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Schwarzlose RF, Filippi CA, Myers MJ, Harper J, Camacho MC, Smyser TA, Rogers CE, Shimony JS, Warner BB, Luby JL, Barch DM, Pine DS, Smyser CD, Fox NA, Sylvester CM. Neonatal neural responses to novelty related to behavioral inhibition at 1 year. Dev Psychol 2023:2024-26488-001. [PMID: 37971828 PMCID: PMC11096262 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral inhibition (BI), an early-life temperament characterized by vigilant responses to novelty, is a risk factor for anxiety disorders. In this study, we investigated whether differences in neonatal brain responses to infrequent auditory stimuli relate to children's BI at 1 year of age. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we collected blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) data from N = 45 full-term, sleeping neonates during an adapted auditory oddball paradigm and measured BI from n = 27 of these children 1 year later using an observational assessment. Whole-brain analyses corrected for multiple comparisons identified 46 neonatal brain regions producing novelty-evoked BOLD responses associated with children's BI scores at 1 year of age. More than half of these regions (n = 24, 52%) were in prefrontal cortex, falling primarily within regions of the default mode or frontoparietal networks or in ventromedial/orbitofrontal regions without network assignments. Hierarchical clustering of the regions based on their patterns of association with BI resulted in two groups with distinct anatomical, network, and response-timing profiles. The first group, located primarily in subcortical and temporal regions, tended to produce larger early oddball responses among infants with lower subsequent BI. The second group, located primarily in prefrontal cortex, produced larger early oddball responses among infants with higher subsequent BI. These results provide preliminary insights into brain regions engaged by novelty in infants that may relate to later BI. The findings may inform understanding of anxiety disorders and guide future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Courtney A Filippi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine
| | - Michael J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - M Catalina Camacho
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Tara A Smyser
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Cynthia E Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Barbara B Warner
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Joan L Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience (SDAN), Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health
| | | | - Nathan A Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland
| | - Chad M Sylvester
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
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Lundin K, Bentzen JG, Bozdag G, Ebner T, Harper J, Le Clef N, Moffett A, Norcross S, Polyzos NP, Rautakallio-Hokkanen S, Sfontouris I, Sermon K, Vermeulen N, Pinborg A. Good practice recommendations on add-ons in reproductive medicine†. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:2062-2104. [PMID: 37747409 PMCID: PMC10628516 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Which add-ons are safe and effective to be used in ART treatment? SUMMARY ANSWER Forty-two recommendations were formulated on the use of add-ons in the diagnosis of fertility problems, the IVF laboratory and clinical management of IVF treatment. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The innovative nature of ART combined with the extremely high motivation of the patients has opened the door to the wide application of what has become known as 'add-ons' in reproductive medicine. These supplementary options are available to patients in addition to standard fertility procedures, typically incurring an additional cost. A diverse array of supplementary options is made available, encompassing tests, drugs, equipment, complementary or alternative therapies, laboratory procedures, and surgical interventions. These options share the common aim of stating to enhance pregnancy or live birth rates, mitigate the risk of miscarriage, or expedite the time to achieving pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION ESHRE aimed to develop clinically relevant and evidence-based recommendations focusing on the safety and efficacy of add-ons currently used in fertility procedures in order to improve the quality of care for patients with infertility. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS ESHRE appointed a European multidisciplinary working group consisting of practising clinicians, embryologists, and researchers who have demonstrated leadership and expertise in the care and research of infertility. Patient representatives were included in the working group. To ensure that the guidelines are evidence-based, the literature identified from a systematic search was reviewed and critically appraised. In the absence of any clear scientific evidence, recommendations were based on the professional experience and consensus of the working group. The guidelines are thus based on the best available evidence and expert agreement. Prior to publication, the guidelines were reviewed by 46 independent international reviewers. A total of 272 comments were received and incorporated where relevant. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The multidisciplinary working group formulated 42 recommendations in three sections; diagnosis and diagnostic tests, laboratory tests and interventions, and clinical management. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Of the 42 recommendations, none could be based on high-quality evidence and only four could be based on moderate-quality evidence, implicating that 95% of the recommendations are supported only by low-quality randomized controlled trials, observational data, professional experience, or consensus of the development group. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These guidelines offer valuable direction for healthcare professionals who are responsible for the care of patients undergoing ART treatment for infertility. Their purpose is to promote safe and effective ART treatment, enabling patients to make informed decisions based on realistic expectations. The guidelines aim to ensure that patients are fully informed about the various treatment options available to them and the likelihood of any additional treatment or test to improve the chance of achieving a live birth. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) All costs relating to the development process were covered from ESHRE funds. There was no external funding of the development process or manuscript production. K.L. reports speakers fees from Merck and was part of a research study by Vitrolife (unpaid). T.E. reports consulting fees from Gynemed, speakers fees from Gynemed and is part of the scientific advisory board of Hamilton Thorne. N.P.P. reports grants from Merck Serono, Ferring Pharmaceutical, Theramex, Gedeon Richter, Organon, Roche, IBSA and Besins Healthcare, speakers fees from Merck Serono, Ferring Pharmaceutical, Theramex, Gedeon Richter, Organon, Roche, IBSA and Besins Healthcare. S.R.H. declares being managing director of Fertility Europe, a not-for-profit organization receiving financial support from ESHRE. I.S. is a scientific advisor for and has stock options from Alife Health, is co-founder of IVFvision LTD (unpaid) and received speakers' fee from the 2023 ART Young Leader Prestige workshop in China. A.P. reports grants from Gedeon Richter, Ferring Pharmaceuticals and Merck A/S, consulting fees from Preglem, Novo Nordisk, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Gedeon Richter, Cryos and Merck A/S, speakers fees from Gedeon Richter, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Merck A/S, Theramex and Organon, travel fees from Gedeon Richter. The other authors disclosed no conflicts of interest. DISCLAIMER This Good Practice Recommendations (GPRs) document represents the views of ESHRE, which are the result of consensus between the relevant ESHRE stakeholders and are based on the scientific evidence available at the time of preparation.ESHRE GPRs should be used for information and educational purposes. They should not be interpreted as setting a standard of care or bedeemedinclusive of all proper methods of care, or be exclusive of other methods of care reasonably directed to obtaining the same results.Theydo not replace the need for application of clinical judgement to each individual presentation, or variations based on locality and facility type.Furthermore, ESHRE GPRs do not constitute or imply the endorsement, or favouring, of any of the included technologies by ESHRE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Lundin
- Department Reproductive Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - J G Bentzen
- The Fertility Department, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G Bozdag
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - T Ebner
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Gynecological Endocrinology, Kepler University, MedCampus IV, Linz, Austria
| | - J Harper
- Institute for Women’s Health, London, UK
| | - N Le Clef
- European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Moffett
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - N P Polyzos
- Department Reproductive Medicine, Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - K Sermon
- Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Vermeulen
- European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Pinborg
- The Fertility Department, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Harper J, Bunter KL. Review: Improving pig survival with a focus on birthweight: a practical breeding perspective. Animal 2023:100914. [PMID: 37574357 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Survival of growing pigs through to slaughter age is not only a key driver of profitability but also has implications for animal welfare. Changing preweaning mortality by over 3% gives a similar change in profit per pig as changing postweaning mortality by 1%. There is significant scope to improve both traits through management and breeding to improve survival. The aim of this literature review was to explore the relationship between litter size and piglet birthweight and the detrimental impact this negative association has had on pig survival, along with genetic strategies that have been implemented in breeding programmes. It is suggested that the primary effect of litter size on mortality was indirect, through the effects of litter size on individual piglet birthweights. The circumstances affecting the litter a piglet was born into were the most important for determining the birthweight of individual piglets, rather than the genetic make-up of the individual piglet itself. Therefore, breeding programmes should include the average piglet birthweight of a litter (i.e., a sow trait) rather than individual piglet birthweight to maintain the weight of piglets at birth. The relative weighting of litter size and average piglet birthweight should be done in a manner that avoids selecting heavy pigs from small litters. Additional genetic strategies to improve survival include survival at the litter level, or survival of individual piglets or enhanced through the use of genomic information. At the litter level, litter size at day 5 and weaning can be considered as sow traits, but the use of these traits depends on the recording environment. At the individual piglet level, pre- and postweaning survival can be recorded as 0/1 traits and analysed directly. Although heritabilities are low for all these traits, genetic improvements can be made. For preweaning survival, the genes of the nurse sow are more important than the genes of the individual piglet. The nurse sow model captures both the lactation and gestation effects, and the information obtained when piglets born from different litters are reared together. However, once a piglet is weaned, its own genes became more important for the expression of postweaning mortality outcomes. Finally, for a successful selection programme, combining the average piglet birthweight at the litter level and mortality data based on individual piglet records (not solely birthweight) might yield the best response in piglet survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harper
- Rivalea (Australia) Pty. Ltd., JBS Australia Pork Division, Redlands Road, Corowa, NSW 2646, Australia.
| | - K L Bunter
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Unit, A Joint Venture of NSW Department of Primary Industries and University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
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DePaoli B, Harper J, Albergotti WG, O'Rourke A, Chera BS. Tried and True: In response to Chin et al. Pract Radiat Oncol 2023; 13:364-365. [PMID: 37391238 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley DePaoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina
| | - William G Albergotti
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Ashli O'Rourke
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Bhishamjit S Chera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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DePaoli B, Harper J, Albergotti WG, O'Rourke A, Chera BS. Regional Recurrence after Carotid Sparing IMRT for Early Stage Glottic Cancer. Pract Radiat Oncol 2023; 13:e95-e98. [PMID: 36089251 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley DePaoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - William G Albergotti
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Ashli O'Rourke
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Bhishamjit S Chera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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Raizenne B, Deyirmendjian C, Lafontaine ML, Balde M, Bechis S, Sur R, Nakada S, Antonelli J, Streeper N, Sivalingam S, Viprakasit D, Averch T, Landman J, Chi T, Pais Jr V, Chew B, Bird V, Andonian S, Canvasser N, Harper J, Penniston K, Bhojani N. The impact of bilateral stone disease on patients’ disease progression and quality of life. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Mertes H, Harper J, Boivin J, Ekstrand Ragnar M, Grace B, Moura-Ramos M, Rautakallio-Hokkanen S, Simopoulou M, Hammarberg K, International Reproductive Health Education Collaboration (IRHEC) OBOT. Stimulating fertility awareness: the importance of getting the language right. Hum Reprod Open 2023; 2023:hoad009. [PMID: 37082102 PMCID: PMC10112336 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
While education about fertility is not intrinsically controversial, finding the right language to communicate the topic can be challenging, as there are several risks of unintended negative effects such as dissonance, anxiety, culpability, and stigma due to social norming. In this article, we share some of our learnings from promoting fertility awareness in the hope that they will inspire further debate and research on this topic. Starting from the ethical principles of respect for reproductive autonomy, avoiding harm (in terms of stigma or anxiety) and inclusivity, we have formulated five recommendations: (i) frame fertility awareness messages with (reproductive) autonomy in mind and aim to be inclusive of those who do not represent the traditional nuclear family; (ii) be empathetic and steer clear of blame; (iii) avoid scaremongering and offer a positive angle; (iv) give due consideration to both women and men in fertility health messaging; and (v) tailor the messages to particular contexts and audiences and develop resources in close collaboration with the target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mertes
- Correspondence address. Department of Philosophy and Moral Sciences, Ghent University, Blandijnberg 2, 9000 Gent, Belgium. E-mail:
| | - J Harper
- EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Boivin
- Cardiff Fertility Studies Group, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - B Grace
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, UCL Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Moura-Ramos
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - M Simopoulou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K Hammarberg
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Harper J, Nguyen K, Freeman M, Safrit J, Lederman M, Paiardini M. PP 8.7 – 00098 The sequestration and expansion of effector lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue using combination FTY720 and N-803 immunotherapy at ART initiation fails to limit SIV persistence. J Virus Erad 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2022.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Salinas TW, Harper J, Nguyen K, Auger J, Tompkins L, Schauer A, Kulpa D, Cottrell M, Silvestri G, Paiardini M. PP 8.9 – 00142 Safety and activity of BCL-2 inhibitor Venetoclax in uninfected rhesus macaques. J Virus Erad 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2022.100289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Gannamani G, Gibbs O, Milazzo E, Harper J, Kaczmar J, Richardson M, Fernandes J. PSAT279 Thyroid Oncocytic tissue: Presenting as metastatic thyroid carcinoma. J Endocr Soc 2022. [PMCID: PMC9627978 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Case A 76-year-old male with status post thyroidectomy in 2017 for compressive multi-nodular goiter. Pathology reported as benign thyroid tissue with follicular hyperplasia. In 2020, he presented with incidental finding of left neck mass on MRI. Ultrasound neck confirmed two extra-thyroidal masses left neck largest dimension of 2.9 cm. FNA reported as benign follicular cells favoring benign thyroid tissue. Surgical resection of the neck masses revealed benign thyroid tissue with focal oncocytic features and two benign lymph nodes. In 2021, he presented with left chest mass. Biopsy reported benign thyroid tissue, no evidence of papillary cancer. PET CT confirmed hypermetabolic chest mass, multiple lytic bone lesions and pulmonary nodules. Referred to Endocrinology for further evaluation, Thyroglobulin level elevated at >4500 ng/mL (Tg Ab <1.0 IU/mL). Molecular testing of chest wall mass was positive for TERT and HRAS mutations, loss of 22q and gain of 17q on microarray consistent with changes found in thyroid cancer. Surgical resection of the chest wall mass not feasible due to size and location. External beam radiation for cytoreduction of the sternal mass planned and radioactive iodine therapy if tumor RAI (radioactive iodine) avid. He is currently not a candidate for tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) as he recently had acute coronary event. Zoledronic acid infusions initiated for bone involvement. Discussion Thyroid carcinomas that exhibit vascular invasion, or anaplastic dedifferentiation are readily and consistently diagnosed. However, the morphology of primary oncocytic thyroid tumors is similar to their non-oncocytic counterparts posing a huge challenge for the pathologist. This controversial and often confusing area of thyroid pathology requires careful evaluation for accurate diagnosis and management for patients with oncocytic thyroid lesions. Molecular and microarray testing should be considered when in doubt. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.
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Kuyken W, Ball S, Crane C, Ganguli P, Jones B, Montero-Marin J, Nuthall E, Raja A, Taylor L, Tudor K, Viner RM, Allwood M, Aukland L, Dunning D, Casey T, Dalrymple N, De Wilde K, Farley ER, Harper J, Hinze V, Kappelmann N, Kempnich M, Lord L, Medlicott E, Palmer L, Petit A, Philips A, Pryor-Nitsch I, Radley L, Sonley A, Shackleford J, Tickell A, Team M, Blakemore SJ, Ukoumunne OC, Greenberg MT, Ford T, Dalgleish T, Byford S, Williams JMG. Effectiveness of universal school-based mindfulness training compared with normal school provision on teacher mental health and school climate: results of the MYRIAD cluster randomised controlled trial. Evid Based Ment Health 2022; 25:ebmental-2022-300424. [PMID: 35820990 PMCID: PMC9340006 DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2022-300424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Education is broader than academic teaching. It includes teaching students social-emotional skills both directly and indirectly through a positive school climate. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if a universal school-based mindfulness training (SBMT) enhances teacher mental health and school climate. METHODS The My Resilience in Adolescence parallel group, cluster randomised controlled trial (registration: ISRCTN86619085; funding: Wellcome Trust (WT104908/Z/14/Z, WT107496/Z/15/Z)) recruited 85 schools (679 teachers) delivering social and emotional teaching across the UK. Schools (clusters) were randomised 1:1 to either continue this provision (teaching as usual (TAU)) or include universal SBMT. Data on teacher mental health and school climate were collected at prerandomisation, postpersonal mindfulness and SBMT teacher training, after delivering SBMT to students, and at 1-year follow-up. FINDING Schools were recruited in academic years 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. Primary analysis (SBMT: 43 schools/362 teachers; TAU: 41 schools/310 teachers) showed that after delivering SBMT to students, SBMT versus TAU enhanced teachers' mental health (burnout) and school climate. Adjusted standardised mean differences (SBMT minus TAU) were: exhaustion (-0.22; 95% CI -0.38 to -0.05); personal accomplishment (-0.21; -0.41, -0.02); school leadership (0.24; 0.04, 0.44); and respectful climate (0.26; 0.06, 0.47). Effects on burnout were not significant at 1-year follow-up. Effects on school climate were maintained only for respectful climate. No SBMT-related serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS SBMT supports short-term changes in teacher burnout and school climate. Further work is required to explore how best to sustain improvements. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS SBMT has limited effects on teachers' mental and school climate. Innovative approaches to support and preserve teachers' mental health and school climate are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Kuyken
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan Ball
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Southwest Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Catherine Crane
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Poushali Ganguli
- King's College London, King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Jones
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Southwest Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Jesus Montero-Marin
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Teaching, Research and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Nuthall
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anam Raja
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kate Tudor
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Russell M Viner
- Population, Policy & Practice research programme, UCL Great Ormond St. Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Matthew Allwood
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Louise Aukland
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Darren Dunning
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tríona Casey
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Dalrymple
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine De Wilde
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor-Rose Farley
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Verena Hinze
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nils Kappelmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria Kempnich
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liz Lord
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma Medlicott
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucy Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ariane Petit
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alice Philips
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Isobel Pryor-Nitsch
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucy Radley
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Sonley
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jem Shackleford
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alice Tickell
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Myriad Team
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Obioha C Ukoumunne
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Southwest Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Mark T Greenberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Dalgleish
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Byford
- King's College London, King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - J Mark G Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kuyken W, Ball S, Crane C, Ganguli P, Jones B, Montero-Marin J, Nuthall E, Raja A, Taylor L, Tudor K, Viner RM, Allwood M, Aukland L, Dunning D, Casey T, Dalrymple N, De Wilde K, Farley ER, Harper J, Kappelmann N, Kempnich M, Lord L, Medlicott E, Palmer L, Petit A, Philips A, Pryor-Nitsch I, Radley L, Sonley A, Shackleford J, Tickell A, Blakemore SJ, Team TM, Ukoumunne OC, Greenberg MT, Ford T, Dalgleish T, Byford S, Williams JMG. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of universal school-based mindfulness training compared with normal school provision in reducing risk of mental health problems and promoting well-being in adolescence: the MYRIAD cluster randomised controlled trial. Evid Based Ment Health 2022; 25:ebmental-2021-300396. [PMID: 35820992 PMCID: PMC9340028 DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2021-300396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic reviews suggest school-based mindfulness training (SBMT) shows promise in promoting student mental health. OBJECTIVE The My Resilience in Adolescence (MYRIAD) Trial evaluated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of SBMT compared with teaching-as-usual (TAU). METHODS MYRIAD was a parallel group, cluster-randomised controlled trial. Eighty-five eligible schools consented and were randomised 1:1 to TAU (43 schools, 4232 students) or SBMT (42 schools, 4144 students), stratified by school size, quality, type, deprivation and region. Schools and students (mean (SD); age range=12.2 (0.6); 11-14 years) were broadly UK population-representative. Forty-three schools (n=3678 pupils; 86.9%) delivering SBMT, and 41 schools (n=3572; 86.2%) delivering TAU, provided primary end-point data. SBMT comprised 10 lessons of psychoeducation and mindfulness practices. TAU comprised standard social-emotional teaching. Participant-level risk for depression, social-emotional-behavioural functioning and well-being at 1 year follow-up were the co-primary outcomes. Secondary and economic outcomes were included. FINDINGS Analysis of 84 schools (n=8376 participants) found no evidence that SBMT was superior to TAU at 1 year. Standardised mean differences (intervention minus control) were: 0.005 (95% CI -0.05 to 0.06) for risk for depression; 0.02 (-0.02 to 0.07) for social-emotional-behavioural functioning; and 0.02 (-0.03 to 0.07) for well-being. SBMT had a high probability of cost-effectiveness (83%) at a willingness-to-pay threshold of £20 000 per quality-adjusted life year. No intervention-related adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS Findings do not support the superiority of SBMT over TAU in promoting mental health in adolescence. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS There is need to ask what works, for whom and how, as well as considering key contextual and implementation factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current controlled trials ISRCTN86619085. This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (WT104908/Z/14/Z and WT107496/Z/15/Z).
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem Kuyken
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan Ball
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Catherine Crane
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Poushali Ganguli
- King's College London, King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Benjamin Jones
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Jesus Montero-Marin
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Teaching, Research and Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Nuthall
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anam Raja
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kate Tudor
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Russell M Viner
- Population, Policy & Practice research programme, UCL Great Ormond St. Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Matthew Allwood
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Louise Aukland
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Darren Dunning
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tríona Casey
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Dalrymple
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine De Wilde
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor-Rose Farley
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nils Kappelmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria Kempnich
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liz Lord
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma Medlicott
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucy Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ariane Petit
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alice Philips
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Isobel Pryor-Nitsch
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lucy Radley
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Sonley
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jem Shackleford
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alice Tickell
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - The Myriad Team
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Obioha C Ukoumunne
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula (PenARC), University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, UK
| | - Mark T Greenberg
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tim Dalgleish
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Byford
- King's College London, King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - J Mark G Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Biswakarma R, Harper J, Reiss M. P-069 Men’s fertility knowledge and attitudes to starting a family in Greece, Nepal and the UK. Hum Reprod 2022. [PMCID: PMC9384399 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Study question What are the views of men from Greece, Nepal, and the UK on having children and what is their knowledge of fertility? Summary answer Between countries, there were similarities and differences in men’s views to having children. Men showed limited fertility knowledge, and access to fertility information varied. What is known already The global total fertility rate (TFR) has dropped to below 2.5 compared to 5 in 1950, currently being 1.61 in the EU. Internationally, the age at which people are having children has increased and is over 30 in many countries. Delaying parenthood is leaving many with smaller family sizes than desired or involuntary childlessness due to age-related infertility. Although many men are keen to be fathers, existing studies relating to fertility knowledge and having children focus heavily on women. Compared to women, men’s fertility knowledge is limited as fertility education is rarely taught or tailored for men. Study design, size, duration Two anonymous surveys were conducted. The UK survey (live from 25 April – 1 December 2021) was launched via social media. Men internationally could complete the survey, and high numbers of men from Nepal participated. The Greek survey (live from 11 – 26 May 2021) was launched in Greece through a market research company. The end sample size was n = 244 for Greece, n = 205 for Nepal and n = 128 for the UK. Participants/materials, setting, methods Men aged 25 to 45 years old, who wanted children but were currently childless, were included. There were four parts to the survey: basic demographics; their attitude to having a family; their fertility concerns; and their fertility knowledge. For the UK survey, since one of the authors had a link with Nepal, particular effort was made to recruit from Nepal as well as from the UK. Main results and the role of chance When asked how many children men wanted, most Greek (59%), Nepalese (66%) and UK (58%) men wanted two children, but higher levels of Greek (24%) and UK (25%) men wanted three children compared to Nepalese men (9%)(p < 0.001). The ideal age men wanted to have had/have their first child was 35 years in Greece (23%), but it was 30 years in Nepal (24%) and in the UK (30%). The COVID-19 pandemic had not affected most men’s decision to have children: Greece’s (64%), Nepal (48%), UK (70%). But it had affected 21% Greek, 27% Nepalese and 16% UK men who are now intending to delay having children. Greek (46%), Nepalese (48%) and UK (47%) men felt moderately informed on female fertility. Greek (45%), Nepalese (50%) and UK (45%) men felt more informed about male than female fertility. When questioned on when they think a woman is fertile in her menstrual cycle, 50% Greek, 38% Nepalese, and 42% UK men answered incorrectly. The internet was the most common source men accessed fertility information from: Greece (67%), Nepal (30%) and the UK (26%). The second most common source for Greece (18%) was doctors, but for Nepalese (18%) and UK (18%) men, it was school. Limitations, reasons for caution The study had a relatively small sample size (n = 577). It is well documented that men typically do not show high engagement with surveys. It was only promoted on social media. Respondents were typically highly educated, active on social media and knew English or Greek to an adequate level. Wider implications of the findings The International Fertility Education Initiative is developing resources to deliver tailored fertility education across different populations. This survey shows that there are cultural differences that need to be considered when designing such resources. Trial registration number Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- R Biswakarma
- UCL, Curriculum- Pedagogy and Assessment , London, United Kingdom
| | - J Harper
- Women's Health, Population Health Sciences , London, United Kingdom
| | - M Reiss
- Institute of Education, Curriculum- Pedagogy and Assessment , London, United Kingdom
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De Mouzon J, Harper J, Hammarberg K. O-111 The International Fertility Education Initiative. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac105.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Awareness Raising. The International Fertility Education Initiative
Jacques de Mouzon, Joyce Harper, Karin Hammarberg, and the IFEI group
Clearly, from the international reports on Assisted reproductive technology, more and more patients go to be treated by ART everywhere in the World, even in the richest countries where access is not limited by economic constraints. At the same time, there is a large tendency of maternal age increase at conception and birth, whereas it is well known that there is a fertility decline both with women’s and men’s age. It clearly appears that one driver concerns the lack of awareness of people of reproductive age on the factors affecting the chance of conceiving and of getting a healthy baby.
Thus, to improve fertility awareness in the public, a group of 45 specialists in infertility from about twenty countries met in 2020 and decided to launch an initiative, together with patients’ associations, the International Fertility Education initiative (IFEI). The group includes experts of various scientific fields: clinicians, nurses / midwifes, scientists, psychologists, ethicists, public health, patients. The chair is Pr. Joyce Harper, who was at the initiative of this initiative
The IFEI objectives and creation were published in Human Reproduction open in 2021. Objectives include research and actions to improve fertility awareness. The mission can be summarized as follows: To increase fertility awareness using the life course approach, in order to improve reproductive health and facilitate decision-making in family planning among adolescents, people of reproductive age, primary healthcare, education professionals, and policymakers through development, evaluation and dissemination of inclusive educational resources. Four strategic goals have been identified
5 working groups have been designed to cover the mission and strategic goals:
IFEI has regular meetings where each group progresses are discussed. The groups advancements will be presented at the ESHRE annual meeting in Milano, during the special session entitled “Awareness Raising”. In 2021, IFEI has established links with ESHRE, under the umbrella of the special interest group Global and Socio-cultural Aspects of Infertility. In 2022, links are being established also with IFFS and FIGO, to develop a consistent action.
In conclusion, IFEI is rapidly progressing towards its objectives and several countries has already developed specific national action plans that are consistent with the general aim on fertility awareness
Trial registration number
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J Harper
- UCL Institute for Women’s Health, Reproductive Science and Society Group , London, United Kingdom
| | - K Hammarberg
- Monash University, Global and Women's Health Public Health and Preventive Medicine , Melbourne, Australia
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Harper J, Broad A, Biswakarma R. P-494 A survey of women’s experiences, behaviours and attitudes of using period tracker applications (apps). Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What are women’s experiences, behaviours and attitudes to ovulation and period prediction when using a period tracker app?
Summary answer
Some women altered their behaviour in response to ovulation prediction and some felt stressed in response to their period arriving earlier or later than predicted.
What is known already
Period tracker apps are designed to help women track and predict menstrual cycle dates and symptoms. The majority of period tracker apps predict the date a woman is ovulating and the date of her period. Several studies have shown that ovulation cannot be accurately predicted using menstrual cycle dates, and many apps assume that women ovulate on day 14 of their cycle whereas recent large studies have shown this to be closer to days 16/17. With regards to the prediction of the first day of the period, reports have shown that period tracker apps do not always correctly predict this.
Study design, size, duration
We conducted an anonymous, online survey using multiple choice and open-ended questions on Qualtrics software. The survey was live for 19 days, from 30th June – 20th July 2021 and was promoted using the social media of authors 1 and 3 (Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and Linkedin). The qualitative data was analysed thematically.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The inclusion criteria was that participants had to be using or had previously used a period tracker app, be able to read English and have access to the online survey.
Main results and the role of chance
From 375 total responses, 330 complete responses were analysed, giving a completion rate of 88.0%. Respondents were aged between 14-54, with a mean age of 26.0 (±7.81). When asked what was the best thing about using the app, 29.7% (98/330) respondents selected ‘To know when I’m ovulating’. The majority of respondents sexual activity was not influenced by their app’s predicted dates (65.5%, 216/330). However, a total of 17.0% (56/330) of respondents stated that it was, with 10.9% (36/330) stating they avoided having sex on fertile days predicted by the app. Respondents were asked if their period ever started earlier than the app predicted; 54.9% (189/330) said it had and 72.1% (238/330) said it had started later than predicted. When asked how they felt if their period arrived earlier or later than expected, thematic analysis of responses when periods started earlier revealed 4 themes: feeling unaffected, being frustrated/unprepared, feeling anxious/stressed, and feeling confused/intrigued. Thematic analysis when their period arrived later than expected revealed 6 themes: anxious/concerned about pregnancy, disappointed about pregnancy, seeking advice/informing healthcare professionals, thoughts about the menopause, feeling unaffected and being better prepared.
Limitations, reasons for caution
All surveys have a selection bias. The survey was only promoted on social media of two of the authors. As the survey was in English, the women who answered the survey were mainly UK residents who were highly educated.
Wider implications of the findings
Period tracker apps need to be clearer of their intended use and reliability, especially for period and ovulation prediction. Inaccurate predictions can affect the users’ health and behaviour. This study calls for period tracker app companies to update their apps to provide transparency about their intended use and capabilities.
Trial registration number
NA
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harper
- Institute for Women’s Health, Reproductive Science and Society Group , London, United Kingdom
| | - A Broad
- Institute for Women’s Health, Reproductive Science and Society Group , London, United Kingdom
| | - R Biswakarma
- Institute for Women’s Health, Reproductive Science and Society Group , London, United Kingdom
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Maslowski K, Reiss M, Biswakarma R, Harper J. P-493 Sex and fertility education in the UK: an analysis of biology curricula and students’ experiences. Hum Reprod 2022. [PMCID: PMC9384393 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac105.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What is currently being taught in United Kingdom (UK) secondary schools relating to sex and fertility and what are students’ experiences of this education?
Summary answer
There are large gaps in the UK’s biology curriculum relating to sex and fertility education with important topics being neglected.
What is known already
Sex and fertility education is essential to enable people to make informed choices about family building. This is especially important as maternal and paternal age is increasing globally. School is an important source of this education but sex and fertility education is often minimal. In order to optimise people’s contraceptive behaviour and fertility planning, an understanding of the reproductive cycle, basic physiology of fertility and preconception health is required. Fertility education interventions have been shown to improve fertility knowledge and decrease planned ages of childbearing among young adults but only if repeated.
Study design, size, duration
This study aimed to evaluate the current biology curricula relating to sex and fertility education at GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) and A level (Advanced Level) in the UK and to determine 16-17-year-old students’ experiences of their sex and fertility education. This year group was chosen as we are interested in what students have learnt by the end of their mandatory education (years 1 to 11), and their experiences of this education.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The analysis of the curricula was conducted using the most recently published specifications for science and biology at GCSE and biology at A level for the Awarding Bodies that dominate the GCSE and A-level market in the UK. The school survey included a 47-item online survey distributed to year 12 students in four secondary schools across England. In total, 244 students participated in the survey.
Main results and the role of chance
There are six Awarding Bodies in the UK that set the examinations for GCSE and A-level students. At GCSE level, the hormonal control of the menstrual cycle, contraception and ART are taught within the human reproduction section of the biology curriculum. STIs are used as examples of communicable diseases, but pregnancy does not feature other than as a consequence of contraceptive failure. At A level, there is generally less teaching of relationships, sexuality and fertility-related topics than at GCSE. The results of the school survey showed that some topics, notably puberty, the menstrual cycle, contraception and STIs, were more likely to be learnt in school. However, topics such as endometriosis, menopause, miscarriage and polycystic ovarian syndrome were more likely to be learnt outside school. Abortion was the most common topic learnt outside school, followed by puberty. The most popular sources of sex education outside school were the internet and social media. In the students’ responses to how they think sex and fertility education can be improved, six themes became apparent: LGBTQ + (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and others) inclusivity; topic variety; logistical improvements; attitudes towards sex; gender equality; and applicability to real life.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted schools during the 2020/2021 academic year. Consequently, we were unable to distribute the survey to as many schools as planned. We hope to continue this study in the 2021/2022 academic year to allow further comparison between the experiences of different groups of students.
Wider implications of the findings
Ideally, school sex and fertility education would involve a comprehensive and holistic programme and would provide young people with full, accurate information to prepare them for later life. We hope that the results of our study can be used to improve sex and fertility education for young people.
Trial registration number
NA
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Affiliation(s)
- K Maslowski
- UCL, Institute for Women's Health , London, United Kingdom
| | - M Reiss
- UCL, Institute of Education , London, United Kingdom
| | - R Biswakarma
- UCL, Institute of Education , London, United Kingdom
| | - J Harper
- UCL, Institute for Women's Health , London, United Kingdom
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Jacob D, Harper J, Ivie C, Limberg J. Hypoxic Vasodilation is Augmented During the High versus Low Estrogen Phase of the Menstrual and Oral Hormonal Contraceptive Pill Cycle. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r2716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dain Jacob
- Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Clayton Ivie
- Nutrition and Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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Balasubramanian S, Harper J, Sterba KR, Viswanathan R, Eldredge-Hindy H. Protocol for the Pilot Study of Group Video Yogic Breathing App in Breast Cancer Survivors. Int J Aayush Tradit Med 2022; 2:38-57. [PMID: 36790946 PMCID: PMC9924219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer deaths; however, recent improvements in treatment have improved survivorship. As a result of this improvement, more individuals are living with the long-term side effects of cancer treatment. Therefore, methods that incorporate lifestyle and mind-body approaches are becoming increasingly used in the patient treatment pathway. METHODS In this study, PranaScience Institute will develop and test a group video mobile application for Yogic Breathing (YB). YB is shown to reduce symptomatic conditions associated with several conditions including breast cancer. For this initial feasibility study, PranaScience will collaborate with the Medical University of South Carolina to implement the study app-based program in breast cancer survivors. This research is aimed to understand if the YB could be delivered via an app, if participants are able to practice it satisfactorily, and if there is any symptom relief by the YB practice. In the control group, participants will be directed to the Attention Control (AC) feature of the app, which guides users to focus on a mindfulness activity not involving YB. Participants will be randomly assigned to the YB or AC study plan (N = 20 per group). Breast cancer survivors who have completed radiation therapy within last 2 months will be recruited for this study and provided access to the app for a 12-weeks program. The study app will record total practice times. Virtual visits by a study yoga instructor during group video sessions will measure participant compliance with proper technique. Feasibility will be examined by evaluating intervention delivery factors and resource needs. Acceptability of using the mobile study app to support symptom management will be evaluated using a satisfaction and system usability scale. Behavioral survey measures will help guide effect sizes and power calculations for the next larger-scale study. Biomarkers in the saliva (tumor suppressors, cytokines), and fingernails (cortisol, differential proteomics) will be measured at baseline and end of study at 12 weeks. DISCUSSION All findings from this pilot study will be synthesized to refine the mobile study app in preparation for large-scale evaluation in Phase II involving all-study site participants with cancer. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05161260.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hollings Cancer Center, USA,Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hollings Cancer Center, USA
| | - Katherine R Sterba
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
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Bas‐Hoogendam JM, Groenewold NA, Aghajani M, Freitag GF, Harrewijn A, Hilbert K, Jahanshad N, Thomopoulos SI, Thompson PM, Veltman DJ, Winkler AM, Lueken U, Pine DS, Wee NJA, Stein DJ, Agosta F, Åhs F, An I, Alberton BAV, Andreescu C, Asami T, Assaf M, Avery SN, Nicholas L, Balderston, Barber JP, Battaglia M, Bayram A, Beesdo‐Baum K, Benedetti F, Berta R, Björkstrand J, Blackford JU, Blair JR, Karina S, Blair, Boehme S, Brambilla P, Burkhouse K, Cano M, Canu E, Cardinale EM, Cardoner N, Clauss JA, Cividini C, Critchley HD, Udo, Dannlowski, Deckert J, Demiralp T, Diefenbach GJ, Domschke K, Doruyter A, Dresler T, Erhardt A, Fallgatter AJ, Fañanás L, Brandee, Feola, Filippi CA, Filippi M, Fonzo GA, Forbes EE, Fox NA, Fredrikson M, Furmark T, Ge T, Gerber AJ, Gosnell SN, Grabe HJ, Grotegerd D, Gur RE, Gur RC, Harmer CJ, Harper J, Heeren A, Hettema J, Hofmann D, Hofmann SG, Jackowski AP, Andreas, Jansen, Kaczkurkin AN, Kingsley E, Kircher T, Kosti c M, Kreifelts B, Krug A, Larsen B, Lee S, Leehr EJ, Leibenluft E, Lochner C, Maggioni E, Makovac E, Mancini M, Manfro GG, Månsson KNT, Meeten F, Michałowski J, Milrod BL, Mühlberger A, Lilianne R, Mujica‐Parodi, Munjiza A, Mwangi B, Myers M, Igor Nenadi C, Neufang S, Nielsen JA, Oh H, Ottaviani C, Pan PM, Pantazatos SP, Martin P, Paulus, Perez‐Edgar K, Peñate W, Perino MT, Peterburs J, Pfleiderer B, Phan KL, Poletti S, Porta‐Casteràs D, Price RB, Pujol J, Andrea, Reinecke, Rivero F, Roelofs K, Rosso I, Saemann P, Salas R, Salum GA, Satterthwaite TD, Schneier F, Schruers KRJ, Schulz SM, Schwarzmeier H, Seeger FR, Smoller JW, Soares JC, Stark R, Stein MB, Straube B, Straube T, Strawn JR, Suarez‐Jimenez B, Boris, Suchan, Sylvester CM, Talati A, Tamburo E, Tükel R, Heuvel OA, Van der Auwera S, Nieuwenhuizen H, Tol M, van Velzen LS, Bort CV, Vermeiren RRJM, Visser RM, Volman I, Wannemüller A, Wendt J, Werwath KE, Westenberg PM, Wiemer J, Katharina, Wittfeld, Wu M, Yang Y, Zilverstand A, Zugman A, Zwiebel HL. ENIGMA-anxiety working group: Rationale for and organization of large-scale neuroimaging studies of anxiety disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:83-112. [PMID: 32618421 PMCID: PMC8805695 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and disabling but seem particularly tractable to investigation with translational neuroscience methodologies. Neuroimaging has informed our understanding of the neurobiology of anxiety disorders, but research has been limited by small sample sizes and low statistical power, as well as heterogenous imaging methodology. The ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group has brought together researchers from around the world, in a harmonized and coordinated effort to address these challenges and generate more robust and reproducible findings. This paper elaborates on the concepts and methods informing the work of the working group to date, and describes the initial approach of the four subgroups studying generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia. At present, the ENIGMA-Anxiety database contains information about more than 100 unique samples, from 16 countries and 59 institutes. Future directions include examining additional imaging modalities, integrating imaging and genetic data, and collaborating with other ENIGMA working groups. The ENIGMA consortium creates synergy at the intersection of global mental health and clinical neuroscience, and the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group extends the promise of this approach to neuroimaging research on anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Marie Bas‐Hoogendam
- Department of Developmental and Educational PsychologyLeiden University, Institute of Psychology Leiden The Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryLeiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Nynke A. Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental HealthUniversity of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Department of PsychiatryAmsterdam UMC / VUMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Research & InnovationGGZ inGeest Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gabrielle F. Freitag
- National Institute of Mental Health, Emotion and Development Branch Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Anita Harrewijn
- National Institute of Mental Health, Emotion and Development Branch Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Kevin Hilbert
- Department of PsychologyHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Los Angeles California USA
| | - Sophia I. Thomopoulos
- University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Los Angeles California USA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineImaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Los Angeles California USA
| | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department of PsychiatryAmsterdam UMC / VUMC Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Anderson M. Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health, Emotion and Development Branch Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Ulrike Lueken
- Department of PsychologyHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- National Institute of Mental Health, Emotion and Development Branch Bethesda Maryland USA
| | - Nic J. A. Wee
- Department of PsychiatryLeiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental HealthUniversity of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
- University of Cape TownSouth African MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders Cape Town South Africa
- University of Cape TownNeuroscience Institute Cape Town South Africa
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20
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Zugman A, Harrewijn A, Cardinale EM, Zwiebel H, Freitag GF, Werwath KE, Bas‐Hoogendam JM, Groenewold NA, Aghajani M, Hilbert K, Cardoner N, Porta‐Casteràs D, Gosnell S, Salas R, Blair KS, Blair JR, Hammoud MZ, Milad M, Burkhouse K, Phan KL, Schroeder HK, Strawn JR, Beesdo‐Baum K, Thomopoulos SI, Grabe HJ, Van der Auwera S, Wittfeld K, Nielsen JA, Buckner R, Smoller JW, Mwangi B, Soares JC, Wu M, Zunta‐Soares GB, Jackowski AP, Pan PM, Salum GA, Assaf M, Diefenbach GJ, Brambilla P, Maggioni E, Hofmann D, Straube T, Andreescu C, Berta R, Tamburo E, Price R, Manfro GG, Critchley HD, Makovac E, Mancini M, Meeten F, Ottaviani C, Agosta F, Canu E, Cividini C, Filippi M, Kostić M, Munjiza A, Filippi CA, Leibenluft E, Alberton BAV, Balderston NL, Ernst M, Grillon C, Mujica‐Parodi LR, van Nieuwenhuizen H, Fonzo GA, Paulus MP, Stein MB, Gur RE, Gur RC, Kaczkurkin AN, Larsen B, Satterthwaite TD, Harper J, Myers M, Perino MT, Yu Q, Sylvester CM, Veltman DJ, Lueken U, Van der Wee NJA, Stein DJ, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Pine DS, Winkler AM. Mega-analysis methods in ENIGMA: The experience of the generalized anxiety disorder working group. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:255-277. [PMID: 32596977 PMCID: PMC8675407 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ENIGMA group on Generalized Anxiety Disorder (ENIGMA-Anxiety/GAD) is part of a broader effort to investigate anxiety disorders using imaging and genetic data across multiple sites worldwide. The group is actively conducting a mega-analysis of a large number of brain structural scans. In this process, the group was confronted with many methodological challenges related to study planning and implementation, between-country transfer of subject-level data, quality control of a considerable amount of imaging data, and choices related to statistical methods and efficient use of resources. This report summarizes the background information and rationale for the various methodological decisions, as well as the approach taken to implement them. The goal is to document the approach and help guide other research groups working with large brain imaging data sets as they develop their own analytic pipelines for mega-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Zugman
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Anita Harrewijn
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Elise M. Cardinale
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Hannah Zwiebel
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Gabrielle F. Freitag
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Katy E. Werwath
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Janna M. Bas‐Hoogendam
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of PsychiatryLeidenThe Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC)LeidenThe Netherlands
- Leiden University, Institute of Psychology, Developmental and Educational PsychologyLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Nynke A. Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Department. of PsychiatryAmsterdam UMC/VUMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- GGZ InGeestDepartment of Research & InnovationAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Kevin Hilbert
- Department of PsychologyHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Narcis Cardoner
- Department of Mental HealthUniversity Hospital Parc Taulí‐I3PTBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud MentalCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Daniel Porta‐Casteràs
- Department of Mental HealthUniversity Hospital Parc Taulí‐I3PTBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic MedicineUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud MentalCarlos III Health InstituteMadridSpain
| | - Savannah Gosnell
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Karina S. Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral ResearchBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - James R. Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral ResearchBoys Town National Research HospitalBoys TownNebraskaUSA
| | - Mira Z. Hammoud
- Department of PsychiatryNew York UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Mohammed Milad
- Department of PsychiatryNew York UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Katie Burkhouse
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - K. Luan Phan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral HealthThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Heidi K. Schroeder
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Jeffrey R. Strawn
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Katja Beesdo‐Baum
- Behavioral EpidemiologyInstitute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Sophia I. Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Site Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Site Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Site Rostock/GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Jared A. Nielsen
- Department of PsychologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
- Center for Brain ScienceHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Randy Buckner
- Department of PsychologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
- Center for Brain ScienceHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Benson Mwangi
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Jair C. Soares
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Mon‐Ju Wu
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Giovana B. Zunta‐Soares
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Andrea P. Jackowski
- LiNC, Department of PsychiatryFederal University of São PauloSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Pedro M. Pan
- LiNC, Department of PsychiatryFederal University of São PauloSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Giovanni A. Salum
- Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Michal Assaf
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research CenterInstitute of Living, Hartford HospitalHartfordConnecticutUSA
- Department of PsychiatryYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Gretchen J. Diefenbach
- Anxiety Disorders CenterInstitute of Living, Hartford HospitalHartfordConnecticutUSA
- Yale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental HealthFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental HealthFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoMilanItaly
| | - David Hofmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of MuensterMuensterGermany
| | - Thomas Straube
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of MuensterMuensterGermany
| | - Carmen Andreescu
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Rachel Berta
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Erica Tamburo
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Rebecca Price
- Department of Psychiatry & PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Gisele G. Manfro
- Anxiety Disorder ProgramHospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Department of PsychiatryFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Hugo D. Critchley
- Department of NeuroscienceBrighton and Sussex Medical School, University of SussexBrightonUK
| | - Elena Makovac
- Centre for Neuroimaging ScienceKings College LondonLondonUK
| | - Matteo Mancini
- Department of NeuroscienceBrighton and Sussex Medical School, University of SussexBrightonUK
| | | | | | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Camilla Cividini
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
- Vita‐Salute San Raffaele UniversityMilanItaly
- Neurology and Neurophysiology UnitIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly
| | - Milutin Kostić
- Institute of Mental Health, University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Ana Munjiza
- Institute of Mental Health, University of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Courtney A. Filippi
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Bianca A. V. Alberton
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do ParanáCuritibaPuerto RicoBrazil
| | - Nicholas L. Balderston
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and StressUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Monique Ernst
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Christian Grillon
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | | | | | - Gregory A. Fonzo
- Department of PsychiatryThe University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical SchoolAustinTexasUSA
| | | | - Murray B. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry & Family Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ruben C. Gur
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Bart Larsen
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of PsychiatryWashington UniversitySt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Michael Myers
- Department of PsychiatryWashington UniversitySt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | | | - Qiongru Yu
- Department of PsychiatryWashington UniversitySt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | | | - Dick J. Veltman
- Department. of PsychiatryAmsterdam UMC/VUMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Lueken
- Department of PsychologyHumboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Nic J. A. Van der Wee
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of PsychiatryLeidenThe Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC)LeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- SAMRC Unite on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Anderson M. Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMarylandUSA
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Siau R, Zammit M, Harper J, Kinshuck A. A novel treatment for supraglottic stenosis secondary to immunoglobulin G4-related disease. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 104:e133-e136. [PMID: 34939850 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) has a predilection for the head and neck region, laryngeal pathology is rare. We report a case of supraglottic stenosis due to IgG4-RD together with a novel treatment strategy of employing a laryngeal stent. A 69-year-old man was referred with longstanding dyspnoea and worsening inspiratory stridor. Despite two supraglottic dilations over a 12-month period, his stenosis recurred and symptoms persisted. Serum investigations revealed elevated IgG4 levels (2.390g/l), with IgG4 infiltrate in laryngeal biopsies. The patient underwent endoscopic balloon dilation, intralesional Depo-Medrone® injection, CO2 laser therapy and insertion of a laryngeal stent to prevent re-stenosis. Rituximab and prednisolone were commenced postoperatively and the stent was removed at 6weeks. No stenosis recurrence was visualised over a further 12-month follow-up period. Sixteen cases of laryngeal lesions with confirmed IgG4 infiltrate in biopsies have been reported in the worldwide literature to date. Based on a literature review and our experience, we recommend that similar laryngeal pathologies undergo early IgG4 serological testing and biopsy immunohistochemistry. Prompt diagnostic confirmation may prevent unnecessary surgical interventions and optimise immunosuppression. Furthermore, the use of a laryngeal stent following laryngeal surgery may help reduce stenotic recurrence and promote healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Siau
- Aintree University Hospital, UK
| | | | - J Harper
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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22
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Graboyes EM, Sterba KR, Li H, Warren GW, Alberg AJ, Calhoun EA, Nussenbaum B, McCay J, Marsh CH, Osazuwa-Peters N, Neskey DM, Kaczmar JM, Sharma AK, Harper J, Day TA, Hughes-Halbert C. Development and Evaluation of a Navigation-Based, Multilevel Intervention to Improve the Delivery of Timely, Guideline-Adherent Adjuvant Therapy for Patients With Head and Neck Cancer. JCO Oncol Pract 2021; 17:e1512-e1523. [PMID: 33689399 PMCID: PMC8791819 DOI: 10.1200/op.20.00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE More than half of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) experience a delay initiating guideline-adherent postoperative radiation therapy (PORT), contributing to excess mortality and racial disparities in survival. However, interventions to improve the delivery of timely, equitable PORT among patients with HNSCC are lacking. This study (1) describes the development of NDURE (Navigation for Disparities and Untimely Radiation thErapy), a navigation-based multilevel intervention (MLI) to improve guideline-adherent PORT and (2) evaluates its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy. METHODS NDURE was developed using the six steps of intervention mapping (IM). Subsequently, NDURE was evaluated by enrolling consecutive patients with locally advanced HNSCC undergoing surgery and PORT (n = 15) into a single-arm clinical trial with a mixed-methods approach to process evaluation. RESULTS NDURE is a navigation-based MLI targeting barriers to timely, guideline-adherent PORT at the patient, healthcare team, and organizational levels. NDURE is delivered via three in-person navigation sessions anchored to case identification and surgical care transitions. Intervention components include the following: (1) patient education, (2) travel support, (3) a standardized process for initiating the discussion of expectations for PORT, (4) PORT care plans, (5) referral tracking and follow-up, and (6) organizational restructuring. NDURE was feasible, as judged by accrual (88% of eligible patients [100% Blacks] enrolled) and dropout (n = 0). One hundred percent of patients reported moderate or strong agreement that NDURE helped solve challenges starting PORT; 86% were highly likely to recommend NDURE. The rate of timely, guideline-adherent PORT was 86% overall and 100% for Black patients. CONCLUSION NDURE is a navigation-based MLI that is feasible, is acceptable, and has the potential to improve the timely, equitable, guideline-adherent PORT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M. Graboyes
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Evan M. Graboyes, MD, MPH, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Ave, MSC 550, Charleston, SC 29425; e-mail:
| | - Katherine R. Sterba
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Hong Li
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Graham W. Warren
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Anthony J. Alberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | | | - Brian Nussenbaum
- American Board of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Houston, TX
| | - Jessica McCay
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Courtney H. Marsh
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC,Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - David M. Neskey
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - John M. Kaczmar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Anand K. Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Terry A. Day
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Chanita Hughes-Halbert
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Harrewijn A, Cardinale EM, Groenewold NA, Bas-Hoogendam JM, Aghajani M, Hilbert K, Cardoner N, Porta-Casteràs D, Gosnell S, Salas R, Jackowski AP, Pan PM, Salum GA, Blair KS, Blair JR, Hammoud MZ, Milad MR, Burkhouse KL, Phan KL, Schroeder HK, Strawn JR, Beesdo-Baum K, Jahanshad N, Thomopoulos SI, Buckner R, Nielsen JA, Smoller JW, Soares JC, Mwangi B, Wu MJ, Zunta-Soares GB, Assaf M, Diefenbach GJ, Brambilla P, Maggioni E, Hofmann D, Straube T, Andreescu C, Berta R, Tamburo E, Price RB, Manfro GG, Agosta F, Canu E, Cividini C, Filippi M, Kostić M, Munjiza Jovanovic A, Alberton BAV, Benson B, Freitag GF, Filippi CA, Gold AL, Leibenluft E, Ringlein GV, Werwath KE, Zwiebel H, Zugman A, Grabe HJ, Van der Auwera S, Wittfeld K, Völzke H, Bülow R, Balderston NL, Ernst M, Grillon C, Mujica-Parodi LR, van Nieuwenhuizen H, Critchley HD, Makovac E, Mancini M, Meeten F, Ottaviani C, Ball TM, Fonzo GA, Paulus MP, Stein MB, Gur RE, Gur RC, Kaczkurkin AN, Larsen B, Satterthwaite TD, Harper J, Myers M, Perino MT, Sylvester CM, Yu Q, Lueken U, Veltman DJ, Thompson PM, Stein DJ, Van der Wee NJA, Winkler AM, Pine DS. Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:502. [PMID: 34599145 PMCID: PMC8486763 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to compare brain structure between individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and healthy controls. Previous studies have generated inconsistent findings, possibly due to small sample sizes, or clinical/analytic heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we combined data from 28 research sites worldwide through the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group, using a single, pre-registered mega-analysis. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data from children and adults (5-90 years) were processed using FreeSurfer. The main analysis included the regional and vertex-wise cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume as dependent variables, and GAD, age, age-squared, sex, and their interactions as independent variables. Nuisance variables included IQ, years of education, medication use, comorbidities, and global brain measures. The main analysis (1020 individuals with GAD and 2999 healthy controls) included random slopes per site and random intercepts per scanner. A secondary analysis (1112 individuals with GAD and 3282 healthy controls) included fixed slopes and random intercepts per scanner with the same variables. The main analysis showed no effect of GAD on brain structure, nor interactions involving GAD, age, or sex. The secondary analysis showed increased volume in the right ventral diencephalon in male individuals with GAD compared to male healthy controls, whereas female individuals with GAD did not differ from female healthy controls. This mega-analysis combining worldwide data showed that differences in brain structure related to GAD are small, possibly reflecting heterogeneity or those structural alterations are not a major component of its pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Harrewijn
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Elise M Cardinale
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nynke A Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Research & Innovation, GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Hilbert
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Narcis Cardoner
- Department of Mental Health, University Hospital Parc Taulí-I3PT, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Porta-Casteràs
- Department of Mental Health, University Hospital Parc Taulí-I3PT, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Savannah Gosnell
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrea P Jackowski
- LiNC, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Pan
- LiNC, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanni A Salum
- Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Karina S Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - James R Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Mira Z Hammoud
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed R Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katie L Burkhouse
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Luan Phan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heidi K Schroeder
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Strawn
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Katja Beesdo-Baum
- Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Randy Buckner
- Center for Brain Science & Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jared A Nielsen
- Center for Brain Science & Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Psychology Department & Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jair C Soares
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benson Mwangi
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mon-Ju Wu
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Giovana B Zunta-Soares
- Center Of Excellence On Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michal Assaf
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gretchen J Diefenbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Anxiety Disorders Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - David Hofmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Straube
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Carmen Andreescu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rachel Berta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Erica Tamburo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rebecca B Price
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gisele G Manfro
- Anxiety Disorder Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Cividini
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Milutin Kostić
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Bianca A V Alberton
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Puerto Rico, Brazil
| | - Brenda Benson
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gabrielle F Freitag
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Courtney A Filippi
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea L Gold
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Grace V Ringlein
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn E Werwath
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Zwiebel
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - André Zugman
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicholas L Balderston
- Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Monique Ernst
- Section on Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christian Grillon
- Section on Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Hugo D Critchley
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Elena Makovac
- Centre for Neuroimaging Science, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Matteo Mancini
- Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Frances Meeten
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Cristina Ottaviani
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Tali M Ball
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A Fonzo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Bart Larsen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Myers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael T Perino
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chad M Sylvester
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qiongru Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ulrike Lueken
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Dan J Stein
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nic J A Van der Wee
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anderson M Winkler
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Graber E, Baldwin H, Harper J, Alexis A, Gold LS, Hebert A, Fried R, Rieder E, Kircik L, Del Rosso J, Kasujee I, Grada A. LB756 Patient-reported outcomes for sarecycline effectiveness in Acne Vulgaris in real-world settings: PROSES study protocol. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Harper J, Armstrong A, Fried R, Rieder E, Alvarez-Dieppa A, Grada A. LB755 Patient-reported outcomes with sarecycline treatment for Acne Vulgaris: Pooled analysis of phase 3 clinical studies. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Stein J, Coggin-Carr D, Harper J. P–485 A systematic analysis of acupuncture for IVF treatment: how should the HFEA traffic light scale for add-ons rate it? Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
How should acupuncture be rated on the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority traffic light scheme for IVF add-ons?
Summary answer
Randomised controlled trials examining the possible effects of acupuncture on IVF success rates are conflicting, and acupuncture should be rated amber.
What is known already
The use of complementary therapies in assisted reproduction and IVF has become increasingly more commonplace in recent years. Patients seeking to maximise their chances of conception are often interested in purchasing additional treatments (termed ‘add-ons’) to augment their treatment cycle, often at a high price even in the absence of robust underlying evidence. The use of acupuncture is popular due to putative holistic benefits including stress reduction, and the perceived lack of side-effects and minimal invasiveness. The HFEA traffic light system has not yet rated any complementary therapies, even though these are promoted by fertility clinics.
Study design, size, duration
A systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture during IVF treatment was conducted. A literature search for acupuncture studies was conducted on the PubMed database and the University College London (UCL) library database. Search terms used were “acupuncture” paired with “IVF”, “in vitro fertilisation”, “assisted reproduction” and “RCT”. Study quality and variance in treatment protocols were assessed, to understand both any evidence and its quality. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The UCL library database yielded 403 individual search results and PubMed database yielded 47. Papers were screened and sorted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion: publication in English, in an English-language journal; RCT; intervention administered during IVF; either pregnancy rate (PR), ongoing/clinical PR or live birth rate (LBR) reported. Exclusion: reviews; not in English; not RCT; above outcomes not reported.
Main results and the role of chance
After final screening, a total of 34 acupuncture RCTs were included in the review and meta-analysis. The sample sizes of the studies analysed ranged from 44 to 809 (median 162). Only a minority of studies (18%, 6/34) involved blinding of both assessor and participant, while foregoing incorporation of blinding into study design was most common (44%, 15/34 studies). There was little consistency regarding the timing of acupuncture treatment during the IVF protocol across RCTs. A total of 21/34 studies (62%) had a protocol involving acupuncture administration before and after the embryo transfer procedure on the day of transfer. The number of needle insertions during the treatment protocols ranged from 5–13 (mean 8.7). Manual acupuncture only was performed in 8/34 (24%) of studies and 26/34 (76%) utilised electrical stimulation of at least some of the acupuncture needles. Out of 34 RCTs, only 10/34 studies (29%) reported LBR. The meta-analysis included all identified RCTs. The most clinically relevant outcome measure reported in each study found a slight benefit of acupuncture for overall IVF success (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.13–1.65) however the effect was diluted when only comparing studies reporting LBR (OR 1.14 ,95% CI 0.81–1.61).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Methodological heterogeneity of acupuncture RCTs in IVF (needling location, stimulation, retention time, repetition and timing) complicates data pooling. Underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of action are still being clarified and may help delineate optimal regimens, potentially tailored to individual causes of infertility. Treatment safety and potential for worse outcomes must be considered.
Wider implications of the findings: Complementary therapies are a popular add-on for IVF treatment but assessing them from a robust biomedical perspective is challenging due to issues with study design (including controls), study quality and general attitudes. For acupuncture, future research should arguably focus on biomedical perspectives and shift away from Traditional Chinese Medicine philosophies.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stein
- University College London, Institute for Women’s Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Coggin-Carr
- UVM Larner College of Medicine- University of Vermont, Department of Obstetrics- Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Vermont, USA
| | - J Harper
- University College London, Institute for Women’s Health, London, United Kingdom
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Worsfold L, Marriott L, Johnson S, Harper J. P-469 Period Tracker Applications – are they giving women accurate menstrual cycle information? Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab127.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Are period trackers giving women accurate information about their periods and ovulation?
Summary answer
The top 10 period trackers gave conflicting information on period dates, ovulation day and the fertile window.
What is known already
Period tracking applications allow women to track their menstrual cycles and receive a prediction for their periods. The majority of applications also provide predictions of day of ovulation and the fertile window. Previous research indicates applications are basing predictions on assuming women undergo a textbook 28-day cycle with ovulation occurring on day 14 and a fertile window between days 10 and 17.
Study design, size, duration
An audit of menstrual cycle apps was conducted on the Apple app store using menstrual cycle tracker/period tracker as the search terms. The top ten apps that followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analysed and used for this study. All apps had the ability to allow retrospective data entry giving future cycle predictions and fertile window, and nine of the apps predicted a day of ovulation.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Five women’s profiles for 6 menstrual cycles were created and entered into each app. Cycle length (CL) and ovulation day (OD) for the 6th cycle were; Woman 1 – Constant 28 day CL, 0D 16, Woman 2 – Average 23 day CL, OD 13, Woman 3 – Average 28 day CL, OD 17, Woman 4 – Average 33 day CL, OD 20 and Woman 5 – Irregular, average 31 day CL, OD 14.
Main results and the role of chance
For cycle length, the apps all predicted woman 1’s cycles correctly but for women 2-5, the apps predicted 0 to 8 days shorter or longer than expected. For day of ovulation; for woman 1, no apps predicted this correctly; the apps ranged from day 13-15. For woman 2, 1 app was correct and overall the apps showed a lot of variation from day 8 to 13. For woman 3, no apps got it right, with a range of day 13-16. For woman 4, 2 apps got it right, but the apps ranged from day 13-20. For woman 5, no apps got right; the apps ranged from day 13-21. Irrespective of cycle length, 7 apps predicted a fertile window of 7 days in almost all cases; except 1 app that predicted 6 days for woman 2 and a different app which predicted 8 days for woman 4. For the remaining 3 apps, one always predicted a 10 day fertile window. One app predicted an 11 day fertile window in 4/5 women. One app predicted a 12 day fertile window in 4/5 women.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The five profiles created spanned a range of observed cycle characteristics, but many permutations are possible. A Monte Carlo type analysis could be conducted to examine these possibilities to provide more precise assessment of app performance, but as data had to be added manually into apps, this was not possible.
Wider implications of the findings
The apps do not use the same algorithm and show variation. The information given by these apps is not 100% accurate, especially for the day of ovulation and the fertile window which can only be predicted if using a marker of ovulation, such as basal body temperature or ovulation sticks.
Trial registration number
not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- L Worsfold
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Marriott
- SPD Development Company Ltd, Statistics and Data Managment, Bedford, United Kingdom
| | - S Johnson
- SPD Development Company Ltd, Clinical and Regulatory Affairs, Bedford, United Kingdom
| | - J Harper
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Payne M, Skytte AB, Harper J. P–539 The use of expanded carrier screening of gamete donors. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What are the sperm and egg donor rejection rates after expanded carrier screening (ECS)?
Summary answer
Using an ECS panel looking at 46/47 genes, 17.6% of donors were rejected.
What is known already
The use of ECS is becoming commonplace in assisted reproductive technology, including testing of egg and sperm donors. Most national guidelines recommend rejection of donors if they are carriers of a genetic disease. If the use of ECS increases, there will be a decline in the number of donors available.
Study design, size, duration
A review of the current preconception ECS panels available to donors was carried out through an online search. The genetic testing results of donors from Cryos International were analysed to determine how many were rejected on the basis of the ECS.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Data on gamete donors and their carrier status was provided by Cryos International, who screen donors using their own bespoke ECS panel. The ECS panels identified through the review were compared to the Cryos International panel and data.
Main results and the role of chance
A total of 16 companies and 42 associated ECS panels were reviewed. There were a total of 2673 unique disorders covered by the panels examined, with a mean of 329 disorders screened. None of these disorders were common to all panels. Cryos International screen 46 disorders in males and 47 in females. From 883 candidate donors, 17.6% (155/883) were rejected based on their ECS result. Carriers of alpha-thalassaemia represented the largest proportion of those rejected (19.4%, 30/155), then spinal muscular atrophy (15.5%, 24/155) and cystic fibrosis (14.8%, 23/155).
Limitations, reasons for caution
Panel information was found on company web sites and may not have been accurate.
Wider implications of the findings: This study highlights the need for consistent EU regulations and guidelines which allow genetic matching of gamete donors to recipients, preventing the need to reject donors who are known carriers. A larger ECS panel would be most beneficial, however, this would not be viable without matching of donors and recipients.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- M Payne
- University College London, Institute for Women’s Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - A B Skytte
- Cryos International, Denmark ApS- Vesterbro Torv 3- 5th floor- 8000 Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J Harper
- University College London, Institute for Women’s Health, London, United Kingdom
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Harper J. O-048 Con: Add-ons should not be offered to patients without solid evidence from clinical trials. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab126.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Harper
- Institute for Women’s Health, Professor of Reproductive Science, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Worsfold L, Marriott L, Johnson S, Harper J. P–469 Period Tracker Applications – are they giving women accurate menstrual cycle information? Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Are period trackers giving women accurate information about their periods and ovulation?
Summary answer
The top 10 period trackers gave conflicting information on period dates, ovulation day and the fertile window.
What is known already
Period tracking applications allow women to track their menstrual cycles and receive a prediction for their periods. The majority of applications also provide predictions of day of ovulation and the fertile window. Previous research indicates applications are basing predictions on assuming women undergo a textbook 28-day cycle with ovulation occurring on day 14 and a fertile window between days 10 and 17.
Study design, size, duration
An audit of menstrual cycle apps was conducted on the Apple app store using menstrual cycle tracker/period tracker as the search terms. The top ten apps that followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analysed and used for this study. All apps had the ability to allow retrospective data entry giving future cycle predictions and fertile window, and nine of the apps predicted a day of ovulation.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Five women’s profiles for 6 menstrual cycles were created and entered into each app. Cycle length (CL) and ovulation day (OD) for the 6th cycle were; Woman 1 – Constant 28 day CL, 0D 16, Woman 2 – Average 23 day CL, OD 13, Woman 3 – Average 28 day CL, OD 17, Woman 4 – Average 33 day CL, OD 20 and Woman 5 – Irregular, average 31 day CL, OD 14.
Main results and the role of chance
For cycle length, the apps all predicted woman 1’s cycles correctly but for women 2–5, the apps predicted 0 to 8 days shorter or longer than expected. For day of ovulation; for woman 1, no apps predicted this correctly; the apps ranged from day 13–15. For woman 2, 1 app was correct and overall the apps showed a lot of variation from day 8 to 13. For woman 3, no apps got it right, with a range of day 13–16. For woman 4, 2 apps got it right, but the apps ranged from day 13–20. For woman 5, no apps got right; the apps ranged from day 13–21. Irrespective of cycle length, 7 apps predicted a fertile window of 7 days in almost all cases; except 1 app that predicted 6 days for woman 2 and a different app which predicted 8 days for woman 4. For the remaining 3 apps, one always predicted a 10 day fertile window. One app predicted an 11 day fertile window in 4/5 women. One app predicted a 12 day fertile window in 4/5 women.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The five profiles created spanned a range of observed cycle characteristics, but many permutations are possible. A Monte Carlo type analysis could be conducted to examine these possibilities to provide more precise assessment of app performance, but as data had to be added manually into apps, this was not possible.
Wider implications of the findings: The apps do not use the same algorithm and show variation. The information given by these apps is not 100% accurate, especially for the day of ovulation and the fertile window which can only be predicted if using a marker of ovulation, such as basal body temperature or ovulation sticks.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- L Worsfold
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Marriott
- SPD Development Company Ltd, Statistics and Data Managment, Bedford, United Kingdom
| | - S Johnson
- SPD Development Company Ltd, Clinical and Regulatory Affairs, Bedford, United Kingdom
| | - J Harper
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Harper J, Botero-Meneses JS. P–476 Women’s attitudes to having children: A mixed-methods study using an online questionnaire of women aged 25–45 years old. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What are women’s attitudes to having children including their ideal age to have children, factors affecting their decision and their understanding of female fertility?
Summary answer
The average age women wanted to have children was age 30, with most still developing their career. They showed a good knowledge of fertility awareness.
What is known already
Women globally are delaying the birth of their first child, with the average age of first birth approaching age 32 in some countries. The fertility rate stands at 1.3 in several European Union countries. Some people are not having the desired family size or are childless by circumstance. We need to ensure we provide fertility education from school-age onwards.
Study design, size, duration
We conducted an anonymous, online survey of multiple choice and open-ended questions using Qualtrics software. The survey was live for 32 days from May 15th, 2020 to June 16th, 2020 and was promoted using social media. A mixed-method approach was used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
A total of 922 women from 44 countries participated in the survey. After filtering out women who did not consent and those who did not want to have children, a total of 834 responses remained. Elimination of blank surveys or insufficient data resulted in a final number of 667 responses.
Main results and the role of chance
The mean age of the respondents was 31.3 (±4.76). The majority were white British (347/667, 52%) and heterosexual (614/667, 92.0%). A high proportion had a university education (195/667, 29%) or postgraduate education (392/667, 59%). The majority were married/in a civil partnership (223/667, 33%) or cohabitating (215/667, 32%). 135/667 (20%) were single and never married.
When asked ‘In an ideal world, at what age approximately would you like to have had or have children? a normal distribution was observed with a mean age of 30.2 (±3.2). When asked ‘What factors have led you to decide on that particular age?’ the most frequent choice was “I am developing my career”, followed by “I am not financially ready.” Women were asked how informed they felt about fertility. The majority of women said they felt moderately informed (60%, 400/667), very informed (28%, 190/667), or they were not informed at all (12%, 77 /667). Most women thought female fertility decline starts at age 35 (32.8%, 219/667). To the question “What is the oldest age at which women can get pregnant?” almost 70% of women (465/667) believed the oldest age to be between 40–49 and 24%, (160/667) said over 50.
Limitations, reasons for caution
All surveys have a selection bias. The survey was only promoted on social media. As the survey was in English, the women who answered the survey were mainly UK residents who were highly educated.
Wider implications of the findings: In a group of highly educated women, age 30 was the most common age for wanting a child but career development and finances are the main reasons affecting their decision. These women had some understanding of female fertility. Global fertility education is essential to ensure people make informed reproductive choices.
Trial registration number
NA
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harper
- Institute for Women’s Health, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - J S Botero-Meneses
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences- Universidad del Rosario-, Neuroscience Centre Neurovitae-UR. Neuroscience Research Group NEUROS, Bogotá, Colombia
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Zammit M, Hardy S, Harper J, Panarese A, Webb C. 544 Vasculitic Subglottic Stenosis: A Question of Immunosuppression? Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is the commonest manifestation of tracheobronchial disease in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and carries a high degree of morbidity.
Management of SGS-GPA is a double-edged sword. Delayed treatment may cause respiratory compromise and infectious complications. However, aggressive surgical management may initiate a systemic inflammatory response, reactivating the vasculitic cascade and potentially lead to long-term complications including renal vasculitis and consequential end-stage renal failure.
There is currently no internationally agreed management strategy for this disease.
Method
This retrospective review was undertaken to analyse our unique combination of surgical dilatations and immunosuppressive-focused adjuvant management strategy between years 2011-2020.
Results
Sixteen of our one hundred and nine GPA patients (14.7%) had SGS and were included in our analysis. Whilst three patients (18.8%) improved solely on medical treatment, thirteen (81.3%) required combined surgery and immunosuppression (consisting of cyclophosphamide or Rituximab regimens). Thirty-nine surgical dilatations and two tracheostomies were performed over a mean 53-month follow-up period, with a calculated mean procedure rate of one every 24.8 months (2.7 - 89 months).
Conclusions
Our current management strategy affords a lower procedure rate at every 24.8 months compared to other published studies with combined procedure rate at every 14.9 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zammit
- Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Hardy
- Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Harper
- Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Panarese
- Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Webb
- Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Shariffi B, Harper J, Smith J, Ready S, Lloyd I, Manrique Acevedo CM, Padilla J, Limberg J. Differential Vasomotor Effects of Insulin in the Peripheral and Cerebrovascular Circulations of Healthy Young Adults. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.01497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Shariffi
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | | | | | | | - Camila Margarita Manrique Acevedo
- MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Research ServiceUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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Ivie C, Edmunds J, Ott E, Jacob D, Baker S, Harper J, Manrique Acevedo CM, Limberg J. Sex Differences in the Effect of Acute Intermittent Hypoxia on Respiratory‐Sympathetic Coupling in Humans. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clayton Ivie
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Jane Edmunds
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Elizabeth Ott
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Dain Jacob
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Sarah Baker
- Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Camila Margarita Manrique Acevedo
- MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Research ServiceUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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Jacob D, Harper J, Ivie C, Ott E, Limberg J. The Vascular Response to Sympathetic Activation is Attenuated in Young Women Following Acute Intermittent Hypoxia. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dain Jacob
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Clayton Ivie
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
| | - Elizabeth Ott
- Nutrition & Exercise PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO
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Price TL, Harper J, Francoeur SN, Halvorson HM, Kuehn KA. Brown meets green: light and nutrients alter detritivore assimilation of microbial nutrients from leaf litter. Ecology 2021; 102:e03358. [PMID: 33811660 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In aquatic detrital-based food webs, research suggests that autotroph-heterotroph microbial interactions exert bottom-up controls on energy and nutrient transfer. To address this emerging topic, we investigated microbial responses to nutrient and light treatments during Liriodendron tulipifera litter decomposition and fed litter to the caddisfly larvae Pycnopsyche sp. We measured litter-associated algal, fungal, and bacterial biomass and production. Microbes were also labeled with 14 C and 33 P to trace distinct microbial carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) supporting Pycnopsyche assimilation and incorporation (growth). Litter-associated algal and fungal production rates additively increased with higher nutrient and light availability. Incorporation of microbial P did not differ across diets, except for higher incorporation efficiency of slower-turnover P on low-nutrient, shaded litter. On average, Pycnopsyche assimilated fungal C more efficiently than bacterial or algal C, and Pycnopsyche incorporated bacterial C more efficiently than algal or fungal C. Due to high litter fungal biomass, fungi supported 89.6-93.1% of Pycnopsyche C growth, compared to 0.2% to 3.6% supported by bacteria or algae. Overall, Pycnopsyche incorporated the most C in high nutrient and shaded litter. Our findings affirm others' regarding autotroph-heterotroph microbial interactions and extend into the trophic transfer of microbial energy and nutrients through detrital food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor L Price
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 39406, USA.,Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - Jennifer Harper
- Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan, 48197, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, 43403, USA
| | - Steven N Francoeur
- Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan, 48197, USA
| | - Halvor M Halvorson
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 39406, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas, 72035, USA
| | - Kevin A Kuehn
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, 39406, USA
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Graboyes EM, Sterba KR, Li H, Warren G, Alberg AJ, Calhoun EA, Nussenbaum B, McCay J, Marsh CH, Neskey DM, Kaczmar J, Sharma AK, Harper J, Day TA, Halbert CH. Abstract PO-231: Development and evaluation of a theory-based, multilevel intervention to improve the delivery of timely, guideline-adherent adjuvant therapy for patients with head and neck cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.disp20-po-231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Delays initiating guideline-adherent postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) occur in more than 50% of patients and are key drivers of excess mortality and racial disparities in survival. Theory-based multilevel interventions to address delays and racial disparities in timely PORT have not been described and effective interventions to improve timely, equitable PORT are lacking. Purpose: This study aims to describe the development of NDURE (Navigation for Disparities and Untimely Radiation Therapy), a novel theory- based, multilevel intervention to decrease delays starting PORT and evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary clinical efficacy. Methods: An intervention mapping approach was used to develop NDURE. Consecutive patients with locally- advanced HNSCC undergoing surgery and PORT were enrolled into a single-arm clinical trial. Results: NDURE targets the determinants of timely, guideline-adherent PORT through the following core functions: 1) patient education, 2) standardization of the process for initiating the discussion of PORT, 3) PORT care plans, 4) provider role definition, 5) referral tracking and follow-up, and 6) transportation assistance.
NDURE was feasible, as judged by trial accrual (88% overall; 100% for African Americans) and dropout (n=0). 100% of patients reported moderate/strong agreement that NDURE helped solve challenges starting PORT; 86% were highly likely to recommend NDURE. The rate of timely, guideline-adherent PORT was 86% overall and 100% for African Americans. Conclusions: NDURE is a novel, theory-based, multilevel intervention targeting determinants of timely PORT among HNSCC patients. NDURE is feasible, acceptable, and has potential to improve the timely, equitable, guideline-adherent PORT. These results support conducting a randomized controlled trial to test NDURE’s clinical efficacy. clinicaltrials.gov number NCT04030130
Citation Format: Evan M. Graboyes, Katherine R. Sterba, Hong Li, Graham Warren, Anthony J. Alberg, Elizabeth A. Calhoun, Brian Nussenbaum, Jessica McCay, Courtney H. Marsh, David M. Neskey, John Kaczmar, Anand K. Sharma, Jennifer Harper, Terry A. Day, Chanita Hughes Halbert. Development and evaluation of a theory-based, multilevel intervention to improve the delivery of timely, guideline-adherent adjuvant therapy for patients with head and neck cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-231.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Li
- 1Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,
| | - Graham Warren
- 1Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,
| | | | | | - Brian Nussenbaum
- 4American Board of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Houston, TX
| | - Jessica McCay
- 1Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,
| | | | | | - John Kaczmar
- 1Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,
| | | | | | - Terry A. Day
- 1Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC,
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Lean FZX, Payne J, Harper J, Devlin J, Williams DT, Bingham J. Evaluation of Bluetongue Virus (BTV) Antibodies for the Immunohistochemical Detection of BTV and Other Orbiviruses. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081207. [PMID: 32784809 PMCID: PMC7464351 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The detection of bluetongue virus (BTV) antigens in formalin-fixed tissues has been challenging; therefore, only a limited number of studies on suitable immunohistochemical approaches have been reported. This study details the successful application of antibodies for the immunohistochemical detection of BTV in BSR variant baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-BSR) and infected sheep lungs that were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE). BTV reactive antibodies raised against non-structural (NS) proteins 1, 2, and 3/3a and viral structural protein 7 (VP7) were first evaluated on FFPE BTV-infected cell pellets for their ability to detect BTV serotype 1 (BTV-1). Antibodies that were successful in immunolabelling BTV-1 infected cell pellets were further tested, using similar methods, to determine their broader immunoreactivity against a diverse range of BTV and other orbiviruses. Antibodies specific for NS1, NS2, and NS3/3a were able to detect all BTV isolates tested, and the VP7 antibody cross-reacted with all BTV isolates, except BTV-15. The NS1 antibodies were BTV serogroup-specific, while the NS2, NS3/3a, and VP7 antibodies demonstrated immunologic cross-reactivity to related orbiviruses. These antibodies also detected viral antigens in BTV-3 infected sheep lung. This study demonstrates the utility of FFPE-infected cell pellets for the development and validation of BTV immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Z. X. Lean
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia;
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
- Correspondence: (F.Z.X.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Jean Payne
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Jennifer Harper
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
| | - Joanne Devlin
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia;
| | - David T. Williams
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
| | - John Bingham
- CSIRO Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness (ACDP, formerly AAHL), Geelong 3220, Victoria, Australia; (J.P.); (J.H.); (D.T.W.)
- Correspondence: (F.Z.X.L.); (J.B.)
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Kennett D, Reisel D, Harper J. Genetic databases and donor anonymity. Hum Reprod 2019; 34:1848-1849. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Kennett
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - D Reisel
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - J Harper
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Pino M, King C, Shim I, Wang H, Nguyen K, Samer S, Harper J, Lifson J, Reynaldi A, Deleage C, Padhan K, Cervasi B, Davenport M, Petrovas C, Lederman M, Paiardini M. Fingolimod treatment at ART initiation delays SIV rebound after ART interruption. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)31078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Harper J, De Vega J, Swain S, Heavens D, Gasior D, Thomas A, Evans C, Lovatt A, Lister S, Thorogood D, Skøt L, Hegarty M, Blackmore T, Kudrna D, Byrne S, Asp T, Powell W, Fernandez-Fuentes N, Armstead I. Integrating a newly developed BAC-based physical mapping resource for Lolium perenne with a genome-wide association study across a L. perenne European ecotype collection identifies genomic contexts associated with agriculturally important traits. Ann Bot 2019; 123:977-992. [PMID: 30715119 PMCID: PMC6589518 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) is the most widely cultivated forage and amenity grass species in temperate areas worldwide and there is a need to understand the genetic architectures of key agricultural traits and crop characteristics that deliver wider environmental services. Our aim was to identify genomic regions associated with agriculturally important traits by integrating a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based physical map with a genome-wide association study (GWAS). METHODS BAC-based physical maps for L. perenne were constructed from ~212 000 high-information-content fingerprints using Fingerprint Contig and Linear Topology Contig software. BAC clones were associated with both BAC-end sequences and a partial minimum tiling path sequence. A panel of 716 L. perenne diploid genotypes from 90 European accessions was assessed in the field over 2 years, and genotyped using a Lolium Infinium SNP array. The GWAS was carried out using a linear mixed model implemented in TASSEL, and extended genomic regions associated with significant markers were identified through integration with the physical map. KEY RESULTS Between ~3600 and 7500 physical map contigs were derived, depending on the software and probability thresholds used, and integrated with ~35 k sequenced BAC clones to develop a resource predicted to span the majority of the L. perenne genome. From the GWAS, eight different loci were significantly associated with heading date, plant width, plant biomass and water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation, seven of which could be associated with physical map contigs. This allowed the identification of a number of candidate genes. CONCLUSIONS Combining the physical mapping resource with the GWAS has allowed us to extend the search for candidate genes across larger regions of the L. perenne genome and identified a number of interesting gene model annotations. These physical maps will aid in validating future sequence-based assemblies of the L. perenne genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harper
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - J De Vega
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - S Swain
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - D Heavens
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - D Gasior
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - A Thomas
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - C Evans
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - A Lovatt
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - S Lister
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - D Thorogood
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - L Skøt
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - M Hegarty
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - T Blackmore
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - D Kudrna
- Arizona Genomics Institute, School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S Byrne
- Teagasc, Department of Crop Science, Carlow, Ireland
| | - T Asp
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Crop Genetics and Biotechnology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - W Powell
- Scotland’s Rural College, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N Fernandez-Fuentes
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - I Armstead
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
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Badshah II, Brown S, Weibel L, Rose A, Way B, Sebire N, Inman G, Harper J, O'Shaughnessy RFL. Differential expression of secreted factors SOSTDC1 and ADAMTS8 cause profibrotic changes in linear morphoea fibroblasts. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1135-1149. [PMID: 30367460 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Linear morphoea (LM) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by a line of thickened skin and subcutaneous tissue and can also affect the underlying muscle and bone. Little is known about the disease aetiology, with treatment currently limited to immune suppression, and disease recurrence post-treatment is common. OBJECTIVES In order to uncover new therapeutic avenues, the cell-intrinsic changes in LM fibroblasts compared with site-matched controls were characterized. METHODS We grew fibroblasts from site-matched affected and unaffected regions from five patients with LM, we subjected them to gene expression analysis and investigation of SMAD signalling. RESULTS Fibroblasts from LM lesions showed increased migration, proliferation, altered collagen processing, and abnormally high basal levels of phosphorylated SMAD2, thereby rendering them less responsive to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and reducing the degree of myofibroblast differentiation, which is a key component of the wound-healing and scarring process in normal skin. Conditioned media from normal fibroblasts could reverse LM-affected fibroblast migration and proliferation, suggesting that the LM phenotype is driven by an altered secretome. Gene array analysis and RNA-Seq indicated upregulation of ADAMTS8 and downregulation of FRAS1 and SOSTDC1. SOSTDC1 knock-down recapitulated the reduced TGF-β1 responsiveness and LM fibroblast migration, while overexpression of ADAMTS8 induced myofibroblast markers. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that cell-intrinsic changes in the LM fibroblast secretome lead to changes observed in the disease, and that secretome modulation could be a viable therapeutic approach in the treatment of LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- I I Badshah
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
- Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
| | - S Brown
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
- Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
- Restoration of Appearance and Function Trust, Leopold Muller Building, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex, U.K
| | - L Weibel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Rose
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, School of Medicine, Dundee, U.K
| | - B Way
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
- Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
| | - N Sebire
- Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, U.K
| | - G Inman
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, School of Medicine, Dundee, U.K
| | - J Harper
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
- Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
| | - R F L O'Shaughnessy
- Immunobiology and Dermatology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
- Livingstone Skin Research Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, U.K
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K
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Eichenfield LF, Del Rosso JQ, Tan JKL, Hebert AA, Webster GF, Harper J, Baldwin HE, Kircik LH, Stein-Gold L, Kaoukhov A, Alvandi N. Use of an alternative method to evaluate erythema severity in a clinical trial: difference in vehicle response with evaluation of baseline and postdose photographs for effect of oxymetazoline cream 1·0% for persistent erythema of rosacea in a phase IV study. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1050-1057. [PMID: 30500065 PMCID: PMC6850476 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Once‐daily topical oxymetazoline cream 1·0% significantly reduced persistent facial erythema of rosacea in trials requiring live, static patient assessments. Objectives To evaluate critically the methodology of clinical trials that require live, static patient assessments by determining whether assessment of erythema is different when reference to the baseline photograph is allowed. Methods In two identically designed, randomized, phase III trials, adults with persistent facial erythema of rosacea applied oxymetazoline or vehicle once daily. This phase IV study evaluated standardized digital facial photographs from the phase III trials to record ≥ 1‐grade Clinician Erythema Assessment (CEA) improvement at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h postdose. Results Among 835 patients (oxymetazoline n = 415, vehicle n = 420), significantly greater proportions of patients treated with oxymetazoline vs. vehicle achieved ≥ 1‐grade CEA improvement. For the comparison between phase IV study results and the original phase III analysis, when reference to baseline photographs was allowed while evaluating post‐treatment photographs, the results for oxymetazoline were similar to results of the phase III trials (up to 85.7%), but a significantly lower proportion of vehicle recipients achieved ≥ 1‐grade CEA improvement (up to 29.7% [phase 4] vs. 52.3% [phase 3]; P<0.001). In the phase IV study, up to 80·2% of patients treated with oxymetazoline achieved at least moderate erythema improvement vs. up to 22·9% of patients treated with vehicle. The association between patients’ satisfaction with facial skin redness and percentage of erythema improvement was statistically significant. Conclusions Assessment of study photographs, with comparison to baseline, confirmed significant erythema reduction with oxymetazoline on the first day of application. Compared with the phase III trial results, significantly fewer vehicle recipients attained ≥ 1‐grade CEA improvement, suggesting a mitigated vehicle effect. This methodology may improve the accuracy of clinical trials evaluating erythema severity. What's already known about this topic? Phase III studies that evaluate the effects of medications on persistent facial erythema associated with rosacea require investigator assessments without allowing comparison with baseline images.
What does this study add? Grading of facial erythema of rosacea that utilized baseline photographs compared with post‐treatment photographs enhanced the accuracy of persistent facial erythema assessments. Furthermore, this method more accurately differentiated active treatment with oxymetazoline cream 1·0% from vehicle compared with live, static assessments. Methodology that allows for comparison to baseline photographs may improve the accuracy of clinical trials that evaluate erythema severity.
Linked Comment: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.17725. https://www.bjdonline.com/article/
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Eichenfield
- University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.,Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - J Q Del Rosso
- JDR Dermatology Research/Thomas Dermatology, Las Vegas, NV, U.S.A
| | - J K L Tan
- Windsor Clinical Research Inc., Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - A A Hebert
- UTHealth McGovern Medical School, Department of Dermatology, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - G F Webster
- Webster Dermatology, P.A., Hockessin, DE, U.S.A
| | - J Harper
- Dermatology and Skin Care Center of Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
| | - H E Baldwin
- The Acne Treatment and Research Center, Morristown, NJ, U.S.A
| | - L H Kircik
- DermResearch, PLLC, Louisville, KY, U.S.A.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - L Stein-Gold
- Henry Ford Health System, West Bloomfield, MI, U.S.A
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Fang L, Ginn AM, Harper J, Kane AS, Wright AC. Survey and genetic characterization of Vibrio cholerae in Apalachicola Bay, Florida (2012-2014). J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:1265-1277. [PMID: 30629784 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS A small outbreak of gastroenteritis in 2011 in Apalachicola Bay, FL was attributed to consumption of raw oysters carrying Vibrio cholerae serotype O75. To better understand possible health risks, V. cholerae was surveyed in oysters, fish and seawater, and results were compared to data for Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. METHODS AND RESULTS Enrichment protocols were used to compare prevalence of V. cholerae (0, 48, 50%), V. vulnificus (89, 97, 100%) and V. parahaemolyticus (83, 83, 100%) in fish, seawater and oysters respectively. Compared to other species, Most probable number results indicated significantly (P < 0·001) lower abundance of V. cholerae, which was also detected more frequently at lower salinity, near-shore sites; other species were more widely distributed throughout the bay. Genes for expression (ctxA, ctxB) and acquisition (tcpA) of cholera toxin were absent in all strains by PCR, which was confirmed by whole genome sequencing; however, other putative virulence genes (toxR, rtxA, hlyA, opmU) were common. Multi-locus sequence typing revealed 78% of isolates were genetically closer to V. cholerae O75 lineage or other non-O1 serogroups than to O1 or O139 serogroups. Resistance to amoxicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, amikacin, tetracycline and cephalothin, as well as multidrug resistance, was noted. CONCLUSIONS Results indicated minimal human health risk posed by V. cholerae, as all isolates recovered from Apalachicola Bay did not have the genetic capacity to produce cholera toxin. Vibrio cholerae was less prevalent and abundant relative to other pathogenic Vibrio species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These studies provide important baseline observations for V. cholerae virulence potential regarding: (i) genetic relatedness to V. cholerae O75, (ii) antibiotic resistance and (iii) prevalence of multiple virulence genes. These data will serve as a biomonitoring tool to better understand ecosystem status and management if bacterial densities and virulence potential are altered by environmental and climatic changes over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - A M Ginn
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - J Harper
- Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve, East Point, FL, USA
| | - A S Kane
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - A C Wright
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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45
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Bhagwat P, Du Parcq P, Khorashad J, Harper J. Cells and DNA: quality improvement (QI) initiative for molecular tests from cytology samples. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Holt L, Liddy N, Bossi G, Harper J, Dukes J, Paston S, Mahon T, Molloy P, Sami M, Baston E, Cameron B, Powesland A, Johnson A, Hassan N, Vuidepot A, Coughlin C, Jakobsen B. Engineering high affinity, soluble T cell receptors for the treatment of cancer. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Freeman E, Harper J, Goel N, Gilbert I, Unguris J, Schiff SJ, Tadigadapa S. Improving the magnetoelectric performance of Metglas/PZT laminates by annealing in a magnetic field. Smart Mater Struct 2017; 26:085038. [PMID: 28966478 PMCID: PMC5615411 DOI: 10.1088/1361-665x/aa770b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of magnetostriction optimization in Metglas 2605SA1 ribbons is performed to enhance magnetoelectric performance. We explore a range of annealing conditions to relieve remnant stress and align the magnetic domains in the Metglas, while minimizing unwanted crystallization. The magnetostriction coefficient, magnetoelectric coefficient, and magnetic domain alignment are correlated to optimize magnetoelectric performance. We report on direct magnetostriction observed by in-plane Doppler vibrometer and domain imagining using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis for a range of annealing conditions. We find that annealing in an oxygen-free environment at 400 °C for 30 min yields an optimal magnetoelectric coefficient, magnetostriction and magnetostriction coefficient. The optimized ribbons had a magnetostriction of 50.6 ± 0.2 μm m-1 and magnetoelectric coefficient of 79.3 ± 1.5 μm m-1 mT-1. The optimized Metglas 2605SA1 ribbons and PZT-5A (d31 mode) sensor achieves a magnetic noise floor of approximately 600 pT Hz-1/2 at 100 Hz and a magnetoelectric coefficient of 6.1 ± 0.03 MV m-1 T-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Freeman
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - J Harper
- Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - N Goel
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - I Gilbert
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - J Unguris
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, United States of America
| | - S J Schiff
- Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - S Tadigadapa
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
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48
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Micci L, Harper J, Paganini S, King C, Ryan E, Lifson J, Paiardini M. OA4-1 Combined IL-21 and IFNα treatment limits residual inflammation, viral persistence and delays viral rebound in SIV-infected rhesus macaques. J Virus Erad 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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49
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Bergfeld J, Meers J, Bingham J, Harper J, Payne J, Lowther S, Marsh G, Tachedjian M, Middleton D. An Australian Newcastle Disease Virus With a Virulent Fusion Protein Cleavage Site Produces Minimal Pathogenicity in Chickens. Vet Pathol 2017; 54:649-660. [PMID: 28494702 DOI: 10.1177/0300985817705173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Newcastle disease is an important disease of poultry caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). During the 1998 to 2002 outbreaks of Newcastle disease in Australia, it was observed that the mild clinical signs seen in some chickens infected with NDV did not correlate with the viruses' virulent fusion protein cleavage site motifs or standard pathogenicity indices. The pathogenicity of 2 Australian NDV isolates was evaluated in experimentally challenged chickens based on clinical evaluation, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular techniques. One of these virus isolates, Meredith/02, was shown to induce only very mild clinical signs with no mortalities in an experimental setting, in contrast to the velogenic Herts 33/56 and Texas GB isolates. This minimal pathogenicity was associated with decreased virus replication and antigen distribution in tissues. This demonstrates that the Australian Meredith/02 NDV, despite possessing a virulent fusion protein cleavage site, did not display a velogenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Bergfeld
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne Meers
- 2 School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John Bingham
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Harper
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jean Payne
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Lowther
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn Marsh
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mary Tachedjian
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deborah Middleton
- 1 CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
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Nagore D, Rapún N, Antón I, Harper J, Martínez A. Response to: Comparison of infliximab drug measurement across three commercially available ELISA kits. Pathology 2017; 49:332-334. [PMID: 28274669 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Nagore
- R&D Department, Progenika Biopharma-Grifols, Derio, Spain.
| | - N Rapún
- Product Development and Support, Progenika Biopharma, Derio, Spain
| | - I Antón
- Product Development and Support, Progenika Biopharma, Derio, Spain
| | - J Harper
- Australia National Applications, Grifols Australia Ltd, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - A Martínez
- R&D Department, Progenika Biopharma-Grifols, Derio, Spain
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