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Van Daele SH, Moisse M, van Vugt JJFA, Zwamborn RAJ, van der Spek R, van Rheenen W, Van Eijk K, Kenna K, Corcia P, Vourc'h P, Couratier P, Hardiman O, McLaughin R, Gotkine M, Drory V, Ticozzi N, Silani V, Ratti A, de Carvalho M, Mora Pardina JS, Povedano M, Andersen PM, Weber M, Başak NA, Shaw C, Shaw PJ, Morrison KE, Landers JE, Glass JD, van Es MA, van den Berg LH, Al-Chalabi A, Veldink J, Van Damme P. Genetic variability in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2023; 146:3760-3769. [PMID: 37043475 PMCID: PMC10473563 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advent of gene therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), there is a surge in gene testing for this disease. Although there is ample experience with gene testing for C9orf72, SOD1, FUS and TARDBP in familial ALS, large studies exploring genetic variation in all ALS-associated genes in sporadic ALS (sALS) are still scarce. Gene testing in a diagnostic setting is challenging, given the complex genetic architecture of sALS, for which there are genetic variants with large and small effect sizes. Guidelines for the interpretation of genetic variants in gene panels and for counselling of patients are lacking. We aimed to provide a thorough characterization of genetic variability in ALS genes by applying the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria on whole genome sequencing data from a large cohort of 6013 sporadic ALS patients and 2411 matched controls from Project MinE. We studied genetic variation in 90 ALS-associated genes and applied customized ACMG-criteria to identify pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants. Variants of unknown significance were collected as well. In addition, we determined the length of repeat expansions in C9orf72, ATXN1, ATXN2 and NIPA1 using the ExpansionHunter tool. We found C9orf72 repeat expansions in 5.21% of sALS patients. In 50 ALS-associated genes, we did not identify any pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. In 5.89%, a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant was found, most commonly in SOD1, TARDBP, FUS, NEK1, OPTN or TBK1. Significantly more cases carried at least one pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant compared to controls (odds ratio 1.75; P-value 1.64 × 10-5). Isolated risk factors in ATXN1, ATXN2, NIPA1 and/or UNC13A were detected in 17.33% of cases. In 71.83%, we did not find any genetic clues. A combination of variants was found in 2.88%. This study provides an inventory of pathogenic and likely pathogenic genetic variation in a large cohort of sALS patients. Overall, we identified pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in 11.13% of ALS patients in 38 known ALS genes. In line with the oligogenic hypothesis, we found significantly more combinations of variants in cases compared to controls. Many variants of unknown significance may contribute to ALS risk, but diagnostic algorithms to reliably identify and weigh them are lacking. This work can serve as a resource for counselling and for the assembly of gene panels for ALS. Further characterization of the genetic architecture of sALS is necessary given the growing interest in gene testing in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sien Hilde Van Daele
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, and Leuven Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Human genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, and Leuven Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joke J F A van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramona A J Zwamborn
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristel Van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre SLA, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourc'h
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37032 Tours, France
| | | | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin D02 PN40, Republic of Ireland
| | - Russell McLaughin
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 PN40, Republic of Ireland
| | - Marc Gotkine
- The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vivian Drory
- Department of Neurology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, 64239 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, ‘Dino Ferrari’ Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, ‘Dino Ferrari’ Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Ratti
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milano, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Markus Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nazli A Başak
- Koç University, School of Medicine, KUTTAM-NDAL, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Chris Shaw
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, London SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Karen E Morrison
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Department Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, London SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Jan Veldink
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, and Leuven Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Al Khleifat A, Iacoangeli A, van Vugt JJFA, Bowles H, Moisse M, Zwamborn RAJ, van der Spek RAA, Shatunov A, Cooper-Knock J, Topp S, Byrne R, Gellera C, López V, Jones AR, Opie-Martin S, Vural A, Campos Y, van Rheenen W, Kenna B, Van Eijk KR, Kenna K, Weber M, Smith B, Fogh I, Silani V, Morrison KE, Dobson R, van Es MA, McLaughlin RL, Vourc'h P, Chio A, Corcia P, de Carvalho M, Gotkine M, Panades MP, Mora JS, Shaw PJ, Landers JE, Glass JD, Shaw CE, Basak N, Hardiman O, Robberecht W, Van Damme P, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Al-Chalabi A. Structural variation analysis of 6,500 whole genome sequences in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. NPJ Genom Med 2022; 7:8. [PMID: 35091648 PMCID: PMC8799638 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a strong genetic contribution to Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk, with heritability estimates of up to 60%. Both Mendelian and small effect variants have been identified, but in common with other conditions, such variants only explain a little of the heritability. Genomic structural variation might account for some of this otherwise unexplained heritability. We therefore investigated association between structural variation in a set of 25 ALS genes, and ALS risk and phenotype. As expected, the repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene was identified as associated with ALS. Two other ALS-associated structural variants were identified: inversion in the VCP gene and insertion in the ERBB4 gene. All three variants were associated both with increased risk of ALS and specific phenotypic patterns of disease expression. More than 70% of people with respiratory onset ALS harboured ERBB4 insertion compared with 25% of the general population, suggesting respiratory onset ALS may be a distinct genetic subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Khleifat
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joke J F A van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Bowles
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ramona A J Zwamborn
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon Topp
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Ross Byrne
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Victoria López
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Ashley R Jones
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Sarah Opie-Martin
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Atay Vural
- Koc University, School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center- NDAL, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yolanda Campos
- Mitochondrial pathology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Brendan Kenna
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristel R Van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bradley Smith
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Isabella Fogh
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano and Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Karen E Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Richard Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michael A van Es
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Russell L McLaughlin
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Adriano Chio
- Rita Levi Montalcini, Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre SLA, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
- Federation des Centres SLA Tours and Limoges, LITORALS, Tours, France
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Physiology Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Monica P Panades
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
| | - Nazli Basak
- Koc University, School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center- NDAL, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Wim Robberecht
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
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Al Khleifat A, Iacoangeli A, Jones AR, van Vugt JJFA, Moisse M, Shatunov A, Zwamborn RAJ, van der Spek RAA, Cooper-Knock J, Topp S, van Rheenen W, Kenna B, Van Eijk KR, Kenna K, Byrne R, López V, Opie-Martin S, Vural A, Campos Y, Weber M, Smith B, Fogh I, Silani V, Morrison KE, Dobson R, van Es MA, McLaughlin RL, Vourc’h P, Chio A, Corcia P, de Carvalho M, Gotkine M, Panades MP, Mora JS, Shaw PJ, Landers JE, Glass JD, Shaw CE, Basak N, Hardiman O, Robberecht W, Van Damme P, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Al-Chalabi A. Telomere length analysis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using large-scale whole genome sequence data. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1050596. [PMID: 36589292 PMCID: PMC9799999 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1050596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to progressive weakness of voluntary muscles, with death following from neuromuscular respiratory failure, typically within 3 to 5 years. There is a strong genetic contribution to ALS risk. In 10% or more, a family history of ALS or frontotemporal dementia is obtained, and the Mendelian genes responsible for ALS in such families have now been identified in about 50% of cases. Only about 14% of apparently sporadic ALS is explained by known genetic variation, suggesting that other forms of genetic variation are important. Telomeres maintain DNA integrity during cellular replication, differ between sexes, and shorten naturally with age. Sex and age are risk factors for ALS and we therefore investigated telomere length in ALS. Methods Samples were from Project MinE, an international ALS whole genome sequencing consortium that includes phenotype data. For validation we used donated brain samples from motor cortex from people with ALS and controls. Ancestry and relatedness were evaluated by principal components analysis and relationship matrices of DNA microarray data. Whole genome sequence data were from Illumina HiSeq platforms and aligned using the Isaac pipeline. TelSeq was used to quantify telomere length using whole genome sequence data. We tested the association of telomere length with ALS and ALS survival using Cox regression. Results There were 6,580 whole genome sequences, reducing to 6,195 samples (4,315 from people with ALS and 1,880 controls) after quality control, and 159 brain samples (106 ALS, 53 controls). Accounting for age and sex, there was a 20% (95% CI 14%, 25%) increase of telomere length in people with ALS compared to controls (p = 1.1 × 10-12), validated in the brain samples (p = 0.03). Those with shorter telomeres had a 10% increase in median survival (p = 5.0×10-7). Although there was no difference in telomere length between sporadic ALS and familial ALS (p=0.64), telomere length in 334 people with ALS due to expanded C9orf72 repeats was shorter than in those without expanded C9orf72 repeats (p = 5.0×10-4). Discussion Although telomeres shorten with age, longer telomeres are a risk factor for ALS and worsen prognosis. Longer telomeres are associated with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Khleifat
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Ahmad Al Khleifat,
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley R. Jones
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joke J. F. A. van Vugt
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Institute of Medicine, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ramona A. J. Zwamborn
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rick A. A. van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Topp
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Brendan Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kristel R. Van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ross Byrne
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Victoria López
- Computational Biology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarah Opie-Martin
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Atay Vural
- School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center-NDAL, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yolanda Campos
- Computational Biology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus Weber
- School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center-NDAL, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bradley Smith
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabella Fogh
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Dobson
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. van Es
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Russell L. McLaughlin
- Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Adriano Chio
- Department of Neuroscience, ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Citta della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre SLA, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
- Federation des Centres SLA Tours and Limoges, LITORALS, Tours, France
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Physiology Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marc Gotkine
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John E. Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jonathan D. Glass
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christopher E. Shaw
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nazli Basak
- School of Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center-NDAL, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wim Robberecht
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonard H. van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan H. Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ammar Al-Chalabi,
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4
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Moisse M, Zwamborn RAJ, van Vugt J, van der Spek R, van Rheenen W, Kenna B, Van Eijk K, Kenna K, Corcia P, Couratier P, Vourc'h P, Hardiman O, McLaughin R, Gotkine M, Drory V, Ticozzi N, Silani V, de Carvalho M, Mora Pardina JS, Povedano M, Andersen PM, Weber M, Başak NA, Chen X, Eberle MA, Al‐Chalabi A, Shaw C, Shaw PJ, Morrison KE, Landers JE, Glass JD, Robberecht W, van Es M, van den Berg L, Veldink J, Van Damme P. The Effect of SMN Gene Dosage on ALS Risk and Disease Severity. Ann Neurol 2021; 89:686-697. [PMID: 33389754 PMCID: PMC8048961 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) gene in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unclear, with several conflicting reports. A decisive result on this topic is needed, given that treatment options are available now for SMN deficiency. METHODS In this largest multicenter case control study to evaluate the effect of SMN1 and SMN2 copy numbers in ALS, we used whole genome sequencing data from Project MinE data freeze 2. SMN copy numbers of 6,375 patients with ALS and 2,412 controls were called from whole genome sequencing data, and the reliability of the calls was tested with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification data. RESULTS The copy number distribution of SMN1 and SMN2 between cases and controls did not show any statistical differences (binomial multivariate logistic regression SMN1 p = 0.54 and SMN2 p = 0.49). In addition, the copy number of SMN did not associate with patient survival (Royston-Parmar; SMN1 p = 0.78 and SMN2 p = 0.23) or age at onset (Royston-Parmar; SMN1 p = 0.75 and SMN2 p = 0.63). INTERPRETATION In our well-powered study, there was no association of SMN1 or SMN2 copy numbers with the risk of ALS or ALS disease severity. This suggests that changing SMN protein levels in the physiological range may not modify ALS disease course. This is an important finding in the light of emerging therapies targeted at SMN deficiencies. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:686-697.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Moisse
- Departments of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyVIB, Center for Brain and Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
| | - Ramona A. J. Zwamborn
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Joke van Vugt
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rick van der Spek
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Brendan Kenna
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kristel Van Eijk
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Philippe Corcia
- Centre SLA, CHRU de ToursToursFrance
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, InsermToursFrance
| | | | | | - Orla Hardiman
- Academic Unit of NeurologyTrinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteDublinRepublic of Ireland
| | - Russell McLaughin
- Complex Trait Genomics LaboratorySmurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College DublinDublinRepublic of Ireland
| | - Marc Gotkine
- The Agnes Ginges Center for Human NeurogeneticsHadassah‐Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Vivian Drory
- Department of NeurologyTel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical CentreTel AvivIsrael
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit and Laboratory of NeuroscienceIRCCS Istituto Auxologico ItalianoMilanoItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation“Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Unit and Laboratory of NeuroscienceIRCCS Istituto Auxologico ItalianoMilanoItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation“Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Instituto de Fisiologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | | | | | - Peter M. Andersen
- Department of Clinical Science, NeurosciencesUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Markus Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit/ALS ClinicSt. GallenSwitzerland
| | - Nazli A. Başak
- Koç University, School of Medicine, KUTTAM‐NDALIstanbulTurkey
| | | | | | - Ammar Al‐Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Chris Shaw
- Department of Basic and Clinical NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN)University of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical SciencesQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - John E. Landers
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMA
| | | | - Wim Robberecht
- Departments of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Michael van Es
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Leonard van den Berg
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jan Veldink
- Department of NeurologyUMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Philip Van Damme
- Departments of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI)KU Leuven – University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory of NeurobiologyVIB, Center for Brain and Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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5
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Baron DM, Matheny T, Lin YC, Leszyk JD, Kenna K, Gall KV, Santos DP, Tischbein M, Funes S, Hayward LJ, Kiskinis E, Landers JE, Parker R, Shaffer SA, Bosco DA. Quantitative proteomics identifies proteins that resist translational repression and become dysregulated in ALS-FUS. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:2143-2160. [PMID: 30806671 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant translational repression is a feature of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. The association between disease-linked proteins and stress granules further implicates impaired stress responses in neurodegeneration. However, our knowledge of the proteins that evade translational repression is incomplete. It is also unclear whether disease-linked proteins influence the proteome under conditions of translational repression. To address these questions, a quantitative proteomics approach was used to identify proteins that evade stress-induced translational repression in arsenite-treated cells expressing either wild-type or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-linked mutant FUS. This study revealed hundreds of proteins that are actively synthesized during stress-induced translational repression, irrespective of FUS genotype. In addition to proteins involved in RNA- and protein-processing, proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS were also actively synthesized during stress. Protein synthesis under stress was largely unperturbed by mutant FUS, although several proteins were found to be differentially expressed between mutant and control cells. One protein in particular, COPBI, was downregulated in mutant FUS-expressing cells under stress. COPBI is the beta subunit of the coat protein I (COPI), which is involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrograde transport. Further investigation revealed reduced levels of other COPI subunit proteins and defects in COPBI-relatedprocesses in cells expressing mutant FUS. Even in the absence of stress, COPBI localization was altered in primary and human stem cell-derived neurons expressing ALS-linked FUS variants. Our results suggest that Golgi to ER retrograde transport may be important under conditions of stress and is perturbed upon the expression of disease-linked proteins such as FUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree M Baron
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Matheny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Yen-Chen Lin
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - John D Leszyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Worcester, MA, USA.,Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katherine V Gall
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - David P Santos
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maeve Tischbein
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Salome Funes
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence J Hayward
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Evangelos Kiskinis
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Roy Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Worcester, MA, USA.,Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA
| | - Daryl A Bosco
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Worcester, MA, USA
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6
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van Doormaal PTC, Ticozzi N, Weishaupt JH, Kenna K, Diekstra FP, Verde F, Andersen PM, Dekker AM, Tiloca C, Marroquin N, Overste DJ, Pensato V, Nürnberg P, Pulit SL, Schellevis RD, Calini D, Altmüller J, Francioli LC, Muller B, Castellotti B, Motameny S, Ratti A, Wolf J, Gellera C, Ludolph AC, van den Berg LH, Kubisch C, Landers JE, Veldink JH, Silani V, Volk AE. The role of de novo mutations in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Hum Mutat 2017; 38:1534-1541. [PMID: 28714244 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The genetic basis combined with the sporadic occurrence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suggests a role of de novo mutations in disease pathogenesis. Previous studies provided some evidence for this hypothesis; however, results were conflicting: no genes with recurrent occurring de novo mutations were identified and different pathways were postulated. In this study, we analyzed whole-exome data from 82 new patient-parents trios and combined it with the datasets of all previously published ALS trios (173 trios in total). The per patient de novo rate was not higher than expected based on the general population (P = 0.40). We showed that these mutations are not part of the previously postulated pathways, and gene-gene interaction analysis found no enrichment of interacting genes in this group (P = 0.57). Also, we were able to show that the de novo mutations in ALS patients are located in genes already prone for de novo mutations (P < 1 × 10-15 ). Although the individual effect of rare de novo mutations in specific genes could not be assessed, our results indicate that, in contrast to previous hypothesis, de novo mutations in general do not impose a major burden on ALS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry T C van Doormaal
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center-Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Kevin Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Frank P Diekstra
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Federico Verde
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center-Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Annelot M Dekker
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cinzia Tiloca
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Daniel J Overste
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Viviana Pensato
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sara L Pulit
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond D Schellevis
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Calini
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Laurent C Francioli
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Barbara Castellotti
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | - Susanne Motameny
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Antonia Ratti
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center-Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Joachim Wolf
- Department of Neurology, Diakonissenkrankenhaus Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico 'Carlo Besta', Milan, Italy
| | | | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, 'Dino Ferrari' Center-Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander E Volk
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Bede P, Iyer PM, Schuster C, Elamin M, Mclaughlin RL, Kenna K, Hardiman O. The selective anatomical vulnerability of ALS: 'disease-defining' and 'disease-defying' brain regions. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2016; 17:561-570. [PMID: 27087114 DOI: 10.3109/21678421.2016.1173702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A large multiparametric MRI study has been undertaken to evaluate anatomical patterns of basal ganglia, white matter and cortical grey matter involvement in ALS. Unaffected brain regions are mapped in patients with significant disability. Multiple white matter diffusivity measures, cortical grey matter density alterations, basal ganglia volumes and subcortical grey matter atrophy patterns are evaluated. Results demonstrated a strikingly selective anatomical vulnerability pattern in ALS that preferentially affects specific grey matter structures, commissural white matter tracts and basal ganglia regions, suggestive of networkwise neurodegeneration in ALS. In conclusion, ALS pathology exhibits predilection for selective and inter-connected anatomical sites that can be comprehensively characterized in vivo by multiparametric neuroimaging. The systematic characterization of unaffected brain regions in ALS has implications for the development of classifier analyses and elucidation of disease biology. The involvement and sparing of contiguous brain regions raises important pathophysiological, phylogenetic and ontogenetic questions regarding ALS pathogenesis and disease spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bede
- a Quantitative Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology , Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Ireland
| | - Parameswaran M Iyer
- a Quantitative Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology , Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Ireland
| | - Christina Schuster
- a Quantitative Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology , Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Ireland
| | - Marwa Elamin
- a Quantitative Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology , Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Ireland
| | - Russell L Mclaughlin
- a Quantitative Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology , Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Ireland
| | - Kevin Kenna
- a Quantitative Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology , Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Ireland
| | - Orla Hardiman
- a Quantitative Neuroimaging Group, Academic Unit of Neurology , Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Ireland
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8
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Bede P, Elamin M, Byrne S, McLaughlin RL, Kenna K, Vajda A, Fagan A, Bradley DG, Hardiman O. Patterns of cerebral and cerebellar white matter degeneration in ALS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86:468-70. [PMID: 25053771 PMCID: PMC4392231 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-308172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Bede
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Elamin
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Byrne
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R L McLaughlin
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Kenna
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Vajda
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Fagan
- Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging, St James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D G Bradley
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - O Hardiman
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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9
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Fahey C, Byrne S, McLaughlin R, Kenna K, Shatunov A, Donohoe G, Gill M, Al-Chalabi A, Bradley DG, Hardiman O, Corvin AP, Morris DW. Analysis of the hexanucleotide repeat expansion and founder haplotype at C9ORF72 in an Irish psychosis case-control sample. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:1510.e1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Bede P, Elamin M, Byrne S, McLaughlin RL, Kenna K, Vajda A, Pender N, Bradley DG, Hardiman O. Basal ganglia involvement in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology 2013; 81:2107-15. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000437313.80913.2c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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11
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Byrne S, Heverin M, Elamin M, Bede P, Lynch C, Kenna K, MacLaughlin R, Walsh C, Al Chalabi A, Hardiman O. Aggregation of neurologic and neuropsychiatric disease in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis kindreds: a population-based case-control cohort study of familial and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2013; 74:699-708. [PMID: 23836460 DOI: 10.1002/ana.23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is associated with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in 14% of cases. Five percent report a family history of ALS, and other ALS patients report a family history of other neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this study was to conduct a family aggregation study of ALS, and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric conditions in ALS kindreds and matched healthy controls. The aim was to determine the true rate of familial ALS and the recurrence risk of ALS in family members, and to identify kindreds with increased aggregation of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease in the context of the recently described expanded hexanucleotide repeat in C9orf72. METHODS A prospective, population-based, case-control family aggregation study was conducted. Family history information was collected through questionnaires and interviews from ALS patients and matched controls. Cause of death was verified with death certification. The recurrence rate of ALS and the risk in family members of other neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease was calculated using the relative risk (lambda) and cumulative risk using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS Medical histories from 9,684 first- and second-degree relatives of 172 ALS probands and 192 controls were obtained. Cause of death was verified in 2,494 cases. Sixteen percent (n=27) of ALS patients had a family history of ALS. The lifetime hazard ratio (HR) of developing ALS among first- and second-degree relatives was 34.3 (p<0.0001) in relatives of ALS patients with the C9orf72 repeat expansion, and 2.3 (p=0.019) in relatives of ALS patients without the expansion. The relatives of ALS patients also had an increased HR of developing a psychotic illness (HR=4.7, p=0.004, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.6-12.3) and of suicide (HR=5.6, p<0.0001, 95% CI=2.4-12.9) INTERPRETATION: The true rate of familial ALS in Ireland is 16%. There is an overlap between ALS, FTD, and neuropsychiatric disease that is pronounced in kindreds with the C9orf72 repeat expansion, but is also present in kindreds of those without the C9orf72 expanded repeat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Byrne
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
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12
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Bede P, Bokde ALW, Byrne S, Elamin M, McLaughlin RL, Kenna K, Fagan AJ, Pender N, Bradley DG, Hardiman O. Multiparametric MRI study of ALS stratified for the C9orf72 genotype. Neurology 2013; 81:361-9. [PMID: 23771489 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31829c5eee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the patterns of cortical and subcortical changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) stratified for the C9orf72 genotype. METHODS A prospective, single-center, single-protocol, gray and white matter magnetic resonance case-control imaging study was undertaken with 30 C9orf72-negative patients with ALS, 9 patients with ALS carrying the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion, and 44 healthy controls. Tract-based spatial statistics of multiple white matter diffusion parameters, cortical thickness measurements, and voxel-based morphometry analyses were carried out. All patients underwent comprehensive genetic and neuropsychological profiling. RESULTS A congruent pattern of cortical and subcortical involvement was identified in those with the C9orf72 genotype, affecting fusiform, thalamic, supramarginal, and orbitofrontal regions and the Broca area. White matter abnormalities in the C9orf72-negative group were relatively confined to corticospinal and cerebellar pathways with limited extramotor expansion. The body of the corpus callosum and superior motor tracts were affected in both ALS genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Extensive cortical and subcortical frontotemporal involvement was identified in association with the C9orf72 genotype, compared to the relatively limited extramotor pathology in patients with C9orf72-negative ALS. The distinctive, genotype-specific pathoanatomical patterns are consistent with the neuropsychological profile of the 2 ALS cohorts. Our findings suggest that previously described extramotor changes in ALS could be largely driven by those with the C9orf72 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bede
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience-TCIN, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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13
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van Rheenen W, Diekstra FP, van Doormaal PT, Seelen M, Kenna K, McLaughlin R, Shatunov A, Czell D, van Es MA, van Vught PW, van Damme P, Smith BN, Waibel S, Schelhaas HJ, van der Kooi AJ, de Visser M, Weber M, Robberecht W, Hardiman O, Shaw PJ, Shaw CE, Morrison KE, Al-Chalabi A, Andersen PM, Ludolph AC, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH. H63D polymorphism in HFE is not associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 34:1517.e5-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Byrne S, Shatunov A, Bede P, Elamin M, Lynch C, Kenna K, McLaughlin R, Pender N, Bradley D, Al-Chalabi A, Hardiman O. The Population Based Prevalence and Phenotype of 9p21 Hexanucleotide Repeats in ALS/FTD (IN9-1.005). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.in9-1.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Byrne S, Shatunov A, Bede P, Elamin M, Lynch C, Kenna K, McLaughlin R, Pender N, Bradley D, Al-Chalabi A, Hardiman O. The Population Based Prevalence and Phenotype of 9p21 Hexanucleotide Repeats in ALS/FTD (S05.004). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Byrne S, Walsh C, Lynch C, Bede P, Elamin M, Kenna K, McLaughlin R, Hardiman O. Rate of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011; 82:623-7. [PMID: 21047878 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.224501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The population rate of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) is frequently reported as 10%. However, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the true population based frequency of FALS has never been performed. METHOD A Medline literature review identified all original articles reporting a rate of FALS. Studies were grouped according to the type of data presented and examined for sources of case ascertainment. A systematic review and meta-analysis of reported rates of FALS was then conducted to facilitate comparison between studies and calculate a pooled rate of FALS. RESULTS 38 papers reported a rate of FALS. Thirty-three papers were included in analysis and the rate of FALS for all studies was 4.6% (95% CI 3.9% to 5.5%). Restricting the analysis to prospective population based registry data revealed a rate of 5.1% (95% CI 4.1% to 6.1%). The incidence of FALS was lower in southern Europe. There was no correlation between rate of FALS and reported SOD1 mutation rates. CONCLUSION The rate of FALS among prospective population based registries is 5.1% (CI 4.1 to 6.1%), and not 10% as is often stated. Further detailed prospective population based studies of familial ALS are required to confirm this rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Byrne
- Deparment of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Beaumont Rd, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Byrne S, Bede P, Elamin M, Kenna K, Lynch C, McLaughlin R, Hardiman O. Proposed criteria for familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 12:157-9. [DOI: 10.3109/17482968.2010.545420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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