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Schratz KE, Gaysinskaya V, Cosner ZL, DeBoy EA, Xiang Z, Kasch-Semenza L, Florea L, Shah PD, Armanios M. Somatic reversion impacts evolution of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia in the short telomere disorders. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e147598. [PMID: 34343137 DOI: 10.1172/jci147598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in telomerase and other telomere maintenance genes manifest in the premature aging short telomere syndromes. Myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML) account for 75% of associated malignancies, but how these cancers overcome the inherited telomere defect is unknown. METHODS We used ultra-deep targeted sequencing to detect somatic reversion mutations in 17 candidate telomere lengthening genes among controls and short telomere syndrome patients with and without MDS/AML and we tested the functional significance of these mutations. RESULTS While no controls carried somatic mutations in telomere maintenance genes, 29% (16 of 56) of adults with germline telomere maintenance defects carried at least one (P<0.001) and 13% (7 of 56) had 2 or more. In addition to TERT promoter mutations which were present in 19%, we identified POT1 and TERF2IP mutations in 13%. POT1 mutations impaired telomere binding in vitro and some mutations were identical to ones seen in familial melanoma associated with longer telomere length. Exclusively in patients with germline defects in telomerase RNA (TR), we identified somatic mutations in nuclear RNA exosome genes, RBM7, SKIV2L2, and DIS3, where loss-of-function upregulates mature TR levels. Somatic reversion events in six telomere-related genes were more prevalent in patients who were MDS/AML-free (P = 0.02, RR 4.4, 95% CI 1.2-16.7), and no MDS/AML patient had more than one reversion mutation. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify diverse adaptive somatic mechanisms in the short telomere syndrome; they raise the possibility that their presence alleviates the telomere crisis that promotes transformation to MDS/AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Schratz
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Valeriya Gaysinskaya
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Zoe L Cosner
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Emily A DeBoy
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Zhimin Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Laura Kasch-Semenza
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Liliana Florea
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Pali D Shah
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
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2
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Myers VD, Gerhard GS, McNamara DM, Tomar D, Madesh M, Kaniper S, Ramsey FV, Fisher SG, Ingersoll RG, Kasch-Semenza L, Wang J, Hanley-Yanez K, Lemster B, Schwisow JA, Ambardekar AV, Degann SH, Bristow MR, Sheppard R, Alexis JD, Tilley DG, Kontos CD, McClung JM, Taylor AL, Yancy CW, Khalili K, Seidman JG, Seidman CE, McTiernan CF, Cheung JY, Feldman AM. Association of Variants in BAG3 With Cardiomyopathy Outcomes in African American Individuals. JAMA Cardiol 2019; 3:929-938. [PMID: 30140897 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Importance The prevalence of nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is greater in individuals of African ancestry than in individuals of European ancestry. However, little is known about whether the difference in prevalence or outcomes is associated with functional genetic variants. Objective We hypothesized that Bcl2-associated anthanogene 3 (BAG3) genetic variants were associated with outcomes in individuals of African ancestry with DCM. Design This multicohort study of the BAG3 genotype in patients of African ancestry with dilated cardiomyopathy uses DNA obtained from African American individuals enrolled in 3 clinical studies: the Genetic Risk Assessment of African Americans With Heart Failure (GRAHF) study; the Intervention in Myocarditis and Acute Cardiomyopathy Trial-2 (IMAC-2) study; and the Genetic Risk Assessment of Cardiac Events (GRACE) study. Samples of DNA were also acquired from the left ventricular myocardium of patients of African ancestry who underwent heart transplant at the University of Colorado and University of Pittsburgh. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end points were the prevalence of BAG3 mutations in African American individuals and event-free survival in participants harboring functional BAG3 mutations. Results Four BAG3 genetic variants were identified; these were expressed in 42 of 402 African American individuals (10.4%) with nonischemic heart failure and 9 of 107 African American individuals (8.4%) with ischemic heart failure but were not present in a reference population of European ancestry (P < .001). The variants included 2 nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variants; 1 three-nucleotide in-frame insertion; and 2 single-nucleotide variants that were linked in cis. The presence of BAG3 variants was associated with a nearly 2-fold (hazard ratio, 1.97 [95% CI, 1.19-3.24]; P = .01) increase in cardiac events in carriers compared with noncarriers. Transfection of transformed adult human ventricular myocytes with plasmids expressing the 4 variants demonstrated that each variant caused an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in autophagy when samples were subjected to the stress of hypoxia-reoxygenation. Conclusions and Relevance This study demonstrates that genetic variants in BAG3 found almost exclusively in individuals of African ancestry were not causative of disease but were associated with a negative outcome in patients with a dilated cardiomyopathy through modulation of the function of BAG3. The results emphasize the importance of biological differences in causing phenotypic variance across diverse patient populations, the need to include diverse populations in genetic cohorts, and the importance of determining the pathogenicity of genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie D Myers
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Glenn S Gerhard
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dennis M McNamara
- The Heart and Vascular Institute, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Scott Kaniper
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Frederick V Ramsey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan G Fisher
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Roxann G Ingersoll
- The McKusick-Nathans Institute for Genetic Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Laura Kasch-Semenza
- The McKusick-Nathans Institute for Genetic Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - JuFang Wang
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karen Hanley-Yanez
- The Heart and Vascular Institute, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Bonnie Lemster
- The Heart and Vascular Institute, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica A Schwisow
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver
| | - Amrut V Ambardekar
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver
| | - Seta H Degann
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver
| | - Michael R Bristow
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver
| | - Richard Sheppard
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and the Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeffrey D Alexis
- Department of Medicine, the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher D Kontos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Department of Pharmacology and Cancer, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joseph M McClung
- Department of Physiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Anne L Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Clyde W Yancy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Deputy Editor
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Department of Neuroscience, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Christine E Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
| | - Charles F McTiernan
- The Heart and Vascular Institute, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph Y Cheung
- The Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Arthur M Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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3
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Ferrer M, Gosline SJC, Stathis M, Zhang X, Guo X, Guha R, Ryman DA, Wallace MR, Kasch-Semenza L, Hao H, Ingersoll R, Mohr D, Thomas C, Verma S, Guinney J, Blakeley JO. Pharmacological and genomic profiling of neurofibromatosis type 1 plexiform neurofibroma-derived schwann cells. Sci Data 2018; 5:180106. [PMID: 29893754 PMCID: PMC5996849 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic condition characterized by peripheral nervous system tumors (PNSTs), including plexiform neurofibromas (pNFs) that cause nerve dysfunction, deformity, pain damage to adjacent structures, and can undergo malignant transformation. There are no effective therapies to prevent or treat pNFs. Drug discovery efforts are slowed by the ‘benign’ nature of the Schwann cells that are the progenitor cells of pNF. In this work we characterize a set of pNF-derived cell lines at the genomic level (via SNP Arrays, RNAseq, and Whole Exome- Sequencing), and carry out dose response-based quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) with a collection of 1,912 oncology-focused compounds in a 1536-well microplate cell proliferation assays. Through the characterization and screening of NF1−/−, NF1+/+ and NF1+/− Schwann cell lines, this resource introduces novel therapeutic avenues for the development for NF1 associated pNF as well as all solid tumors with NF1 somatic mutations. The integrated data sets are openly available for further analysis at http://www.synapse.org/pnfCellCulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ferrer
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Marigo Stathis
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaohu Zhang
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Rajarshi Guha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dannielle A Ryman
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margaret R Wallace
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Laura Kasch-Semenza
- Genetic Resources Core Facility (GRCF), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haiping Hao
- Deep Sequencing & Microarray Core, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roxann Ingersoll
- Genetic Resources Core Facility (GRCF), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Mohr
- Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Craig Thomas
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Pre-clinical Innovation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharad Verma
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program (NTAP), Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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McLean RC, Hirsch GA, Becker LC, Kasch-Semenza L, Gerstenblith G, Schulman SP. Polymorphisms of the beta adrenergic receptor predict left ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2011; 25:251-8. [PMID: 21626217 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-011-6307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prior studies demonstrate an association between specific beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) polymorphisms and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and following acute coronary syndromes. The underlying mechanism may be due to differences in left ventricular remodeling. This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between LV remodeling after myocardial infarction and polymorphisms in the cardiac β1-AR and β2-AR genes. METHODS After first ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 122 patients on chronic β1 receptor antagonist therapy underwent baseline and 6-month LV volume evaluation. We assessed the relationships between changes in LV volumes and the polymorphisms in β1-AR, β1-Arg389Gly and β1-Ser49Gly, and in β2-AR, β2-Gly16Arg and β2-Gln27Glu. RESULTS We found that patients homozygous for the β2-Glu27 variant were 5.2 times more likely to be in the group with the highest end systolic volume (ESV) progression (OR 5.2, 95%CI 1.4-19.0). They were also more likely to have the largest progression of end diastolic volume (EDV) and decrease in LV ejection fraction (LVEF). For those with baseline LV dysfunction, being homozygous for Arg at amino acid position 389 in β1-AR was associated with decreases in ESV (-46 mL, CI -3.1, -88) and EDV (-40 mL, CI -1.1, -79) and an increase in LVEF (11%, CI 0.3, 22). CONCLUSION We found that polymorphisms of the β1-AR and β2-AR genes are associated with differential LV remodeling in patients treated with a β1 receptor antagonist following STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhondalyn C McLean
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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5
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Reti IM, Xu JZ, Yanofski J, McKibben J, Uhart M, Cheng YJ, Zandi P, Bienvenu OJ, Samuels J, Willour V, Kasch-Semenza L, Costa P, Bandeen-Roche K, Eaton WW, Nestadt G. Monoamine oxidase A regulates antisocial personality in whites with no history of physical abuse. Compr Psychiatry 2011; 52:188-94. [PMID: 21295226 PMCID: PMC3058761 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2009] [Revised: 05/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Preclinical and human family studies clearly link monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) to aggression and antisocial personality (ASP). The 30-base pair variable number tandem repeat in the MAOA promoter regulates MAOA levels, but its effects on ASP in humans are unclear. METHODS We evaluated the association of the variable number tandem repeat of the MAOA promoter with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, ASP disorder (ASPD) traits in a community sample of 435 participants from the Hopkins Epidemiology of Personality Disorders Study. RESULTS We did not find an association between the activity of the MAOA allele and ASPD traits; however, among whites, when subjects with a history of childhood physical abuse were excluded, the remaining subjects with low-activity alleles had ASPD trait counts that were 41% greater than those with high-activity alleles (P < .05). CONCLUSION The high-activity MAOA allele is protective against ASP among whites with no history of physical abuse, lending support to a link between MAOA expression and antisocial behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving M Reti
- The School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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6
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Faraday N, Martinez EA, Scharpf RB, Kasch-Semenza L, Dorman T, Pronovost PJ, Perler B, Gerstenblith G, Bray PF, Fleisher LA. Platelet gene polymorphisms and cardiac risk assessment in vascular surgical patients. Anesthesiology 2005; 101:1291-7. [PMID: 15564935 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-200412000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current perioperative cardiac risk assessment tools use historic and surgical factors to stratify patient risk. Polymorphisms in platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIIa and GPIbalpha are associated with myocardial ischemic risk in nonsurgical settings, but their relation to perioperative ischemia is unclear. The authors hypothesized that platelet genotype would be an independent predictor of postoperative myocardial ischemia and would improve risk assessment when added to clinical factors. METHODS One hundred ninety-six patients who underwent infrainguinal, abdominal aortic, or thoracoabdominal vascular surgery were evaluated for clinical and genetic factors that might predict the development of postoperative myocardial ischemia. Genomic DNA was genotyped for the Leu33Pro polymorphism of GPIIIa and the Thr145Met polymorphism of GPIbalpha. Myocardial ischemic outcome was determined by review of the medical record for cardiac death or myocardial infarction and by surveillance troponin I and automated continuous 12-lead electrocardiographic analysis. RESULTS Sixty-five patients (33%) experienced one or more ischemic endpoints (2% death, 5% myocardial infarction, 20% troponin+, 22% electrocardiogram+). The Pro33 (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.4 [95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.2]) and Met145 (OR 3.4 [1.4-9.3]) genotypes were independent predictors of composite ischemic outcome by multivariate regression, as were diabetes mellitus (OR 4.0 [1.7-12.5]), abdominal aortic surgery (OR 4.1 [1.7-14.4]), and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery (OR 6.4 [2.7-23.8]). The addition of platelet gene polymorphisms to clinical factors improved fit (likelihood ratio testing chi-square = 13.5, P < 0.001) of an ischemia prediction model. The derived risk assessment tool had a receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.73 (0.65-0.81) compared with 0.64 (0.57-0.74) for a model excluding genetic factors (P = 0.04). A significant relation between the GPIbalpha polymorphism and ischemic outcome remained after excluding electrocardiographic ischemia from the composite endpoint. CONCLUSIONS Platelet polymorphisms are independent risk factors for postoperative myocardial ischemia and improve a risk prediction model when added to historic and surgical risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nauder Faraday
- Critical Care Medicine and Department of Surgery (Vascular), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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