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Kachaeva M, Kharitonova N, Semenova N, Rusakovskaya O, Vasyanina V, Shishkina O, Skibina N, Nazarova L. The influence of child and adolescent maltreatment on personality disorders and criminal activity in adult women. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567629 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Since the rates of female criminality are rising it would appear important to conduct the study of the relationship between criminal behaviour and psychiatric diagnoses in female offenders. Objectives The main purpose of this investigation is to find out origins of crimes in women and to reveal the influence of child and adolescent maltreatment on personality disorders in adult women. Methods Clinical psychopathological, psychological, statistical. Results A cohort of 13 females with diagnosis of personality disorders was examined. All of them had committed crimes of violence. In the majority of the sample women had a previous history of psychiatric admissions (child psychiatric hospitals, adolescent units). The retrospective review revealed that the majority of women in their childhood were exposed to emotional, physical and sexual abuse in their families. Our results point that maltreatment may distort personality formation and social adjustment and contribute to behaviour problems, negative relation to socialization and criminal behaviour in adulthood. Conclusions The study revealed that psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence are predictive of adult criminality in females and also revealed the risk of girls who are victims of maltreatment to become a perpetrator in adulthood. This findings may be used as prognostic indicators of development of aggression in female forensic patients. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Kachaeva M, Semenova N, Shport S, Vasyanina V, Shishkina O, Skibina N, Nazarova L. Women’s mental health during the COVID 19 pandemic and the problem of domestic violence in a lockdown situation. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567265 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current situation caused by restrictive measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic provokes the high level of aggressiveness and all forms of domestic violence. These results in mental health problems. Objectives The purpose of this study was to find out the consequences of domestic violence against women and to identify psychological problems and mental disorders in women. Methods A cohort of 18 females was examined by psychiatrists and psychologists. All women turned to specialists at the Moscow Institute of Psychiatry for help. Results
All women were victims of violence by their husbands and partners. Lockdown situation associated with COVID 19 pandemic has exacerbated the problem of domestic violence. Clinical assessment has revealed different depressive symptoms, anxiety, fear, suicidal tendencies forming the clinical picture of adjustment disorder (2 cases), acute reaction to stress (3 cases), post-traumatic stress disorder (2 cases), depressive episode (8 cases), eating disorders behavior in the form of bulimia and anorexia (3 cases). Conclusions
The research has revealed that domestic abuse against women associated with lockdown situation during the COVID 19 pandemic often results in psychological and long-term mental health problems. In these cases, prevention is needed to combat violence against women with the participation of public health specialists, psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Nazarova L, Rafidi H, Mandikian D, Ferl GZ, Koerber JT, Davies CW, Ulufatu S, Ho J, Lau J, Yu SF, Ernst J, Sadowsky JD, Boswell CA. Effect of Modulating FcRn Binding on Direct and Pretargeted Tumor Uptake of Full-length Antibodies. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1052-1058. [PMID: 32024685 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Full-length antibodies lack ideal pharmacokinetic properties for rapid targeted imaging, prompting the pursuit of smaller peptides and fragments. Nevertheless, studying the disposition properties of antibody-based imaging agents can provide critical insight into the pharmacology of their therapeutic counterparts, particularly for those coupled with potent payloads. Here, we evaluate modulation of binding to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) as a protein engineering-based pharmacologic strategy to minimize the overall blood pool background with directly labeled antibodies and undesirable systemic click reaction of radiolabeled tetrazine with circulating pretargeted trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-modified antibodies. Noninvasive SPECT imaging of mice bearing HER2-expressing xenografts was performed both directly (111In-labeled antibody) and indirectly (pretargeted TCO-modified antibody followed by 111In-labeled tetrazine). Pharmacokinetic modulation of antibodies was achieved by two distinct methods: Fc engineering to reduce binding affinity to FcRn, and delayed administration of an antibody that competes with binding to FcRn. Tumor imaging with directly labeled antibodies was feasible in the absence of FcRn binding, rapidly attaining high tumor-to-blood ratios, but accompanied by moderate liver and spleen uptake. Pretargeted imaging of tumors with non-FcRn-binding antibody was also feasible, but systemic click reaction still occurred, albeit at lower levels than with parental antibody. Our findings demonstrate that FcRn binding impairment of full-length IgG antibodies moderately lowers tumor accumulation of radioactivity, and shifts background activity from blood pool to liver and spleen. Furthermore, reduction of FcRn binding did not eliminate systemic click reaction, but yielded greater improvements in tumor-to-blood ratio when imaging with directly labeled antibodies than with pretargeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Nazarova
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Hanine Rafidi
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Danielle Mandikian
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Gregory Z Ferl
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California.,Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - James T Koerber
- Antibody Engineering, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Christopher W Davies
- Antibody Engineering, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Sheila Ulufatu
- In Vivo Studies, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Jason Ho
- In Vivo Studies, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Jeffrey Lau
- Translational Oncology, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Shang-Fan Yu
- Translational Oncology, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - James Ernst
- Protein Chemistry, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - Jack D Sadowsky
- Protein Chemistry, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California
| | - C Andrew Boswell
- Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California.
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Mandikian D, Rafidi H, Adhikari P, Venkatraman P, Nazarova L, Fung G, Figueroa I, Ferl GZ, Ulufatu S, Ho J, McCaughey C, Lau J, Yu SF, Prabhu S, Sadowsky J, Boswell CA. Site-specific conjugation allows modulation of click reaction stoichiometry for pretargeted SPECT imaging. MAbs 2018; 10:1269-1280. [PMID: 30199303 PMCID: PMC6284555 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1521132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody pretargeting is a promising strategy for improving molecular imaging, wherein the separation in time of antibody targeting and radiolabeling can lead to rapid attainment of high contrast, potentially increased sensitivity, and reduced patient radiation exposure. The inverse electron demand Diels-Alder ‘click’ reaction between trans-cyclooctene (TCO) conjugated antibodies and radiolabeled tetrazines presents an ideal platform for pretargeted imaging due to rapid reaction kinetics, bioorthogonality, and potential for optimization of both slow and fast clearing components. Herein, we evaluated a series of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) pretargeting antibodies containing distinct molar ratios of site-specifically incorporated TCO. The effect of stoichiometry on tissue distribution was assessed for pretargeting TCO-modified antibodies (monitored by 125I) and subsequent accumulation of an 111In-labeled tetrazine in a therapeutically relevant HER2+tumor-bearing mouse model. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging was also employed to assess tumor imaging at various TCO-to-monoclonal antibody (mAb) ratios. Increasing TCO-to-mAb molar ratios correlated with increased in vivo click reaction efficiency evident by increased tumor distribution and systemic exposure of 111In-labeled tetrazines. The pharmacokinetics of TCO-modified antibodies did not vary with stoichiometry. Pretargeted SPECT imaging of HER2-expressing tumors using 111In-labeled tetrazine demonstrated robust click reaction with circulating antibody at ~2 hours and good tumor delineation for both the 2 and 6 TCO-to-mAb ratio variants at 24 hours, consistent with a limited cell-surface pool of pretargeted antibody and benefit from further distribution and internalization. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported systematic analysis of how pretargeted imaging is affected solely by variation in click reaction stoichiometry through site-specific conjugation chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Mandikian
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Hanine Rafidi
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Pragya Adhikari
- b Protein Chemistry , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Priya Venkatraman
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Lidia Nazarova
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Gabriel Fung
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Isabel Figueroa
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Gregory Z Ferl
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Sheila Ulufatu
- c In Vivo Studies , Genentech Research and Early Development , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Jason Ho
- c In Vivo Studies , Genentech Research and Early Development , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Cynthia McCaughey
- c In Vivo Studies , Genentech Research and Early Development , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Jeffrey Lau
- d Translational Oncology , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Shang-Fan Yu
- d Translational Oncology , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Saileta Prabhu
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - Jack Sadowsky
- b Protein Chemistry , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | - C Andrew Boswell
- a Preclinical and Translational Pharmacokinetics , Genentech Inc ., South San Francisco , CA , USA
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Danilko K, Nazarova L, Tselousova O, Karimov D, Malievskiy V, Viktorova T. AB0020 The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Gene Polymorphism in Susceptibility to Juvenile Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Geller J, Nazarova L, Katargina O, Golovljova I. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato prevalence in tick populations in Estonia. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:202. [PMID: 23837798 PMCID: PMC3716901 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estonia is located in a unique area of co-distribution of Ixodes ricinus and I. persulcatus, which are the main tick vectors of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. In the last decade, the incidence rate of Lyme borreliosis in Estonia has increased dramatically up to 115.4 per 100,000 in 2012. Here we present the first survey of the presence, the prevalence and genetic characteristics of B. burgdorferi s.l. complex spirochetes in the tick population in Estonia. Methods During the years 2006–2009, 2833 unfed Ixodes ricinus and I. persulcatus were collected from 43 sites in 7 counties in mainland Estonia as well as in 10 sites on the Saaremaa Island. DNA samples from ticks were analyzed individually using nested PCR of the ribosomal 5S-23S spacer region followed by bidirectional sequencing. Results The overall estimated prevalence of B. burgdorferi s.l was 9.7% and varied from 4.9% to 24.2% on the mainland and to 10.7% in Saaremaa Island. Ixodes persulcatus ticks showed significantly higher prevalence rates compared to that in I. ricinus-16.3% and 8.2%, respectively. The most prevalent genospecies was B. afzelii which was detected in 53.5% of Borrelia-positive ticks, followed by B. garinii and B. valaisiana with 26.2% and 5.5%, respectively. Also, B. bavariensis and B. burgdorferi s.s. DNA in single I. ricinus ticks were detected. Borrelia afzelii, B. garinii and B. valaisiana were detected in both tick species. Two genetic subgroups of B. garinii (NT29 and 20047) and two genetic subgroups of B. afzelii (NT28 and VS461) were found to be circulating in all studied regions as well as in both tick species, except B. garinii subgroup NT29, which was found only in I. persulcatus ticks. Conclusions In the current study we detected the circulation of five B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies and estimated the prevalence in ticks in different regions of Estonia. Detection and genetic characterization of Borrelia genospecies, especially those of public health importance, in the natural foci may help assessing high risk areas of human exposure to B. burgdorferi s.l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Geller
- Department of Virology, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
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Malievsky V, Victorova T, Danilko K, Nazarova L. AB0253 The association of the IL1B and TNFα gene polymorphism with juvenile arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Malievsky VA, Viktorova TV, Danilko KV, Nazarova L. AB0019 A genetic association between juvenile idiopathic arthritis and the il10 polymorphism. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Geller J, Nazarova L, Katargina O, Leivits A, Järvekülg L, Golovljova I. Tick-borne pathogens in ticks feeding on migratory passerines in Western part of Estonia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2013; 13:443-8. [PMID: 23590318 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2012.1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During southward migration in the years 2006-2009, 178 migratory passerines of 24 bird species infested with ticks were captured at bird stations in Western Estonia. In total, 249 nymphal ticks were removed and analyzed individually for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The majority of ticks were collected from Acrocephalus (58%), Turdus (13%), Sylvia (8%), and Parus (6%) bird species. Tick-borne pathogens were detected in nymphs removed from Acrocephalus, Turdus, and Parus bird species. TBEV of the European subtype was detected in 1 I. ricinus nymph removed from A. palustris. B. burgdorferi s.l. DNA was found in 11 ticks (4.4%) collected from Turdus and Parus species. Bird-associated B. garinii and B. valaisiana were detected in I. ricinus nymphs removed from T. merula. Rodent-associated B. afzelii was detected in 3 I. ricinus nymphs from 2 P. major birds. One of the B. afzelii-positive nymphs was infected with a mix of 2 B. afzelii strains, whereas 1 of these strains was also detected in another nymph feeding on the same great tit. The sharing of the same B. afzelii strain by 2 nymphs indicates a possible transmission of B. afzelii by co-feeding on a bird. A. phagocytophilum DNA was detected in 1 I. ricinus nymph feeding on a T. iliacus. The results of the study confirm the possible role of migratory birds in the dispersal of ticks infected with tick-borne pathogens along the southward migration route via Estonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Geller
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
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Geller J, Nazarova L, Katargina O, Järvekülg L, Fomenko N, Golovljova I. Detection and genetic characterization of relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia miyamotoi in Estonian ticks. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51914. [PMID: 23251652 PMCID: PMC3522604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
During the years 2008–2010 I. ricinus and I. persulcatus ticks were collected from 64 sites in mainland Estonia and on the island Saaremaa. Presence of B. miyamotoi was found in 0.9% (23/2622) of ticks. The prevalence in I. persulcatus and I. ricinus ticks differed significantly, 2.7% (15/561) and 0.4% (8/2061), respectively. The highest prevalence rates were in found South-Eastern Estonia in an area of I. persulcatus and I. ricinus sympatry and varied from 1.4% (1/73) to 2.8% (5/178). Co-infections with B. burgdorferi s.l. group spirochetes and tick-borne encephalitis virus were also revealed. Genetic characterization of partial 16S rRNA, p66 and glpQ genes demonstrated that Estonian sequences belong to two types of B. miyamotoi and cluster with sequences from Europe and the European part of Russia, as well as with sequences from Siberia, Asia and Japan, here designated as European and Asian types, respectively. Estonian sequences of the European type were obtained from I. ricinus ticks only, whereas the Asian type of B. miyamotoi was shown for both tick species in the sympatric regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Geller
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
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Grass V, Istomin P, Nazarova L. X-ray diffraction refinement of the crystal structure of anosovite prepared from leucoxene. Cryst Res Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.200800213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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