A novel A-isoform-like inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase from chicken erythrocytes exhibits alternative splicing and conservation of intron positions between vertebrates and invertebrates

Based on the partial peptide sequence of inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate 3-kinase purified with 135 000-fold enrichment from chicken erythrocytes, cDNA-fragments were cloned by RT-PCR using degenerate oligonucleotides. Subsequent hybridization screening of an embryonic chicken cDNA library and 5'-RACE yielded a cDNA-contig of 2418 bp, encoding a 452 amino acid protein. The amino acid sequence shows the highest degree of homology with A-isoforms of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase (65% identities), whereas homology towards B and C isoforms was lower (57% and 52% amino acid identities respectively). These findings reveal a new tissue-specific pattern of A-isoform expression, a form which so far has only been found in brain and testes. Two overlapping lambda-genomic clones for chicken inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase, isolated by hybridization screening, covered 18 499 bp of genomic sequence. This contig included four exons: three of them were present in all cDNA clones, whereas one was only represented in a single cDNA clone. In addition, the sequence of the latter differed from the other cDNAs by an in-frame deletion of 72 bp within the coding region for the catalytic domain of the enzyme. This divergent cDNA suggests the existence of alternative splice products, at least in embryonic tissue.A comparison of the position of introns, with the respective introns known from the corresponding gene from Caenorhabditis elegans, revealed a high degree of conservation of intron positions between vertebrates and invertebrates. Functional data for the enzyme suggests that the conserved exons represent defined functional protein modules.

Thiazolylidene-ketonitriles are efficient inhibitors of electron transport in reaction centers from photosynthetic bacteria

Thiazolylidene-ketonitriles are efficient inhibitors of photosynthetic electron flow in reaction centers from either Rhodobacter sphaeroides or Rhodobacter capsulatus. Some compounds of this class exhibit a higher inhibitor potency in the bacterial system as compared to photosystem II. Up to now, photosystem II inhibitors were generally less active in photosynthetic bacteria. An azido-thiazolylidene-ketonitrile upon illumination almost exclusively tags the L-subunit in the bacterial reaction center.