The importance of personal attitude toward Health issues: the Covid 19 Vaccination attitude

 

The project realize an idea from students of Scientific High school involved in a multidisciplinary path focused on “ONE HEALTH” approach and “ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION” After skill buildings webinars the students decided to build a survey in order to

Raise awareness about how any individual behavior Underline the importance of information, even scientific, in order to take appropriate choices. Build confidence in the effectiveness of the vaccination interventions against COVID 19

 

The project has been done by the students on the basis of multimedia digital tools, exploiting some IT tools like Google forms, PPTs, Spreadsheet, Excel. Students carried out an online survey addressed to a sample of the adult population among students' friends. Observational questionnaire asked the participants their sharing about some issues or the ticking of one or more options from a list of default answers. The survey involved a sample of people between 500 and 1000 units from April 15th to May 30th 2021.After the collection, all the data have been processed through tables and graphs according to the following macro-themes:

Boundaries against vaccines Use of personal protective equipment The most feared pandemic risks and their environmental implications

The outcome of the survey mainly highlights the population ‘attitude to get vaccine together with the awareness of the necessity of herd immunity achievement, to overcome this pandemic. Students stand point is that personal attitude toward prevention and personal behavior may have impact either on health or into environmental goals.

A green sustainable architectural model for the suburbs

The Goal 11 <<make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable >> is crucial in the increasing Europe urbanization context. By altering cities and the surrounding countryside, urban growth is having several consequences on ecosystem and human health. The urban density alludes to the idea of the cities as a ‘sick bodies', now reemerging because of the recent climatic and health crises. This concept should be contrasted with the idea of the ‘city as a cure', that can limit the consumption of soil and energy, reducing our ecological burden on the environment. Recently, in Europe many urban development projects have been implemented according to sustainability principles as the Eindhoven demonstration case where, a central square was transformed into a small green oasis. Reforesting, even at the cost of demolishing to create large avenues for green area, is essential for air quality and for intervening on the climate. To intervene on abandoned urban canals by creating new waterways may redevelop entire areas and affect traffic and temperature. To contain the negative impact of the built space on the environment is in fact aimed at increasing the green space. However, recent studies demonstrate the criticalities of the fragmentation of landscapeto analyze the link between urban form and landscape heterogeneity to establish renewed relationships between the forms of architecture and the natural void and to devise urban projects to control building density and population. In particular, to develop models for redeveloping the suburbs by building new urban parts from scratch, with a view to urban polycentrism. The recomposition of ecological corridors and of the municipal, provincial and regional environmental network may connect to the great ‘green lungs' of natural parks and to areas with a high degree of naturalness in a progressive succession of habitats to mitigate ever new forms of overall mutations of natural and anthropised environments.

Prognostic and Predictive biomarkers in a Mediterranean cohort (Review from Atena Project)

Background

Atena project involved 5,062 women aged 30 to 69 years living in the area of Naples. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of those chronic diseases that have a major impact on the female population. As a part of the design (scheduled in 2002-2004). After 10 years, in 228 women, some biochemical measurements were performed.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis biomarkers were evaluated in studies nested into the Atena cohort. Studies were searched using MEDLINE/PubMed. The search was performed by entering individually or in combination: Atena, Mediterranean woman, biomarkers. The preferred reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were used for the review. Studies selected for this review are conducted in the Atena project Cohort and reported the study of biomarkers. Disagreements on data extractions between the two investigators were solved by consensus. The extracted data were entered and analyzed using REVMAN software. The original articles were described using forest plot and table. Heterogeneity was computed by Cochran’s Q test.

Results

The search strategy retrieved 13 potential articles, 11 were screened as full text articles and 6 were included in the pooled estimates. Among the articles included, biomarkers chosen as predictors were Lipids, Hcrp, as prognostic where predictive of IMT; and cycle length and LPa as predictive of an augmented LDL cholesterol mean. According to the comparability of data presented, for the first comparison we selected 3 of the 5 studies that assed IMT, for the second we selected 2 of the three studies that analyzed for LDL mean. Results were shown into forrest plots. The pooled estimates verified the potential of biomarkers as predictor of IMT, the significance seemed lower for prediction of LDL cholesterol.

Conclusions

Both results, consistent with the multifactor profile of the CV risk, identify the impact of secondary prevention according to biochemical profiles.

Key messages

Biomarkers studied in nested cohort stufies have predictive potential. pooled estimates may identify the impact of secondary prevention according to biochemical profiles.

Show your rare, handle with care: a knowledge brokers network to handle rare disease patients

Background

In Rare diseases patients. difficult in diagnosis can produce inappropriate pathways of care. A correct diagnosis took almost 5 years in Europe and 7.3-7.6 y in US. The directive 2011/24/EU provides a legal regulatory asset for the European Reference Networks (ERNs). ERNs are designed to connect health care providers and centers of expertise for gaining appropriate pathways of high-quality care and to support sponsorship in order to make healthcare closer to the patients. Federico II University actually has 9 confirmed ERNs.

Methods

We connected the patient related activities inside the ERNs and we planned a project-based network that creates harmonization of diagnostic tools and widespread diffusion of screening activity able to drive diagnostic enrichment. The Hospital Chief Office together with the Public Health Department acts as “Knowledge brokers” (KB) defined as connectors who may crisscross the hierarchical boundaries. We scheduled interventions into the ERNs and future improvements. Interventions areas have been represented in a conceptual map.

Results

Brokers into the network are attended to allow better merged innovation rate and sharing data. Improvements could be directed toward: 1) sharing data and communication, 2) diagnostic enrichment 3) hospital services networking into the path. Including this model in the regional pathways may build a common platform to support appropriate care in disease-endemic regions.

The designed model finally aimed at define how humanization and networking of care can be measured as gain in efficiency along the overall path.

Conclusions

Network potential may overload a simply specific hub focused approach. The “criss cross” knowledge brokering (could be a strategy able to support clinical and diagnostic activities. To proceed over, in orphan disease handling, we may progress from approaches centered on florid cases toward a balanced screening design, able to guarantee a diagnostic enrichment for a rare condition.

Key messages

Implicit and formal Networking cam help rare disease handling. Sharing data and diagnostic enrichment are the main issues.