Facile cyclometallation of a mesitylsilylene: synthesis and preliminary catalytic activity of iridium(iii) and iridium(v) iridasilacyclopentenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:10275-10278. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04832g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The cyclometallation of a monosilylene has been achieved in iridium(iii) and iridium(v) complexes; the former catalyse arene deuteriations and borylations.
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Octahedral manganese(i) and ruthenium(ii) complexes containing 2-(methylamido)pyridine–borane as a tripod κ3N,H,H-ligand. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:4009-4017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00378a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The borane adduct of the 2-(methylamido)pyridine anion has been incorporated into octahedral metal (Mn, Ru) complexes and their bonding has been studied by theoretical methods (DFT, QTAIM).
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Synthesis and initial transition metal chemistry of the first PGeP pincer-type germylene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:893-896. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09283g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first PGeP pincer-type germylene has been synthesized. Its divalent Ge atom easily inserts into M–M and M–Cl bonds, giving rise to products that contain a PGeP bridging germylene or a PGeP pincer chlorogermyl ligand.
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2-(Methylamido)pyridine–Borane: A Tripod κ3-N,H,H Ligand in Trigonal Bipyramidal Rhodium(I) and Iridium(I) Complexes with an Asymmetric Coordination of Its BH3 Group. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8905-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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[MnBrL(CO)4] (L = Amidinatogermylene): Reductive Dimerization, Carbonyl Substitution, and Hydrolysis Reactions. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fully Borylated Methane and Ethane by Ruthenium‐Mediated Cleavage and Coupling of CO. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Fully Borylated Methane and Ethane by Ruthenium-Mediated Cleavage and Coupling of CO. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4707-10. [PMID: 26953905 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Many transition-metal complexes and some metal-free compounds are able to bind carbon monoxide, a molecule which has the strongest chemical bond in nature. However, very few of them have been shown to induce the cleavage of its C-O bond and even fewer are those that are able to transform CO into organic reagents with potential in organic synthesis. This work shows that bis(pinacolato)diboron, B2pin2, reacts with ruthenium carbonyl to give metallic complexes containing borylmethylidyne (CBpin) and diborylethyne (pinBC≡CBpin) ligands and also metal-free perborylated C1 and C2 products, such as C(Bpin)4 and C2 (Bpin)6, respectively, which have great potential as building blocks for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and other reactions. The use of (13)CO-enriched ruthenium carbonyl has demonstrated that the boron-bound carbon atoms of all of these reaction products arise from CO ligands.
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Intramolecularly Stabilized Heavier Tetrylenes: From Monodentate to Bidentate Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Reactivity Studies on a Binuclear Ruthenium(0) Complex Equipped with a Bridging κ2N,Ge-Amidinatogermylene Ligand. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4850-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Amidinatogermylene Derivatives of Ruthenium Carbonyl: New Insights into the Reactivity of [Ru3(CO)12] with Two-Electron-Donor Reagents of High Basicity. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2983-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Conversion of a Monodentate Amidinate–Germylene Ligand into Chelating Imine–Germanate Ligands (on Mononuclear Manganese Complexes). Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8735-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501418p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Ring Opening and Bidentate Coordination of Amidinate Germylenes and Silylenes on Carbonyl Dicobalt Complexes: The Importance of a Slight Difference in Ligand Volume. Chemistry 2014; 20:8654-63. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Steric effects in the reactions of amidinate germylenes with ruthenium carbonyl: isolation of a coordinatively unsaturated diruthenium(0) derivative. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05972g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinatively unsaturated germylene-bridged diruthenium(0) complexes have been prepared by treating [Ru3(CO)12] with amidinate germylenes of the type Ge(R1bzamR2)(HMDS), but only when the amidinate contains just one very bulky R group (tBu) (not two).
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Reactivity of a (Bis-NHC)tricarbonylruthenium(0) Complex with Methyl Triflate and Methyl Iodide. Formation of Methyl- and Acetylruthenium(II) Derivatives: Experimental Results and Mechanistic DFT Calculations. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400534n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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