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Gentile M, Raimondo S, Gentile R, Gentile T, Fortunato A, Piscopo M, Crescenzi C, Siani L, Ferrara I, Esposito A, Iaccarino M, Notari T, Sosa Fernandez L, Montano L. O-286 Bisphenol A in blood serum and follicular fluid of women undergoing to cycle of IVF living in areas with different environmental impact. (EcoFoodFertility Project). Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac106.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a constituent of polycarbonate and epoxy resin plastics and is also a by-product of combustion of plastics, resulting harmful for health.
Summary answer
To evaluate the presence of BPA in the blood and Follicular Fluids, in women, subjected to IVF cycles, living in areas with different environmental impact.
What is known already
BPA is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene is a tracer for burning plastic and has been related to levels of bisphenol A in the air, so the actual release of bisphenol A to the atmosphere could result from burning the plastic. Bisphenol A belongs to the group of endocrine disruptors.
Little is known about the effects of BPA on human female reproduction. BPA levels appear to be inversely related to the number of oocytes retrieved in IVF cycles, and it also appears to negatively affect the ovulatory peak of estradiol.
Study design, size, duration
In the frame of EcoFoodFertility project a cross sectional study conducted in Campania Region (Southern Italy), between January 2019 and December 2020, 74 women, no smokers, no chronic diseases, not exposed to occupational risk factors. living for at least 5 years in areas with low environmental impact (LEI, 31 women), Alto-Medio Sele in province of Salerno and high environmental impact (HEI, 43 women), so-called “Land of Fires” in province of Naples, were selected.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Participants have a normal ovarian reserve, average age 32.05 + 3.49, with infertility duration between 26 and 39 months and at the first experience of an IVF cycle. ELISA was used for measuring bisphenol A in blood and Follicular Fluids (FFs), expressed in ng/ mL. 5 mL glass tubes, without additives, not siliconized and kept in a horizontal position were used. FFs were bloodless with a negative albumin test.
Main results and the role of chance
Differents levels of BPA were found in all processed samples.
In the LEI (Low Environmental Impact) group, serum levels vary from a minimum of 3.1 ng/mL to a maximum of 7.7 ng/mL (4.1 ± 1.6) and the Follicular Fluids levels vary from a minimum of 7,1 ng/mL to a maximum of 55.3 ng/mL (13.8 ± 10.9).
In the HEI (High Environmental Impact) group, serum levels vary from a minimum of 69.2 ng/mL to a maximum of 167.8 ng/mL (95.5 ± 24.3) and Follicular Fluids levels vary from a minimum of 4.2 ng/mL to a maximum of 34.3 ng/mL (19.9 ± 9.2).
Statistical processing of the data shows a highly significant variation in serum levels (p < 0.0001) with higher values in the HEI group (95.5 ± 24.3) than in the LEI group (4.1 ± 1.6).
A moderately significant change (p < 0.01) for Follicular Fluids levels, higher in the HEI group (19.9 ± 9.2) than in the LEI group (13.8 ± 10.9).
Furthermore, the data did not show any correspondence between serum and Follicular Fluids for any of the participants tested.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The ELISA method for the determination of BPA seems suitable to us, however, the subject requires further biomonitoring studies, with a larger sample and greater selection of participants, to better understand the effects of BPA and its metabolites in FF and in other districts of the female reproductive system.
Wider implications of the findings
The results indicate that the greater bioaccumulation in women of the HEI group appears consistent with the environmental condition of the area and with the comparative studies already carried out within the EcoFoodFertility project. This is further evidence that pollution in this area can interfere with female fertility and beyond.
Trial registration number
G003
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gentile
- Laboratory Gentile s.a.s, “Gentile s.a.s.” Research Center , Gragnano, Italy
| | - S Raimondo
- Laboratory Gentile s.a.s, “Gentile s.a.s.” Research Center , Gragnano, Italy
| | - R Gentile
- Laboratory Gentile s.a.s, “Gentile s.a.s.” Research Center , Gragnano, Italy
| | - T Gentile
- Laboratory Gentile s.a.s, “Gentile s.a.s.” Research Center , Gragnano, Italy
| | - A Fortunato
- Pineta Grande Hospital, IVF Laboratory , Caserta, Italy
| | - M Piscopo
- University of Naples Federico II- 80126 Naples- Italy, Department of Biology , Napoli, Italy
| | - C Crescenzi
- Clinic Center “HERA”, IVF Laboratory , Giugliano, Italy
| | - L Siani
- Mediterraneo Center pma”, IVF Laboratory “ , Salerno, Italy
| | - I Ferrara
- Medical Center “Gunè”, IVF Laboratory , Acerra, Italy
| | - A Esposito
- Gynecology and Obstetric Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio”, Coordination Fertility Prevention Unit , Frattamaggiore, Italy
| | - M Iaccarino
- Iaccarino Chemis Center, IVF Laboratory , Napoli, Italy
| | - T Notari
- Check Up-Day Surgery- Polydiagnostic and Research Centre, IVF Laboratory , Salerno, Italy
| | | | - L Montano
- Ospedale San Francesco D’Assisi”-, Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology- Local Health Authority ASL Salerno- Coordination Unit of the network for Environmental and Reproductive Health Eco-FoodFertility Project “ -, Oliveto Ci
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Moazzenzadeh AR, Fernandez LS, Zamora BO. Intraperitoneal rupture of pancreatic pseudocyst: report of a case and review of the literature. Am Surg 1976; 42:589-92. [PMID: 942122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A case is presented of pancreatic pseudocyst which ruptured as a result of an automobile accident. Sixty-three cases from the literature of ruptured pseudocyst of the pancrease due to a variety of causes are reviewed. Special reference is made of the site of perforation and treatment. It is concluded that each case should be individualized, tailoring the operative procedure to the operative findings. While external drainage may be life saving in some cases and sometimes the only procedure possible, internal drainage is superior and should be considered when it can be done without endangering the patient's life.
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