58. Evaluation of a Disease State Stewardship Intervention for Urinary Tract Infections at an Academic Medical Center

Background

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are often misdiagnosed and mismanaged. Disease state stewardship initiatives targeting UTIs may have a significant impact on the overuse of antimicrobials (ABX). The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a UTI focused disease state stewardship intervention.

Methods

This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care academic medical center. Patients > 18 years of age with a collected urinalysis (UA) and receiving ABX for a UTI were included. Retrospective review of UTI management from 9–11/2017 was performed and used as the baseline. In the post-intervention period, 9–11/2018, the UTI management guideline had been published and service lines educated. A prospective audit and feedback (PAAF) initiative was started 6/2019, whereby the antimicrobial stewardship team performed daily reviews of patients on ABX for UTIs. Patients reviewed 9–11/2019 were included in the PAAF cohort. Exclusion criteria included: pregnancy, undergoing a urologic procedure, treatment of a concomitant infection, receiving therapy based on outside recommendations, or left AMA/expired during treatment. The primary outcome of this study was to evaluate overall guideline adherence.

Results

600 patients (200 in each group) were included, with 419 (69.8%) female and an overall median age of 61.4 years. Altered mental status (24.8%) and dysuria (21.5%) were the two main diagnostic testing indications. Treatment of asymptomatic presentations decreased between the three periods, 74.0% vs 48.5% vs 36.0%. Appropriate ordering of UA (33.5% vs 55.0% vs 68.5%, p< 0.001) and urine cultures (29.0% vs 57.1% vs 64.8%, p< 0.001) improved following guideline implementation and PAAF. Interventions by the stewardship team were made in 21% of patients during PAAF, namely therapy discontinuation (78.6%). Overall guideline adherence significantly improved over time, 13.0% vs 27.0% vs 36.5%, p< 0.001.

Conclusion

UTI disease state intervention was associated with a reduction in the treatment of asymptomatic presentations, increase in appropriate diagnostic ordering, and improvement in overall guideline adherence. PAAF can be a powerful stewardship strategy for promoting consistency in UTI treatment and decreasing unnecessary ABX use.

Disclosures

All Authors: No reported disclosures

1982. A Diagnostic Stewardship Intervention for Clostridioides difficile: Impact of Stool Toxin Testing on Treatment of Adult Inpatients

Background

Testing for Clostridioides difficile infection has been the subject of recent debate. Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America now support the addition of a stool toxin test to a positive nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) as part of a multi-step testing algorithm. In November 2017, the University of Kentucky HealthCare system added stool toxin testing to any specimen positive for C. difficile by NAAT. This change was accompanied by face to face education with provider groups and clinical decision support in the form of interpretive verbiage added to the results that are reported into the electronic record. The objective of this study was to assess whether this diagnostic stewardship intervention made an impact on C. difficile treatment

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of adult patients admitted to UK HealthCare from November 1, 2017 through October 31, 2018 who tested positive by NAAT but negative by stool toxin test to determine whether or not they were treated. We also assessed treatment by service line to see whether there were treatment differences among these groups. A cost analysis was also performed.

Results

A total of 300 adult inpatients were positive for C. difficile by NAAT during the study period with 71% (213 patients) having a negative stool toxin test. Of those, 58% (123) were never started on C. difficile therapy and an additional 14% (30) had their therapy stopped after 48 hours. Only 28% (60) of these patients received a full course of therapy. Hospital medicine had the highest rate of non-treatment at 82%. Conversely, our solid-organ and bone marrow transplant services had the lowest rate of non-treatment at 31%. Overall, this approach was associated with an estimated 1470 oral vancomycin days avoided (5,880 doses) and a cost savings of $6,278.

Conclusion

The addition of stool toxin testing to NAAT combined with education and clinical decision support lead to a dramatic reduction of treatment for NAAT positive but toxin-negative patients. This form of diagnostic stewardship had a significant impact on therapy decisions and can be a powerful antimicrobial stewardship approach to decrease unnecessary treatment of C. difficile colonization.

Disclosures

All authors: No reported disclosures.

149. Short vs. Long Course of Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Gram-Negative Bacteremia

Background

Bloodstream infections (BSI) continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States; thus, the correct choice of antibiotics for an appropriate duration is imperative. However, there are limited recommendations on adequate duration of treatment of bacteremia caused by Gram-negative organisms. Therefore, treating an infection for an adequate duration to prevent complications while preventing adverse effects from unnecessary antibiotic exposure remains a balancing act. This study aims to compare clinical outcomes between patients treated with a short (7–10 days) vs. long (11–20 days) course of antibiotics for uncomplicated gram-negative bacteremia.

Methods

This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated adult patients admitted between January 2007 to October 2018 with a blood culture positive for gram-negative bacteria. Data came from the University of Kentucky Microbiological Laboratory and Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCTS) Data Bank. Patients included must have received appropriate antibiotics for at least 7 days. Appropriate antibiotics were defined as those to which the organism is susceptible with day one of therapy as the first day of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Patients were excluded if they were treated with aminoglycoside monotherapy, had polymicrobial bacteremia, or if treated for longer than 20 days of therapy.

Results

A total of 466 patients were identified (208 in the short-course group and 258 in the long course group). Gender and ethnicity were similar across both groups. The patients in the long course group had more ICU admissions compared with the short-course group (52.7% vs. 43.3%, P = 0.0426), tended to be older (57 ± 16.7 vs. 53 ± 15.9 years, P = 0.0119), had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (5.7 ± 3.6 vs. 4.6 ± 3.6, P = 0.0009) and remained admitted to the hospital longer (23.2 ± 25.6 vs. 15.8 ± 17.5 days, P = 0.0002). However, patients treated with a long course had no difference in 30-day mortality compared with the short-course group (3.9% vs. 3.4%, P = 0.7701).

Conclusion

Patients with an uncomplicated gram-negative BSI treated with a short course (7–10 days) of antibiotics do not appear to have a significant difference in 30-day mortality compared with those patients treated with a long course (11–20 days).

Disclosures

All authors: No reported disclosures.