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Preusting LC, Raadsen MP, Abourashed A, Voeten HACM, Wagener MN, de Wit E, van Gorp ECM, Doornekamp L. COVID-19 related stigma and health-protective behaviours among adolescents in the Netherlands: An explorative study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253342. [PMID: 34157046 PMCID: PMC8219143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many governments to impose social distancing measures upon its citizens, including in the Netherlands. Motivating adolescents to adhere to measures such as social distancing can be challenging, since adolescents are relatively more affected by them, while experiencing virtually no personal health benefit. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic seems to impact the social environment of adolescents in schools, as some media sources have reported bullying and stigmatisation of students with an Asian appearance. This study aims to explore the experiences of adolescents regarding their Health-Protective Behaviour (HPB), as well as the prevalence and expression of stigma towards ethnic minorities within the context of the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. We performed a cross-sectional mixed-methods study, including two independent online questionnaires. An adapted version of the "HPB" questionnaire (n = 528) and the "Measure of Disease-Related Stigma (MDRS)" questionnaire (n = 380), were administered to Dutch adolescents of 10-16 years old, attending primary or secondary school. Furthermore, 15 interviews were held with eight male and seven female adolescents. All data collection took place between March 17 and April 20, 2020. Results show that adolescents perceive COVID-19 as a threat to other peoples' health, rather than their own, and report adherence to public health measures in the interest of older and more vulnerable members of their community. We found no convincing evidence for widespread misinformation or stigmatising of certain ethnic groups among adolescents related to COVID-19 during this study. Participants acknowledged such behaviour happened in the early stages of the pandemic, before this study was initiated. Adolescents are a vital group for public health researchers to engage with during a pandemic, even when reaching them can be challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. C. Preusting
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - M. P. Raadsen
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A. Abourashed
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H. A. C. M. Voeten
- Municipal Public Health Service Rotterdam-Rijnmond, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M. N. Wagener
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Science, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. de Wit
- Athena Institute for Research on Communication and Innovation in Life and Health Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E. C. M. van Gorp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L. Doornekamp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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van Opstal SEM, van der Zwan JS, Wagener MN, Been SK, Miedema HS, Roelofs PDDM, van Gorp ECM. Correction to: Late Presentation of HIV Infection in the Netherlands: Reasons for Late Diagnoses and Impact on Vocational Functioning. AIDS Behav 2020; 24:356. [PMID: 30143912 PMCID: PMC6954152 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2253-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S E M van Opstal
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J S van der Zwan
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M N Wagener
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S K Been
- Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H S Miedema
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P D D M Roelofs
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E C M van Gorp
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Doornekamp L, de Jong W, Wagener MN, Goeijenbier M, van Gorp ECM. Dutch healthcare professionals' opinion on vaccination and education to prevent infections in immunocompromised patients: A mixed-method study with recommendations for daily practice. Vaccine 2019; 37:1476-1483. [PMID: 30739793 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fast-growing population of immunocompromised patients (ICP) is more vulnerable to infectious diseases, demanding strategies to protect them. These strategies seem inconsistent in available guidelines and in practices. We aim to evaluate healthcare professionals' (HCP) opinions on vaccination to reduce the number and severity of infections in ICP. METHODS A mixed-method study, with an exploratory sequential design, was performed. Medical specialists from various departments in a tertiary care center in the Netherlands were invited for semi-structured interviews to explore their perspective on preventive care of ICP. Topics that play a substantial role in daily practice for ICP were translated into a survey to gain insight into what extent opinions were generalizable to Erasmus Medical Center. RESULTS Surveys were completed by 689 HCP (43% of the invitees), 269 of them treated at least two ICP weekly on average and were considered eligible for further analysis. Quantitative data showed that according to 80 percent of HCP, preventive care for ICP can be improved. Education was chosen by 40 percent as the most important intervention to reduce the number and severity of infections. Vaccinations were valued as important by seventeen percent of HCP. Except for influenza, vaccinations were not regularly discussed during routine consultations. Difficulties to administer vaccinations were experienced by 75 percent of HCP. CONCLUSION According to our respondents, education is the most promising intervention to reduce the number and severity of infections in ICP. To reach a higher vaccine uptake, we recommend HCP to address vaccinations more frequently during consultations and to search for solutions to alleviate barriers to vaccinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Doornekamp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - W de Jong
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - M N Wagener
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Science, the Netherlands
| | - M Goeijenbier
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - E C M van Gorp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Wagener MN, van Opstal SEM, Miedema HS, van Gorp ECM, Roelofs PDDM. Work-related stigma and disclosure: A daily challenge for people living with HIV. Work 2018; 58:537-548. [PMID: 29254135 DOI: 10.3233/wor-172650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigma and disclosure are important work-related issues for people living with HIV (PLWH). To gain better understanding and improve the position of PLWH in the labor market, further insight in these issues is needed. OBJECTIVE This study reviews the scientific evidence related to work-related stigma and disclosure. METHODS A sensitive literature search was performed in the databases of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Cinahl and Psychinfo for articles published between 1996 and 2016. All studies on PLWH in western countries and investigating disclosure or stigma in relation to work were included. RESULTS Of the 866 identified studies, 19 met the inclusion criteria: 4 addressed both disclosure and stigma (2 quantitative), 9 addressed only disclosure (4 quantitative) and 7 studies addressed only stigma (4 quantitative). CONCLUSION This review provides a unique overview of the research on work-related disclosure and stigma, which will enable health care providers to support PWLH to make well-considered decisions. However, the available literature was heterogeneous and in most studies the topics of our interest were secondary outcomes and provided only basic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Wagener
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Science, The Netherlands
| | - S E M van Opstal
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Science, The Netherlands
| | - H S Miedema
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Science, The Netherlands
| | - E C M van Gorp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P D D M Roelofs
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Science, The Netherlands
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van Opstal SEM, van der Zwan JS, Wagener MN, Been SK, Miedema HS, Roelofs PDDM, van Gorp ECM. Late Presentation of HIV Infection in the Netherlands: Reasons for Late Diagnoses and Impact on Vocational Functioning. AIDS Behav 2018; 22:2593-2603. [PMID: 29550940 PMCID: PMC6097719 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-018-2082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Late diagnosis of HIV remains a major challenge in the HIV epidemic. In Europe, about 50% of all people living with HIV are diagnosed late after infection has occurred. Insight into the reasons for late diagnoses is necessary to increase the number of early diagnoses and optimize treatment options. This qualitative study explored the experiences of 34 late-presenters through in-depth semi-structured interviews. A variety of reasons for late diagnoses emerged from our data and led to a division into four groups, characterized by two dimensions. Regarding vocational functioning, the consequences of late diagnoses were health-related problems prior to and since diagnosis, and problems concealing the HIV status. Healthcare providers should offer HIV tests to groups at risk, and be alert for clinical HIV indicator conditions. It is recommended to increase awareness of HIV transmission routes, symptoms and tests, and the benefits of early testing and early entry to HIV care.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E M van Opstal
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - J S van der Zwan
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M N Wagener
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S K Been
- Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H S Miedema
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P D D M Roelofs
- Center of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rochussenstraat 198, 3015 EK, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E C M van Gorp
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Wagener MN, van Opstal SEM, Miedema HS, Brandjes DPM, Dahmen R, van Gorp ECM, Roelofs PDDM. Employment-related concerns of HIV-positive people in the Netherlands: input for a multidisciplinary guideline. J Occup Rehabil 2014; 24:790-797. [PMID: 24806772 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-014-9510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Finding and keeping employment is difficult for people with HIV. To improve supportive care for people with HIV and employment-related problems, a multidisciplinary guideline was developed in the Netherlands in 2010/2011. To identify the employment-related concerns of people with HIV and to formulate the key questions for the guideline, we conducted a qualitative study. The results of this study are described in this article. METHODS This study was performed in three HIV-treatment centers in the Netherlands. In total 18 participants participated in three focus-group interviews and nine participants were interviewed individually. The data were transcribed ad verbatim and were analyzed according to the principle of constant comparison. RESULTS Our findings indicate that people with HIV in the Netherlands face many work-related concerns. The themes which emerged from this study were disclosure, stigma and discrimination, knowledge about HIV, physical and psychological factors, working conditions, absenteeism, reintegration, and dismissal and counselling. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insight into employment-related concerns for people with HIV living in a Western country. It formed the basis for the key questions which were addressed in a multidisciplinary, evidence-based guideline "HIV and work". Finally, it gives leads for further scientific research and opportunities for improving the vocational guidance of people with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Wagener
- Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 25035, 3001 HA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
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