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Thibodeau ML, Peters CH, Townsend KN, Shen Y, Hendson G, Adam S, Selby K, Macleod PM, Gershome C, Ruben P, Jones SJM, Friedman JM, Gibson WT, Horvath GA. Compound heterozygous TRPV4 mutations in two siblings with a complex phenotype including severe intellectual disability and neuropathy. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:3087-3092. [PMID: 28898540 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
TRPV4 encodes a polymodal calcium-permeable plasma membrane channel. Dominant pathogenic mutations in TRPV4 lead to a wide spectrum of abnormal phenotypes. This is the first report of biallelic TRPV4 mutations and we describe two compound heterozygous siblings presenting with a complex phenotype including severe neuromuscular involvement. In light of previously well described dominant inheritance for TRPV4-related neuromuscular disease, our study suggests a role for compound heterozygosity and loss-of-function as a potential novel disease mechanism for this group of disorders. Profound intellectual disability was also noted in both affected children, suggesting that TRPV4 may be necessary for normal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Linh Thibodeau
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Colin H Peters
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Glenda Hendson
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Shelin Adam
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kathryn Selby
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Patrick M Macleod
- Victoria General Hospital, Division of Medical Genetics, Victoria, Canada
| | - Cynthia Gershome
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Peter Ruben
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Jan M Friedman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gabriella A Horvath
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Biochemical Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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2
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Bourne SC, Townsend KN, Shyr C, Matthews A, Lear SA, Attariwala R, Lehman A, Wasserman WW, van Karnebeek C, Sinclair G, Vallance H, Gibson WT. Optic atrophy, cataracts, lipodystrophy/lipoatrophy, and peripheral neuropathy caused by a de novo OPA3 mutation. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2017; 3:a001156. [PMID: 28050599 PMCID: PMC5171695 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a001156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a woman who presented with cataracts, optic atrophy, lipodystrophy/lipoatrophy, and peripheral neuropathy. Exome sequencing identified a c.235C > G p.(Leu79Val) variant in the optic atrophy 3 (OPA3) gene that was confirmed to be de novo. This report expands the severity of the phenotypic spectrum of autosomal dominant OPA3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Bourne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Casper Shyr
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Allison Matthews
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Scott A Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Raj Attariwala
- AIM Medical Imaging, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 1C9, Canada
| | - Anna Lehman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wyeth W Wasserman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Clara van Karnebeek
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Graham Sinclair
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Hilary Vallance
- Department of Pathology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
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3
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Leach EL, van Karnebeek CDM, Townsend KN, Tarailo-Graovac M, Hukin J, Gibson WT. Episodic ataxia associated with a de novo SCN2A mutation. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2016; 20:772-6. [PMID: 27328862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Episodic ataxia (EA) is characterized by paroxysmal attacks of ataxia interspersed by asymptomatic periods. Dominant mutations or copy number variants in CACNA1A are a well-known cause of EA. CLINICAL PRESENTATION This boy presented with clinical features of episodic ataxia, and also showed cerebellar atrophy, hypotonia, autism and global developmental delay at age 4 years. Acetazolamide prevented further episodes of ataxia, dystonia and encephalopathy. Extensive biochemical and genetic tests were unrevealing; whole exome sequencing found a previously unreported variant in SCN2A, proven to be de novo and predicted to be protein-damaging. CONCLUSION Considered alongside previous reports of episodic ataxia in SCN2A mutation-positive patients, our case further illustrates the genetic heterogeneity of episodic ataxia. In addition, this case suggests that acetazolamide may be an effective treatment for some aspects of the phenotype in a broader range of channelopathy-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Leach
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Clara D M van Karnebeek
- Division of Biochemical Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maja Tarailo-Graovac
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Juliette Hukin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
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4
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Cohen ASA, Yap DB, Lewis MES, Chijiwa C, Ramos-Arroyo MA, Tkachenko N, Milano V, Fradin M, McKinnon ML, Townsend KN, Xu J, Van Allen MI, Ross CJD, Dobyns WB, Weaver DD, Gibson WT. Weaver Syndrome-Associated EZH2 Protein Variants Show Impaired Histone Methyltransferase Function In Vitro. Hum Mutat 2016; 37:301-7. [PMID: 26694085 PMCID: PMC4832389 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Weaver syndrome (WS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by generalized overgrowth, macrocephaly, specific facial features, accelerated bone age, intellectual disability, and susceptibility to cancers. De novo mutations in the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) have been shown to cause WS. EZH2 is a histone methyltransferase that acts as the catalytic agent of the polycomb‐repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to maintain gene repression via methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). Functional studies investigating histone methyltransferase activity of mutant EZH2 from various cancers have been reported, whereas WS‐associated mutations remain poorly characterized. To investigate the role of EZH2 in WS, we performed functional studies using artificially assembled PRC2 complexes containing mutagenized human EZH2 that reflected the codon changes predicted from patients with WS. We found that WS‐associated amino acid alterations reduce the histone methyltransferase function of EZH2 in this in vitro assay. Our results support the hypothesis that WS is caused by constitutional mutations in EZH2 that alter the histone methyltransferase function of PRC2. However, histone methyltransferase activities of different EZH2 variants do not appear to correlate directly with the phenotypic variability between WS patients and individuals with a common c.553G>C (p.Asp185His) polymorphism in EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S A Cohen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Damian B Yap
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2B5, Canada.,Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - M E Suzanne Lewis
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Chieko Chijiwa
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Maria A Ramos-Arroyo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Natália Tkachenko
- Medical Genetics Service, Medical Genetics Center Dr. Jacinto Magalhães, Porto Hospital Center, EPE, Porto, 4099-001, Portugal
| | - Valentina Milano
- Instituto di Genetica Medica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, 00168, Italy
| | - Mélanie Fradin
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement, CHU Rennes, Rennes, 35203, France
| | - Margaret L McKinnon
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Jieqing Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - M I Van Allen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Colin J D Ross
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Translation Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - William B Dobyns
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, 98101.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195.,Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98105
| | - David D Weaver
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202-5251
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 4H4, Canada
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5
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Schlie K, Westerback A, DeVorkin L, Hughson LR, Brandon JM, MacPherson S, Gadawski I, Townsend KN, Poon VI, Elrick MA, Côté HCF, Abraham N, Wherry EJ, Mizushima N, Lum JJ. Survival of effector CD8+ T cells during influenza infection is dependent on autophagy. J Immunol 2015; 194:4277-86. [PMID: 25833396 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The activation and expansion of effector CD8(+) T cells are essential for controlling viral infections and tumor surveillance. During an immune response, T cells encounter extrinsic and intrinsic factors, including oxidative stress, nutrient availability, and inflammation, that can modulate their capacity to activate, proliferate, and survive. The dependency of T cells on autophagy for in vitro and in vivo activation, expansion, and memory remains unclear. Moreover, the specific signals and mechanisms that activate autophagy in T effector cells and their survival are not known. In this study, we generated a novel inducible autophagy knockout mouse to study T cell effector responses during the course of a virus infection. In response to influenza infection, Atg5(-/-) CD8(+) T cells had a decreased capacity to reach the peak effector response and were unable to maintain cell viability during the effector phase. As a consequence of Atg5 deletion and the impairment in effector-to-memory cell survival, mice fail to mount a memory response following a secondary challenge. We found that Atg5(-/-) effector CD8(+) T cells upregulated p53, a transcriptional state that was concomitant with widespread hypoxia in lymphoid tissues of infected mice. The onset of p53 activation was concurrent with higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that resulted in ROS-dependent apoptotic cell death, a fate that could be rescued by treating with the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine. Collectively, these results demonstrate that effector CD8(+) T cells require autophagy to suppress cell death and maintain survival in response to a viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schlie
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada
| | - Ashley Westerback
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada
| | - Lindsay DeVorkin
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Luke R Hughson
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Jillian M Brandon
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada
| | - Sarah MacPherson
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Izabelle Gadawski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Vincent I Poon
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Mary A Elrick
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
| | - Helene C F Côté
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ninan Abraham
- Department of Zoology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Julian J Lum
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia V8R 6V5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada;
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6
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Neilson D, MacPherson S, Townsend KN, Lum JJ. Tumor vascularity in ovarian cancer: T cells need breathing room. Oncoimmunology 2014; 3:e28272. [PMID: 25050200 PMCID: PMC4063148 DOI: 10.4161/onci.28272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are crucial for effective antitumor responses. However, hypoxia can skew T-cell differentiation and function, thereby perturbing TILs. We have demonstrated that TILs and their immune function are associated with tumor vascularization. These features are prognostic for improved disease-specific survival in ovarian cancer. Thus, new immunotherapies should consider how hypoxia impacts antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Neilson
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre; BC Cancer Agency; Victoria, BC Canada ; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; Victoria, BC Canada
| | - Sarah MacPherson
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre; BC Cancer Agency; Victoria, BC Canada ; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; Victoria, BC Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre; BC Cancer Agency; Victoria, BC Canada ; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; Victoria, BC Canada
| | - Julian J Lum
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre; BC Cancer Agency; Victoria, BC Canada ; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; Victoria, BC Canada
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7
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Cohen ASA, Townsend KN, Xiang QS, Attariwala R, Borchers C, Senger C, Picker W, Levi J, Yewchuk L, Tan J, Eydoux P, Lum A, Yong SL, McKinnon ML, Lear SA, Everett R, Jones SJM, Yip S, Gibson WT. Somatic mosaicism for the p.His1047Arg mutation in PIK3CA in a girl with mesenteric lipomatosis. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2360-4. [PMID: 24903541 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We describe a patient who presented with a localized growth of mature fat tissue, which was surgically removed. MRI imaging identified diffuse increase in visceral adipose tissue. Targeted deep sequencing of the resected tissue uncovered a p.H1047R variant in PIK3CA, which was absent in blood. This report expands the phenotypic spectrum of mosaic PIK3CA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S A Cohen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Child and Family Research Institute, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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8
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Townsend KN, Spowart JE, Huwait H, Eshragh S, West NR, Elrick MA, Kalloger SE, Anglesio M, Watson PH, Huntsman DG, Lum JJ. Markers of T cell infiltration and function associate with favorable outcome in vascularized high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82406. [PMID: 24376535 PMCID: PMC3871161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background When T cells infiltrate the tumor environment they encounter a myriad of metabolic stressors including hypoxia. Overcoming the limitations imposed by an inadequate tumor vasculature that contributes to these stressors may be a crucial step to immune cells mounting an effective anti-tumor response. We sought to determine whether the functional capacity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) could be influenced by the tumor vasculature and correlated this with survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Methodology and Principal Findings In 196 high-grade serous ovarian tumors, we confirmed that the tumor vascularity as measured by the marker CD31 was associated with improved patient disease-specific survival. We also found that tumors positive for markers of TIL (CD8, CD4 and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)) and T cell function (granzyme B and T-cell restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA-1)) correlated significantly with elevated vascularity. In vitro, hypoxic CD8 T cells showed reduced cytolytic activity, secreted less effector cytokines and upregulated autophagy. Survival analysis revealed that patients had a significant improvement in disease-specific survival when FoxP3 expressing cells were present in CD31-high tumors compared to patients with FoxP3 expressing cells in CD31-low tumors [HR: 2.314 (95% CI 1.049–5.106); p = 0.0377]. Patients with high vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressing tumors containing granzyme B positive cells had improved survival compared to patients with granzyme B positive cells in VEGF-low tumors [HR: 2.522 (95% CI 1.097–5.799); p = 0.0294]. Significance Overall, this data provides a rationale for developing strategies aimed at improving the adaptability and function of TIL to hypoxic tumor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelin N. Townsend
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jaeline E. Spowart
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hassan Huwait
- Anatomical Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sima Eshragh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nathan R. West
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mary A. Elrick
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steve E. Kalloger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Anglesio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter H. Watson
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David G. Huntsman
- Centre for the Translational & Applied Genomics, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julian J. Lum
- Trev and Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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9
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Spowart JE, Townsend KN, Huwait H, Eshragh S, West NR, Ries JN, Kalloger S, Anglesio M, Gorski SM, Watson PH, Gilks CB, Huntsman DG, Lum JJ. The autophagy protein LC3A correlates with hypoxia and is a prognostic marker of patient survival in clear cell ovarian cancer. J Pathol 2012; 228:437-47. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeline E Spowart
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency; Victoria BC Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; BC Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Investigating Autophagy Proteins as Molecular Targets for Cancer Treatments; Simon Fraser University; BC Canada
| | - Katelin N Townsend
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency; Victoria BC Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; BC Canada
| | - Hassan Huwait
- Anatomical Pathology; Vancouver General Hospital; BC Canada
| | - Sima Eshragh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; BC Canada
| | - Nathan R West
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency; Victoria BC Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; BC Canada
| | - Jenna N Ries
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency; Victoria BC Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; BC Canada
| | - Steve Kalloger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; BC Canada
| | - Michael Anglesio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; BC Canada
| | - Sharon M Gorski
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Investigating Autophagy Proteins as Molecular Targets for Cancer Treatments; Simon Fraser University; BC Canada
- Genome Sciences Centre; BC Cancer Agency; Vancouver BC Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry; Simon Fraser University; BC Canada
| | - Peter H Watson
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency; Victoria BC Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; BC Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; BC Canada
| | - C Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; BC Canada
| | - David G Huntsman
- Centre for Translational and Applied Genomics, BC Cancer Agency; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Julian J Lum
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer Agency; Victoria BC Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology; University of Victoria; BC Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research Team in Investigating Autophagy Proteins as Molecular Targets for Cancer Treatments; Simon Fraser University; BC Canada
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