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Pagot G, Di Noto V, Vezzù K, Barbiellini B, Toso V, Caruso A, Zheng M, Li X, Ferragut R. Quantum view of Li-ion high mobility at carbon-coated cathode interfaces. iScience 2022; 26:105794. [PMID: 36594017 PMCID: PMC9803833 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are among the most promising power sources for electric vehicles, portable electronics and smart grids. In LIBs, the cathode is a major bottleneck, with a particular reference to its low electrical conductivity and Li-ion diffusivity. The coating with carbon layers is generally employed to enhance the electrical conductivity and to protect the active material from degradation during operation. Here, we demonstrate that this layer has a primary role in the lithium diffusivity into the cathode nanoparticles. Positron is a useful quantum probe at the electroactive materials/carbon interface to sense the mobility of Li-ion. Broadband electrical spectroscopy demonstrates that only a small number of Li-ions are moving, and that their diffusion strongly depends on the type of carbon additive. Positron annihilation and broadband electrical spectroscopies are crucial complementary tools to investigate the electronic effect of the carbon phase on the cathode performance and Li-ion dynamics in electroactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Pagot
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy,Corresponding author
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy,Corresponding author
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Bernardo Barbiellini
- Physics Department, School of Engineering Science, LUT-University, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland,Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Valerio Toso
- L-NESS and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, 22100 Como, Italy,INFN Milan Unit, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Caruso
- L-NESS and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Meiying Zheng
- Physics Department, School of Engineering Science, LUT-University, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland,L-NESS and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Xin Li
- Physics Department, School of Engineering Science, LUT-University, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland,L-NESS and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Rafael Ferragut
- L-NESS and Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Via Anzani 42, 22100 Como, Italy,INFN Milan Unit, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy,Corresponding author
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Di Noto V, Negro E, Patil B, Lorandi F, Boudjelida S, Bang YH, Vezzù K, Pagot G, Crociani L, Nale A. Hierarchical Metal–[Carbon Nitride Shell/Carbon Core] Electrocatalysts: A Promising New General Approach to Tackle the ORR Bottleneck in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells. ACS Catal 2022; 12:12291-12301. [PMID: 36249870 PMCID: PMC9552968 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giusti, 9, I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Enrico Negro
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Bhushan Patil
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Soufiane Boudjelida
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Yannick H. Bang
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giusti, 9, I-50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Gioele Pagot
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Crociani
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia, Corso Stati Uniti 4, I-35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Angeloclaudio Nale
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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Vezzù K, García-González E, Pagot G, Urones-Garrote E, Sotomayor ME, Varez A, Di Noto V. Effect of Relaxations on the Conductivity of La 1/2+1/2x Li 1/2-1/2x Ti 1-x Al x O 3 Fast Ion Conductors. Chem Mater 2022; 34:5484-5499. [PMID: 35782208 PMCID: PMC9245440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite-type solid-state electrolytes, Li3x La2/3-x TiO3 (LLTO), are considered among the most promising candidates for the development of all-solid-state batteries based on lithium metal. Their high bulk ionic conductivity can be modulated by substituting part of the atoms hosted in the A- or B-site of the LLTO structure. In this work, we investigate the crystal structure and the long-range charge migration processes characterizing a family of perovskites with the general formula La1/2+1/2x Li1/2-1/2x Ti1-x Al x O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6), in which the charge balance and the nominal A-site vacancies (n A = 0) are preserved. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations reveal the presence of a very complex nanostructure constituted by a mixture of two different ordered nanoregions of tetragonal P4/mmm and rhombohedral R3̅c symmetries. Broadband electrical spectroscopy studies confirm the presence of different crystalline domains and demonstrate that the structural fluctuations of the BO6 octahedra require to be intra- and intercell coupled, to enable the long-range diffusion of the lithium cation, in a similar way to the segmental mode that takes place in polymer-ion conductors. These hypotheses are corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keti Vezzù
- Section
of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial
Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Ester García-González
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Gioele Pagot
- Section
of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial
Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- Centro
Studi di Economia e Tecnica dell’Energia Giorgio Levi Cases, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Esteban Urones-Garrote
- Centro
Nacional de Microscopia electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Maria Eugenia Sotomayor
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University
Carlos III of Madrid, Av. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, Madrid E-28911, Spain
| | - Alejandro Varez
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University
Carlos III of Madrid, Av. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, Madrid E-28911, Spain
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section
of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech), Department of Industrial
Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- Centro
Studi di Economia e Tecnica dell’Energia Giorgio Levi Cases, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
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Alvi AR, Vezzù K, Pagot G, Sgarbossa P, Pace G, Di Noto V. Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Anion Conducting Membranes Based on Ammonium‐Functionalized Polyethylene Pyrrole‐Polyethylene Ketone Copolymer. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202270017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Alvi AR, Vezzù K, Pagot G, Sgarbossa P, Pace G, Di Noto V. Inorganic‐Organic Hybrid Anion Conducting Membranes Based on Ammonium‐Functionalized Polyethylene Pyrrole‐Polyethylene Ketone Copolymer. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afaaf Rahat Alvi
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova via Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova via Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Gioele Pagot
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova via Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova via Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pace
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy National Research Council via Marzolo 1 Padova 35131 Italy
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova via Marzolo 9 Padova 35131 Italy
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Kostuch A, Rutkowska IA, Dembinska B, Wadas A, Negro E, Vezzù K, Di Noto V, Kulesza PJ. Enhancement of Activity and Development of Low Pt Content Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acid Media. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175147. [PMID: 34500578 PMCID: PMC8434571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum is a main catalyst for the electroreduction of oxygen, a reaction of primary importance to the technology of low-temperature fuel cells. Due to the high cost of platinum, there is a need to significantly lower its loadings at interfaces. However, then O2-reduction often proceeds at a less positive potential, and produces higher amounts of undesirable H2O2-intermediate. Hybrid supports, which utilize metal oxides (e.g., CeO2, WO3, Ta2O5, Nb2O5, and ZrO2), stabilize Pt and carbon nanostructures and diminish their corrosion while exhibiting high activity toward the four-electron (most efficient) reduction in oxygen. Porosity of carbon supports facilitates dispersion and stability of Pt nanoparticles. Alternatively, the Pt-based bi- and multi-metallic catalysts, including PtM alloys or M-core/Pt-shell nanostructures, where M stands for certain transition metals (e.g., Au, Co, Cu, Ni, and Fe), can be considered. The catalytic efficiency depends on geometric (decrease in Pt-Pt bond distances) and electronic (increase in d-electron vacancy in Pt) factors, in addition to possible metal-support interactions and interfacial structural changes affecting adsorption and activation of O2-molecules. Despite the stabilization of carbons, doping with heteroatoms, such as sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, and boron results in the formation of catalytically active centers. Thus, the useful catalysts are likely to be multi-component and multi-functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldona Kostuch
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.A.R.); (B.D.); (A.W.)
| | - Iwona A. Rutkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.A.R.); (B.D.); (A.W.)
| | - Beata Dembinska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.A.R.); (B.D.); (A.W.)
| | - Anna Wadas
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.A.R.); (B.D.); (A.W.)
| | - Enrico Negro
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.N.); (K.V.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.N.); (K.V.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy; (E.N.); (K.V.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Pawel J. Kulesza
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (I.A.R.); (B.D.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-2255-26-344
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Pagot G, Vezzù K, Martinez‐Cisneros CS, Antonelli C, Levenfeld B, Varez A, Sanchez J, Di Noto V. Interplay between Conductivity, Matrix Relaxations and Composition of Ca‐Polyoxyethylene Polymer Electrolytes. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Pagot
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies (ChemTech) Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Via Marzolo 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies (ChemTech) Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Via Marzolo 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Cynthia Susana Martinez‐Cisneros
- Materials Science and Engineering Department University Carlos III of Madrid Av. de la Universidad 30 28911 Leganés, Madrid Spain
| | - Claire Antonelli
- Institut Européen des membranes (IEM) Université de Montpellier ENSCM CNRS Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Belen Levenfeld
- Materials Science and Engineering Department University Carlos III of Madrid Av. de la Universidad 30 28911 Leganés, Madrid Spain
| | - Alejandro Varez
- Materials Science and Engineering Department University Carlos III of Madrid Av. de la Universidad 30 28911 Leganés, Madrid Spain
| | - Jean‐Yves Sanchez
- Materials Science and Engineering Department University Carlos III of Madrid Av. de la Universidad 30 28911 Leganés, Madrid Spain
- University Grenoble Alpes LEPMI 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies (ChemTech) Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padova Via Marzolo 9 35131 Padova Italy
- Materials Science and Engineering Department University Carlos III of Madrid Av. de la Universidad 30 28911 Leganés, Madrid Spain
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Sun C, Negro E, Nale A, Pagot G, Vezzù K, Zawodzinski TA, Meda L, Gambaro C, Di Noto V. An efficient barrier toward vanadium crossover in redox flow batteries: The bilayer [Nafion/(WO3)x] hybrid inorganic-organic membrane. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pettenuzzo A, Vezzù K, Di Paolo ML, Fotopoulou E, Marchiò L, Via LD, Ronconi L. Design, physico-chemical characterization and in vitro biological activity of organogold(III) glycoconjugates. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8963-8979. [PMID: 34110336 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01100f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To develop new metal-based glycoconjugates as potential anticancer agents, four organometallic gold(iii)-dithiocarbamato glycoconjugates of the type [AuIII(2-Bnpy)(SSC-Inp-GlcN)](PF6) (2-Bnpy: 2-benzylpyridine; Inp: isonipecotic moiety; GlcN: amino-glucose scaffold; Au3-Au6) and the corresponding model non-glycosylated counterparts [AuIII(2-Bnpy)(SSC-Inp-R)](PF6) (R: OEt (Au1), NH2 (Au2)) have been generated and characterized by means of several analytical techniques (elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H-/13C-NMR, ESI-MS, UV-Vis, X-ray crystallography). Their stability under physiologically-relevant conditions (PBS solution) and n-octanol/PBS distribution coefficient (D7.4) have also been evaluated. Gold(iii) glycoconjugates showed an antiproliferative effect against ovarian carcinoma A2780 cells, with GI50 values in the low micromolar range. Remarkably, their cell growth inhibitory effect increases upon the addition of a glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) inhibitor, thus ruling out the involvement of GLUT1 in their transport inside the cell. Additional mechanistic studies have been carried out in A2780 cells, supporting the hypothesis of a facilitated diffusion mechanism (possibly mediated by glucose transporters other than GLUT1), and revealing their capability to act as topoisomerase I and II inhibitors and to disrupt mitochondrial membrane integrity, leading to the generation of ROS, thus resulting in the promotion of oxidative stress and, eventually, cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pettenuzzo
- National University of Ireland Galway, School of Chemistry, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Co. Galway, Ireland.
| | - Keti Vezzù
- University of Padova, Department of Industrial Engineering, Via F. Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Di Paolo
- University of Padova, Department of Molecular Medicine, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Eirini Fotopoulou
- National University of Ireland Galway, School of Chemistry, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Co. Galway, Ireland.
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Lisa Dalla Via
- University of Padova, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Luca Ronconi
- National University of Ireland Galway, School of Chemistry, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Co. Galway, Ireland.
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Zoladek S, Blicharska-Sobolewska M, Krata AA, Rutkowska IA, Wadas A, Miecznikowski K, Negro E, Vezzù K, Di Noto V, Kulesza PJ. Heteropolytungstate-assisted fabrication and deposition of catalytic silver nanoparticles on different reduced graphene oxide supports: Electroreduction of oxygen in alkaline electrolyte. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Martinez-Cisneros C, Fernandez A, Antonelli C, Levenfeld B, Varez A, Vezzù K, Di Noto V, Sanchez JY. Opening the door to liquid-free polymer electrolytes for calcium batteries. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kobayashi K, Pagot G, Vezzù K, Bertasi F, Di Noto V, Tominaga Y. Effect of plasticizer on the ion-conductive and dielectric behavior of poly(ethylene carbonate)-based Li electrolytes. Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-020-00397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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13
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Vezzù K, Nawn G, Negro E, Crivellaro G, Park JW, Wycisk R, Pintauro PN, Di Noto V. Electric Response and Conductivity Mechanism of Blended Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Nafion Electrospun Nanofibers. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:801-814. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (Pd), Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (Pd), Italy
| | - Graeme Nawn
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (Pd), Italy
| | - Enrico Negro
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (Pd), Italy
| | - Giovanni Crivellaro
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (Pd), Italy
| | - Jun Woo Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Ryszard Wycisk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Peter N. Pintauro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (Pd), Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova (Pd), Italy
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Bertasi F, Pagot G, Vezzù K, Nale A, Pace G, Herve Bang Y, Crivellaro G, Negro E, Di Noto V. Lithiated Nanoparticles Doped with Ionic Liquids as Quasi-Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sun C, Negro E, Vezzù K, Pagot G, Cavinato G, Nale A, Herve Bang Y, Di Noto V. Hybrid inorganic-organic proton-conducting membranes based on SPEEK doped with WO3 nanoparticles for application in vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nawn G, Vezzù K, Negro E, Pace G, Park JW, Wycisk R, Cavinato G, Pintauro PN, Di Noto V. Structural analyses of blended Nafion/PVDF electrospun nanofibers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10357-10369. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01891c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A new type of polymer blend, prepared by electrospinning nanofibers containing the immiscible polymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, 10 wt%) and Nafion® perfluorosulfonic acid (90 wt%), has been characterized experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Nawn
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech)
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - K. Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech)
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - E. Negro
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech)
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - G. Pace
- CNR-ICMATE
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - J. W. Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
| | - R. Wycisk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
| | - G. Cavinato
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - P. N. Pintauro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
| | - V. Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for the Technology (ChemTech)
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
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17
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Negro E, Nale A, Vezzù K, Pagot G, Polizzi S, Bertoncello R, Ansaldo A, Prato M, Bonaccorso F, Rutkowska IA, Kulesza PJ, Di Noto V. Hierarchical oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts based on FeSn0.5 species embedded in carbon nitride-graphene based supports. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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18
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Negro E, Nale A, Vezzù K, Pagot G, Herve Bang Y, Polizzi S, Colombo M, Prato M, Crociani L, Bonaccorso F, Di Noto V. (Co, Ni)Sn0.5
Nanoparticles Supported on Hierarchical Carbon Nitride-Graphene-Based Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Negro
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 I-35131 Padova (PD) Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali; Italy
| | - Angeloclaudio Nale
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 I-35131 Padova (PD) Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 I-35131 Padova (PD) Italy
| | - Gioele Pagot
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 I-35131 Padova (PD) Italy
- Centro Studi di Economia e Tecnica dell'Energia „Giorgio Levi Cases”; Via Marzolo 9 I-35131 Padova (PD) Italy
| | - Yannick Herve Bang
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 I-35131 Padova (PD) Italy
| | - Stefano Polizzi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Centre for Electron Microscopy „ G. Stevanato”; Università Ca' Foscari Venezia; Via Torino 155/B 30172 Venezia-Mestre Italy
| | - Massimo Colombo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Materials Characterization Facility; Via Morego 30 16163 Genova Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Materials Characterization Facility; Via Morego 30 16163 Genova Italy
| | - Laura Crociani
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia; Padova Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Graphene Labs; Via Morego 30 16163 Genova Italy
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for Technologies Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 I-35131 Padova (PD) Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali; Italy
- present address: Material Science and Engineering Department; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Escuela Politécnica Superior; Av.de la Universidad, 30 28911 Leganes Spain
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19
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Bertasi F, Giffin GA, Vezzù K, Pace G, Abu-Lebdeh Y, Armand M, Di Noto V. A lipophilic ionic liquid based on formamidinium cations and TFSI: the electric response and the effect of CO 2 on the conductivity mechanism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:26230-26239. [PMID: 28932830 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02304a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the preparation of the new lipophilic ionic liquid tetraoctyl-formamidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (TOFATFSI), which is miscible with lower alkanes. In particular, this work focuses on the electric behaviour of TOFATFSI in the particularly challenging highly apolar environment of supercritical CO2. The conductivity and relaxation phenomena are revealed through the analysis of the broadband electric spectra with a particular emphasis on the effect of temperature and CO2 uptake on the IL conductivity. It is found that temperature boosts the conductivity via an increase in the charge carrier mobility. Also, CO2 absorption affects both the conductivity and the permittivity of the material due to the presence of CO2-IL interactions that modulate the nanostructure and the size of the TOFATFSI aggregates, which increases both the mobility and the density of the charge carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bertasi
- Section of "Chemistry for Technology" (ChemTech), Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1 in the Department of Chemical Sciences, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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20
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Vezzù K, Maes AM, Bertasi F, Motz AR, Tsai TH, Coughlin EB, Herring AM, Di Noto V. Interplay Between Hydroxyl Density and Relaxations in Poly(vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium)-b-poly(methylbutylene) Membranes for Electrochemical Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1372-1384. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry
for Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, in Department of Chemical Sciences, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ashley M. Maes
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401-1887, United States
| | - Federico Bertasi
- Section of Chemistry
for Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, in Department of Chemical Sciences, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre Giorgio Levi Cases for Energy Economics and Technology, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrew R. Motz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401-1887, United States
| | - Tsung-Han Tsai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - E. Bryan Coughlin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Andrew M. Herring
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401-1887, United States
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry
for Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, in Department of Chemical Sciences, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre Giorgio Levi Cases for Energy Economics and Technology, Via Marzolo 9, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Material Science and Engineering Department, University of Carlo III, Avenida De la Universidad, 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Ataollahi N, Girardi F, Cappelletto E, Vezzù K, Di Noto V, Scardi P, Callone E, Di Maggio R. Chemical modification and structural rearrangements of polyketone-based polymer membrane. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Ataollahi
- Department of Civil; Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento; Via Mesiano 77 38123 Trento Italy
| | - Fabrizio Girardi
- Department of Civil; Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento; Via Mesiano 77 38123 Trento Italy
| | - Elisa Cappelletto
- Department of Civil; Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento; Via Mesiano 77 38123 Trento Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for Technology; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for Technology; Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova; Via Marzolo 9 35131 Padova Italy
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy (CNR-ICMATE); Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Paolo Scardi
- Department of Civil; Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento; Via Mesiano 77 38123 Trento Italy
| | - Emanuela Callone
- Department of Industrial Engineering and “Klaus Mueller” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory; University of Trento; Via Sommarive 9 38123 Trento Italy
| | - Rosa Di Maggio
- Department of Civil; Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento; Via Mesiano 77 38123 Trento Italy
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22
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Ataollahi N, Vezzù K, Nawn G, Pace G, Cavinato G, Girardi F, Scardi P, Di Noto V, Di Maggio R. A Polyketone-based Anion Exchange Membrane for Electrochemical Applications: Synthesis and Characterization. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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23
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Nawn G, Vezzù K, Bertasi F, Pagot G, Pace G, Conti F, Negro E, Di Noto V. Electric Response and Conductivity Mechanism in H3PO4‑Doped Polybenzimidazole-4N−HfO2 Nanocomposite Membranes for High Temperature Fuel Cells. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Diodati S, Negro E, Vezzù K, Di Noto V, Gross S. Oxygen reduction reaction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterisation of carbon nitride-supported bimetallic electrocatalysts. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Tsurumaki A, Bertasi F, Vezzù K, Negro E, Di Noto V, Ohno H. Dielectric relaxations of polyether-based polyurethanes containing ionic liquids as antistatic agents. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:2369-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04090f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric properties of polyurethanes containing poly(propylene oxide) (PO) and poly(ethylene oxide) (EO) units are discussed, along with the results of direct current (DC) measurements and broadband electrical spectroscopy (BES) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Tsurumaki
- Global Innovation Research Organization
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
- Department of Biotechnology
| | - Federico Bertasi
- Section of Chemistry for Technology
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padua
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Section of Chemistry for Technology
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padua
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - Enrico Negro
- Section of Chemistry for Technology
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padua
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Section of Chemistry for Technology
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Padua
- I-35131 Padova (PD)
- Italy
| | - Hiroyuki Ohno
- Global Innovation Research Organization
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
- Department of Biotechnology
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26
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Bertasi F, Hettige C, Sepehr F, Bogle X, Pagot G, Vezzù K, Negro E, Paddison SJ, Greenbaum SG, Vittadello M, Di Noto V. A Key concept in Magnesium Secondary Battery Electrolytes. ChemSusChem 2015; 8:3069-3076. [PMID: 26333149 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A critical roadblock toward practical Mg-based energy storage technologies is the lack of reversible electrolytes that are safe and electrochemically stable. Here, we report on high-performance electrolytes based on 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMImCl) doped with AlCl3 and highly amorphous δ-MgCl2 . The phase diagram of the electrolytes reveals the presence of four thermal transitions that strongly depend on salt content. High-level density functional theory (DFT)-based electronic structure calculations substantiate the structural and vibrational assignment of the coordination complexes. A 3D chloride-concatenated dynamic network model accounts for the outstanding redox behaviour and the electric and magnetic properties, providing insight into the conduction mechanism of the electrolytes. Mg anode cells assembled using the electrolytes were cyclically discharged at a high rate (35 mA g(-1) ), exhibiting an initial capacity of 80 mA h g(-1) and a steady-state voltage of 2.3 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bertasi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua (Italy)
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Section of Chemistry for Technology, University of Padua, Via Gradenigo 6/a, 35131 Padua (Italy)
| | - Chaminda Hettige
- Energy Nanotechnology and Materials Chemistry Lab, Medgar Evers College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 1638 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225 (USA)
| | - Fatemeh Sepehr
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 419 Dougherty Engineering Bldg. Knoxville, TN 37996-2200 (USA)
| | - Xavier Bogle
- Department of Physics, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021 (USA)
| | - Gioele Pagot
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua (Italy)
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Section of Chemistry for Technology, University of Padua, Via Gradenigo 6/a, 35131 Padua (Italy)
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Section of Chemistry for Technology, University of Padua, Via Gradenigo 6/a, 35131 Padua (Italy)
- Veneto Nanotech S.C.p.a., Via San Crispino 106, I-35129 Padua (Italy)
| | - Enrico Negro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua (Italy)
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Section of Chemistry for Technology, University of Padua, Via Gradenigo 6/a, 35131 Padua (Italy)
| | - Stephen J Paddison
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 419 Dougherty Engineering Bldg. Knoxville, TN 37996-2200 (USA)
| | - Steve G Greenbaum
- Department of Physics, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10021 (USA)
| | - Michele Vittadello
- Energy Nanotechnology and Materials Chemistry Lab, Medgar Evers College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 1638 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225 (USA)
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua (Italy).
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Section of Chemistry for Technology, University of Padua, Via Gradenigo 6/a, 35131 Padua (Italy).
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27
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Pandey TP, Maes AM, Sarode HN, Peters BD, Lavina S, Vezzù K, Yang Y, Poynton SD, Varcoe JR, Seifert S, Liberatore MW, Di Noto V, Herring AM. Interplay between water uptake, ion interactions, and conductivity in an e-beam grafted poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) anion exchange membrane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:4367-78. [PMID: 25578464 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05755d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the true hydroxide conductivity in an e-beam grafted poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) [ETFE] anion exchange membrane (AEM) is as high as 132 mS cm(-1) at 80 °C and 95% RH, comparable to a proton exchange membrane, but with very much less water present in the film. To understand this behaviour we studied ion transport of hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate and chloride, as well as water uptake and distribution. Water uptake of the AEM in water vapor is an order of magnitude lower than when submerged in liquid water. In addition (19)F pulse field gradient spin echo NMR indicates that there is little tortuosity in the ionic pathways through the film. A complete analysis of the IR spectrum of the AEM and the analyses of water absorption using FT-IR led to conclusion that the fluorinated backbone chains do not interact with water and that two types of water domains exist within the membrane. The reduction in conductivity was measured during exposure of the OH(-) form of the AEM to air at 95% RH and was seen to be much slower than the reaction of CO2 with OH(-) as the amount of water in the film determines its ionic conductivity and at relative wet RHs its re-organization is slow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara P Pandey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
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28
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Nawn G, Pace G, Lavina S, Vezzù K, Negro E, Bertasi F, Polizzi S, Di Noto V. Nanocomposite membranes based on polybenzimidazole and ZrO2 for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. ChemSusChem 2015; 8:1381-1393. [PMID: 25801848 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the numerous benefits obtained when operating proton exchange membrane fuel cells at elevated temperature (>100 °C), the development of thermally stable proton exchange membranes that demonstrate conductivity under anhydrous conditions remains a significant goal for fuel cell technology. This paper presents composite membranes consisting of poly[2,2'-(m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole] (PBI4N) impregnated with a ZrO2 nanofiller of varying content (ranging from 0 to 22 wt %). The structure-property relationships of the acid-doped and undoped composite membranes have been studied using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, wide-angle X-ray scattering, infrared spectroscopy, and broadband electrical spectroscopy. Results indicate that the level of nanofiller has a significant effect on the membrane properties. From 0 to 8 wt %, the acid uptake as well as the thermal and mechanical properties of the membrane increase. As the nanofiller level is increased from 8 to 22 wt % the opposite effect is observed. At 185 °C, the ionic conductivity of [PBI4N(ZrO2 )0.231 ](H3 PO4 )13 is found to be 1.04×10(-1) S cm(-1) . This renders membranes of this type promising candidates for use in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Nawn
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universitá degli student di Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova (Italy)
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29
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Noto VD, Giffin GA, Vezzù K, Nawn G, Bertasi F, Tsai TH, Maes AM, Seifert S, Coughlin EB, Herring AM. Interplay between solid state transitions, conductivity mechanisms, and electrical relaxations in a [PVBTMA] [Br]-b-PMB diblock copolymer membrane for electrochemical applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:31125-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05545h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new disorder–order transition, associated with the reordering of side chains, is found to occur in the [PVBTMA][Br]-b-PMB AEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Di Noto
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- Section of Chemistry for Technology and Energy & Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Guinevere A. Giffin
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU)
- Electrochemistry I
- Helmholtzstrasse 11
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany & Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- Section of Chemistry for Technology and Energy & Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Graeme Nawn
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- Section of Chemistry for Technology and Energy & Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Federico Bertasi
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- Section of Chemistry for Technology and Energy & Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- I-35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Tsung-han Tsai
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Ashley M. Maes
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Colorado School of Mines
- Golden
- USA
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X-Ray Sciences
- Advanced Photon Source
- Argonne National Laboratory
- USA
| | - E. Bryan Coughlin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Massachusetts Amherst
- Amherst
- USA
| | - Andrew M. Herring
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Colorado School of Mines
- Golden
- USA
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30
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Nawn G, Pace G, Lavina S, Vezzù K, Negro E, Bertasi F, Polizzi S, Di Noto V. Interplay between Composition, Structure, and Properties of New H3PO4-Doped PBI4N–HfO2 Nanocomposite Membranes for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5018956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Nawn
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pace
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- CNR-IENI, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Sandra Lavina
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario
Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnolgia dei Materiali, INSTM, Florence, Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Veneto Nanotech
S.C.p.a., Via San Crispino, 106, I-35129, Padova (PD), Italy
| | - Enrico Negro
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario
Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnolgia dei Materiali, INSTM, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Bertasi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- CNR-IENI, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario
Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnolgia dei Materiali, INSTM, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Polizzi
- Consorzio Interuniversitario
Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnolgia dei Materiali, INSTM, Florence, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università di Venezia, Calle Larga S. Marta, Dorsoduro
2137, I-30123 Venezia (VE), Italy
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova (PD), Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario
Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnolgia dei Materiali, INSTM, Florence, Italy
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31
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Negro E, Vezzù K, Bertasi F, Schiavuta P, Toniolo L, Polizzi S, Di Noto V. Interplay between Nitrogen Concentration, Structure, Morphology, and Electrochemical Performance of PdCoNi “Core-Shell” Carbon Nitride Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Piccolo M, Giffin GA, Vezzù K, Bertasi F, Alotto P, Guarnieri M, Di Noto V. Molecular relaxations in magnesium polymer electrolytes via GHz broadband electrical spectroscopy. ChemSusChem 2013; 6:2157-2160. [PMID: 24106158 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
GHz broadband electrical spectroscopy (G-BES) is adopted to investigate the molecular relaxations and interactions occurring within the system in an oxygen- and water-free atmosphere in the 300 kHz-20 GHz and -40 to 250 °C frequency and temperature ranges, respectively. A new electrolyte for magnesium secondary batteries that can transfer magnesium ions efficiently is presented. This electrolyte is based on polyethylene glycol 400 and a polymeric form of δ-MgCl2 . The information obtained by G-BES is crucial for studying the conduction mechanism of these new electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Piccolo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitàdegli Studi di Padova, Via Gradenigo 6 A, 35131 Padova (Italy)
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Kitajima S, Bertasi F, Vezzù K, Negro E, Tominaga Y, Di Noto V. Dielectric relaxations and conduction mechanisms in polyether–clay composite polymer electrolytes under high carbon dioxide pressure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:16626-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51745d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Di Noto V, Piga M, Giffin GA, Vezzù K, Zawodzinski TA. Interplay between Mechanical, Electrical, and Thermal Relaxations in Nanocomposite Proton Conducting Membranes Based on Nafion and a [(ZrO2)·(Ta2O5)0.119] Core–Shell Nanofiller. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:19099-107. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3071336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Di Noto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131, Padova
(PD), Italy
| | - Matteo Piga
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131, Padova
(PD), Italy
| | - Guinevere A. Giffin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131, Padova
(PD), Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131, Padova
(PD), Italy
| | - Thomas A. Zawodzinski
- Department
of Chemical and
Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, 442 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2200,
United States
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Di Noto V, Piga M, Giffin GA, Negro E, Furlan C, Vezzù K. New nanocomposite hybrid inorganic-organic proton-conducting membranes based on functionalized silica and PTFE. ChemSusChem 2012; 5:1758-1766. [PMID: 22807005 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two types of new nanocomposite proton-exchange membranes, consisting of functionalized and pristine nanoparticles of silica and silicone rubber (SR) embedded in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) matrix, were prepared. The membrane precursor was obtained from a mechanical rolling process, and the SiO₂ nanoparticles were functionalized by soaking the membranes in a solution of 2-(4-chlorosulfonylphenyl)ethyl trichlorosilane (CSPhEtCS). The membranes exhibit a highly compact morphology and a lack of fibrous PTFE. At 125 °C, the membrane containing the functionalized nanoparticles has an elastic modulus (2.2 MPa) that is higher than that of pristine Nafion (1.28 MPa) and a conductivity of 3.6×10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ despite a low proton-exchange capacity (0.11 meq g⁻¹). The good thermal and mechanical stability and conductivity at T>100 °C make these membranes a promising low-cost material for application in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells operating at temperatures higher than 100 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Di Noto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
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Di Noto V, Negro E, Vezzù K, Toniolo L, Pace G. Interplay between structural and electrochemical properties of Pt-Rh carbon nitride electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Di Noto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technology of the CNR of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Keti Vezzù
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, University of Venezia, via Dorsoduro 2137, I-30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Guinevere A. Giffin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Fosca Conti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Bertucco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Di Noto V, Vezzù K, Conti F, Giffin GA, Lavina S, Bertucco A. Broadband electric spectroscopy at high CO2 pressure: dipole moment of CO2 and relaxation phenomena of the CO2-poly(vinyl chloride) system. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:9014-21. [PMID: 21678893 DOI: 10.1021/jp2043448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Broadband electric spectroscopy (BES) is a technique that shows promise in studying the interactions of dense or supercritical gases with polymers, particularly with respect to chain mobility. Polymers that are treated with dense gases show a reduction in the viscosity, glass transition, and melting temperature. A high pressure cell for BES has been constructed that can be used from ambient temperature and pressure to 353 K and 15 MPa and over a frequency range from 20 Hz to 1 MHz. In the past, the dielectric constant of CO(2) was determined by measurements at only one or two frequency values. New instrumentation and technology allow this experiment to be expanded to cover a wider frequency range. BES measurements of CO(2) do not show any relaxation peaks in the permittivity from 20 Hz to 1 MHz and 1 to 6 MPa. By these measurements, the CO(2) dielectric constant was evaluated between 0.1 and 6 MPa. Cell testing with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) at 323 K and CO(2) pressures from 0.1 to 13 MPa indicate an increase in the chain segmental motion at high pressures resulting from a reduction in the glass transition temperature of the PVC-CO(2) system due to plasticization by CO(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Di Noto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via F. Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy.
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Bertoloni G, Bertucco A, Rassu M, Vezzù K. Medical device disinfection by dense carbon dioxide. J Hosp Infect 2011; 77:42-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2010.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vezzù K, Sforza E, Sudiro M, Benedetti P, Losasso C, Bertucco A. Production of bioethanol under high pressure of CO2: The effect of process conditions. J Supercrit Fluids 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zavan B, Vindigni V, Vezzù K, Zorzato G, Luni C, Abatangelo G, Elvassore N, Cortivo R. Hyaluronan based porous nano-particles enriched with growth factors for the treatment of ulcers: a placebo-controlled study. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2009; 20:235-247. [PMID: 18758917 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the production of hyaluronan based porous microparticles by a semi-continuous gas anti-solvent (GAS) precipitation process to be used as a growth factor delivery system for in vivo treatment of ulcers. Operative process conditions, such as pressure, nozzle diameter and HYAFF11 solution concentrations, were adjusted to optimize particle production in terms of morphology and size. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light scattering demonstrated that porous nano-structured particles with a size of 300 and 900 nm had a high specific surface suitable for absorption of growth factors from the aqueous environment within the polymeric matrix. Water acted as a plasticizer, enhancing growth factor absorption. Water contents within the HYAFF11 matrix were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The absorption process was developed using fluorescence dyes and growth factors. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the high efficiency of absorption of growth factor and a mathematical model was generated to quantify and qualify the in vitro kinetics of growth factor release within the polymeric matrix. In vivo experiments were performed with the aim to optimize timed and focal release of PDGF to promote optimal tissue repair and regeneration of full-thickness wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zavan
- Department of Histology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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Vezzù K, Bertucco A, Lucien FP. Solid-liquid equilibria of multicomponent lipid mixtures under CO2pressure: Measurement and thermodynamic modeling. AIChE J 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.11543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Vezzù K, Zago V, Vittadello M, Bertucco A, Noto VD. Effect of subcritical CO2 on ionic conductivity of {Al[O(CH2CH2O)8.7]ρ/(LiClO4)z}n hybrid inorganic–organic networks. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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