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Balogh P, Adelman ER, Pluvinage JV, Capaldo BJ, Freeman KC, Singh S, Elagib KE, Nakamura Y, Kurita R, Sashida G, Zunder ER, Li H, Gru AA, Price EA, Schrier SL, Weissman IL, Figueroa ME, Pang WW, Goldfarb AN. RUNX3 levels in human hematopoietic progenitors are regulated by aging and dictate erythroid-myeloid balance. Haematologica 2020; 105:905-913. [PMID: 31171641 PMCID: PMC7109730 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.208918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy bone marrow progenitors yield a co-ordinated balance of hematopoietic lineages. This balance shifts with aging toward enhanced granulopoiesis with diminished erythropoiesis and lymphopoiesis, changes which likely contribute to the development of bone marrow disorders in the elderly. In this study, RUNX3 was identified as a hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell factor whose levels decline with aging in humans and mice. This decline is exaggerated in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from subjects diagnosed with unexplained anemia of the elderly. Hematopoietic stem cells from elderly unexplained anemia patients had diminished erythroid but unaffected granulocytic colony forming potential. Knockdown studies revealed human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to be strongly influenced by RUNX3 levels, with modest deficiencies abrogating erythroid differentiation at multiple steps while retaining capacity for granulopoiesis. Transcriptome profiling indicated control by RUNX3 of key erythroid transcription factors, including KLF1 and GATA1 These findings thus implicate RUNX3 as a participant in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell aging, and a key determinant of erythroid-myeloid lineage balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Balogh
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Emmalee R Adelman
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - John V Pluvinage
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brian J Capaldo
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Katie C Freeman
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Kamaleldin E Elagib
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Research and Development Department, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Goro Sashida
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis IRCMS, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eli R Zunder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Alejandro A Gru
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Price
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stanley L Schrier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Maria E Figueroa
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Health System, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Wendy W Pang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Adam N Goldfarb
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA
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Alcock C, Allsman RA, Alves DR, Axelrod TS, Becker AC, Bennett DP, Cook KH, Drake AJ, Freeman KC, Geha M, Griest K, Keller SC, Lehner MJ, Marshall SL, Minniti D, Nelson CA, Peterson BA, Popowski P, Pratt MR, Quinn PJ, Stubbs CW, Sutherland W, Tomaney AB, Vandehei T, Welch D. Direct detection of a microlens in the Milky Way. Nature 2001; 414:617-9. [PMID: 11740553 DOI: 10.1038/414617a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The nature of dark matter remains mysterious, with luminous material accounting for at most approximately 25 per cent of the baryons in the Universe. We accordingly undertook a survey looking for the microlensing of stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) to determine the fraction of Galactic dark matter contained in massive compact halo objects (MACHOs). The presence of the dark matter would be revealed by gravitational lensing of the light from an LMC star as the foreground dark matter moves across the line of sight. The duration of the lensing event is the key observable parameter, but gives non-unique solutions when attempting to estimate the mass, distance and transverse velocity of the lens. The survey results to date indicate that between 8 and 50 per cent of the baryonic mass of the Galactic halo is in the form of MACHOs (ref. 3), but removing the degeneracy by identifying a lensing object would tighten the constraints on the mass in MACHOs. Here we report a direct image of a microlens, revealing it to be a nearby low-mass star in the disk of the Milky Way. This is consistent with the expected frequency of nearby stars acting as lenses, and demonstrates a direct determination of a lens mass from a microlensing event. Complete solutions such as this for halo microlensing events will probe directly the nature of the MACHOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Alcock
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Alcock C, Allsman RA, Axelrod TS, Bennett DP, Cook KH, Freeman KC, Griest K, Guern JA, Lehner MJ, Marshall SL, Park H, Perlmutter S, Peterson BA, Pratt MR, Quinn PJ, Rodgers AW, Stubbs CW, Sutherland W. Experimental limits on the dark matter halo of the galaxy from gravitational microlensing. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 74:2867-2871. [PMID: 10058046 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.2867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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