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Arcos-Pineda JH, del Rio AH, Bamberg JB, Vega-Semorile SE, Palta JP, Salas A, Gomez R, Roca W, Ellis D. An international breeding project using a wild potato relative Solanum commersonii resulted in two new frost-tolerant native potato cultivars for the Andes and the Altiplano. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1358565. [PMID: 38504883 PMCID: PMC10948431 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1358565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
This breeding project, initiated at the United States Potato Genebank (USPG) in collaboration with Peruvian partners Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria (INIA), International Potato Center, Peru (CIP), and local farmers, sought to enhance cold hardiness and frost tolerance in native potato cultivars in Peru. The Andes and Altiplano are often affected by frost, which causes significant reduction in yield; creating varieties with superior resilience is a critical undertaking. The goal was to transfer outstanding non-acclimated cold tolerance and acclimation capacity found in wild potato species Solanum commersonii (cmm). Breeding families segregating for cold hardiness were created using (a) a somatic hybrid cmm + haploid Solanum tuberosum (tbr) (cv. Superior, US variety from Wisconsin) as male and (b) seven cultivars native to Peru of the species S. tuberosum sbsp. andigenum (adg) as females. All plant materials were part of the USPG germplasm collection. Sexual seeds of each family were sent to Peru for evaluations under the natural conditions of the Andean highlands and Altiplano. The plants were assessed for their response to frost, and genotypes showing exceptional tolerance were selected. Plants were also evaluated for good tuber traits and yield. Initial planting involving ~2,500 seedlings in five locations resulted in selecting 58 genotypes with exceptional frost tolerance, good recovery capacity after frost, and good tuber traits. Over the years, evaluations continued and were expanded to replicated field trials in the harsher conditions of the Altiplano (Puno). All trials confirmed consistency of frost tolerance over time and location, tuber quality, and yield. After 8 years, two advanced clones were considered for cultivar release because of their exceptional frost tolerance and superior field productivity that outyielded many of the established cultivars in the region. In November 2018, a new native cultivar named Wiñay, a Quechua word meaning "to grow" was released in Peru. In 2022, a second cultivar followed with the name Llapanchispaq (meaning "for all of us"). This project evidenced that a multinational and all-encompassing approach to deploy valuable genetic diversity can work and deliver effective results. This is even more significant when outcomes can promote food security and sustainability in very vulnerable regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus H. Arcos-Pineda
- Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria (INIA), Estacion Experimental Agricola (EEA) Illpa-CE Salcedo, Puno, Peru
| | - Alfonso H. del Rio
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service, Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI, United States
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - John B. Bamberg
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service, Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI, United States
| | - Sandra E. Vega-Semorile
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jiwan P. Palta
- Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Rene Gomez
- International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru
| | | | - David Ellis
- International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru
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Jenderek MM, Ambruzs BD, Tanner JD, Bamberg JB. High regrowth of potato crop wild relative genotypes after cryogenic storage. Cryobiology 2023:S0011-2240(23)00028-7. [PMID: 36948379 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Potatoes are consumed by millions of people and are the survival food in several countries. Cultivated varieties of potato (Solanum tubersosum L.) are results of selection and crossing of many wild species. Only 8-13% of wild potato species used for food are preserved by either in situ or ex situ methods. The U.S. National Potato Germplasm Collection maintains over 5900 accessions, of which 75% are crop wild relatives (CWR). The objective of the study was to investigate regrowth of cryogenically stored clonal propagules (shoot tips) of selected CWR accessions maintained in the collection. Sixty-nine accessions from 30 Solanum species and six accessions that are not yet assigned to a species were cryopreserved by a droplet vitrification method at the NLGRP. The post cryopreservation regrowth varied from 40 to 100% (average 68%) but was not significantly different between the tested accessions. Regrowth of six accessions tested after 10 years of cryogenic storage was between 35 and 90% (average 66%) and was significantly different from their initial regrowth (average 87%); the largest viability loss was in S. condolleanum; but for the other five accessions the regrowth was between 45 and 90% (average 72%) and suggested at least 10 years of successful storage in LN was possible. Twelve potato wild species cryopreserved in this study were reported in literature as important for developing cultivated varieties for changed weather conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Jenderek
- USDA ARS, National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
| | - Barbara D Ambruzs
- USDA ARS, National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
| | - Justin D Tanner
- USDA ARS, National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
| | - John B Bamberg
- USDA ARS, U.S. Potato Genebank, Sturgeon Bay, WI, 54235, USA
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Bamberg JB, Hanneman RE, Palta JP, Harbage JF. Using disomic 4x(2EBN) potato species' germplasm via bridge species Solanum commersonii. Genome 2012; 37:866-70. [PMID: 18470128 DOI: 10.1139/g94-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum Dunal has many wild related species with desirable traits. Some of these wild tetraploids have disomic chromosome pairing, ready selfing with little inbreeding depression, but have strong crossing barriers with cultivars. They hybridize most easily with 2EBN forms (which include most diploid species). Chromosome doubling to the 8x level, use of 2n gametes, use of 2n gametes of 4x-2x triploid hybrids, and embryo rescue have been proposed to overcome the crossability barrier of these species with S. tuberosum. In this study, 2x S. commersonii (cmm) was used as a bridge species with S. acaule and series Longipedicellata species. Synthetic tetraploid 4x-cmm crossed readily to disomic 4x species, resulting in fertile F1 and F2 hybrids. Some of these had 2n gametes, which enabled direct crossing to tuberosum, resulting in 6x hybrids. The benefits of this scheme are (i) hybrids are relatively fertile, so many progeny may be produced for selection at each step, (ii) hybridization with cmm results in 2n gametes needed for crossing to tuberosum, and breaks up restricted recombination within disomic genomes, and (iii) simple techniques and tools are employed.
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Nzaramba MN, Reddivari L, Bamberg JB, Miller JC. Antiproliferative activity and cytotoxicity of Solanum jamesii tuber extracts on human colon and prostate cancer cells in vitro. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57:8308-8315. [PMID: 19711917 DOI: 10.1021/jf901567k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Some tuber-bearing wild potato species are reportedly higher in potential health-promoting traits, such as antioxidant activity (AOA) and total phenolic content (TP), than commercial cultivars; therefore, they could be used as parental material in breeding for high AOA and TP. However, using wild species might result in progenies that are toxic for human consumption because of the presence of high total glycoalkaloids (TGAs) and other unknown compounds. Therefore, wild potato accessions should be screened for cytotoxicity before their introduction into breeding programs. The objective of this study was to investigate antiproliferative activity and cytotoxicity of tuber extracts from 15 Solanum jamesii accessions on human HT-29 colon and LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines in vitro. Also, correlations among AOA, TP, TGA, and antiproliferative activity were determined. The tuber extracts significantly inhibited proliferation of HT-29 and LNCaP cell lines and were not cytotoxic to the cells compared to the control (DMSO). The antiproliferative activity exhibited by tuber extracts was not due to necrosis, because the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from cells incubated with the extracts was not significantly different from that released from cells incubated without extracts (control). Colon cancer cells were more responsive to tuber extract treatment than prostate cancer cells. In both HT-29 and LNCaP cells, there were no observable significant correlations between antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS) and inhibition of cell proliferation or between TP and cell proliferation inhibition. Also, glycoalkaloids did not exhibit significant correlations with the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Findings of this study show that S. jamesii accessions probably pose no cytotoxic effects when used as parental material in improving the nutritional value of potato cultivars. Correlation results, along with cell proliferation data, suggest that not only the compounds measured in this study but also other bioactive compounds present in the matrix acting additively or synergistically may be more responsible for the antiproliferative effects of potato tuber extracts than higher concentrations of a single or group of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ndambe Nzaramba
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2133, USA
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Kleinhenz MD, Bamberg JB, Palta JP. Use of stomatal index as a marker to screen backcross populations of two wild potato species segregating for freezing tolerance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02855039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bamberg JB. Allelism of endosperm balance number (EBN) in Solanum acaule Bitt. and other wild potato species. Theor Appl Genet 1994; 89:682-686. [PMID: 24178011 DOI: 10.1007/bf00223705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/1994] [Accepted: 05/17/1994] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The inheritance of endosperm balance number (EBN), a genetic, dose-dependent crossability system functioning in tuber-bearing Solanum (potato) species, was investigated for certain wild potato species having an EBN equal to one half of their ploidy. The EBN of Solanum acaule, a disomic 4(2EBN) South American species, was investigated by producing F1 and F2 hybrids with artificial 4x(2EBN) S. commersonii. This allowed assessment of recombination among the two genomes of disomic S. acaule and that of S. commersonii. When crossability of the hybrids with 1EBN, 2EBN and 4EBN standards was tested, no variation for EBN was detected. The apparent lack of recombination and segregation for EBN in these hybrids indicates that the genomes of S. acaule and S. commersonii carry EBN in a genetically-similar way. Combined with previous reports, these data indicate that the inheritance of EBN is similar in widely-separated taxa from South America and Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Bamberg
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Vegetable Crops Research Unit, Potato Introduction Station, NRSP-6, 4312 Hwy 42, 54235, Sturgeon Bay, WI, USA
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Stone JM, Palta JP, Bamberg JB, Weiss LS, Harbage JF. Inheritance of freezing resistance in tuber-bearing Solanum species: evidence for independent genetic control of nonacclimated freezing tolerance and cold acclimation capacity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90:7869-73. [PMID: 11607422 PMCID: PMC47244 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.16.7869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Frost or winter survival is regarded as a complex trait with polygenic inheritance. Two major components of this survival in crop plants are freezing tolerance in the nonacclimated state and cold acclimation capacity. To date researchers have not distinguished the two components as separate heritable traits. The mode of inheritance of these two traits was investigated in F1 and backcross populations of two wild diploid potato species (Solanum commersonii and Solanum cardiophyllum) exhibiting extremes of freezing tolerance and acclimation capacity. Precise assessment of these two traits allowed distinction of small but significant differences among genotypes. The two traits were not correlated in segregating populations, suggesting independent genetic control. Analyses of generation means indicate that all of the variance for acclimation capacity and a major proportion of the variance for the nonacclimated freezing tolerance can be best explained by an additive-dominance model with both traits being partially recessive. Recovery of parental phenotypes in limited populations suggests that both traits are controlled by relatively few genes. To our knowledge this is the first study demonstrating independent genetic control of the two main traits associated with frost or winter survival. Our results show that it should be possible to incorporate these traits from wild germ plasm into cultivated crop plants by independent selection. These results help explain the lack of progress in improving winter survival through field selection. Furthermore, our study demonstrates relative simplicity of the inheritance of cold acclimation, thus providing avenues for understanding the link between biochemical and genetic aspects of low-temperature stress in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Stone
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Bamberg JB, Hanneman RE. Allelism of Endosperm Balance Number (EBN) in Mexican tuber-bearing Solanum species. Theor Appl Genet 1990; 80:161-166. [PMID: 24220889 DOI: 10.1007/bf00224380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/1989] [Accepted: 04/03/1990] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Endosperm Balance Number (EBN) is a genetic, dose-dependent crossability system functioning in tuber-bearing Solanum species. Each species has been assigned 1EBN, 2EBN, or 4EBN. Species thus designated cross only within their EBN group. Doubling of chromosome number also doubles the EBN. The ploidy: EBN ratio is not consistent among Solanum species. Some diploids are 2EBN while others are 1EBN. Some tetraploids are 4EBN while others are 2EBN. Species from Mexico typically have EBNs that are one-half of their ploidy [e.g. 2x(1EBN), 4x(2EBN)]. Hybrids of Mexican species and a South American species, 2x(1EBN) S. Commersonii, and its 4x(2EBN) colchicine derivative were made and crossed to 1, 2, and 4EBN standard testers to determine the relationship of the genetic organization of EBN among and within these species. Diploid hybrids crossed only to 1EBN standard testers. Hybrids of 4x(2EBN) S. commersonii and 4x(2EBN) Mexican species crossed almost exclusively to 2EBN standard testers. Complex tetraploid hybrids involving S. commersonii, S. stenophyllidium (a Mexican diploid), and Mexican tetraploids of series Longipedicellata also crossed only to 2EBN testers. The apparent lack of recombination and segregation for EBN in these hybrids indicates that the genomes of the Mexican diploid and tetraploid species carry EBN in a way genetically similar to that of the South American species S. Commersonii.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Bamberg
- ARS, Inter-Regional Potato Introduction Station, USDA, 54235, Sturgeon Bay, WI, USA
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