1
|
Quaresma MAG, Dos Santos FA, Roseiro LC, Ribeiro AP, Ferreira JD, Alves SP, Bessa RJB. Nutritional value of meat lipid fraction obtained from mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) reared in semiextensive conditions for hunting purposes. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103290. [PMID: 38100942 PMCID: PMC10762460 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The mallard duck or wild duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is the world's most widespread and numerous dabbling duck, being traditionally hunted across many countries in Europe and North America. This study aims to provide a detailed characterization of mallard duck's meat lipid fraction obtained from farmed specimens, reared for hunting purposes, under semiextensive conditions. The mallard's duck meat total lipid content averaged 2.0 and 4.26 g/100 g of fresh meat in breast and leg meat portions, and its meat comprised 23 individual fatty acids (FA) and 3 dimethylacetals (DMA), independently of the sex or meat portion. The oleic (C18:1 cis-9), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), linoleic (C18:2n-6), arachidonic (C20:4n-6), palmitoleic (C16:1 cis-9), and cis-vaccenic (C18:1 cis-11) acids were the predominant FA (representing >1% of total fatty acids in both breast and leg meat portions and independently of the sex), and together, these 7 fatty acids were accountable for 92.4 to 96.5% of total FA plus DMA in mallard duck meat. The monounsaturated, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were accountable for 40.4, 35.0, and 21.0% of total FA plus DMA in breast and 54.6, 38.7, and 5.7% of total fatty acids in leg, while total DMA were liable for 3.6 and 0.9% of total FA plus DMA in breast and leg, respectively. The mallard duck meat total cholesterol content averaged 49.8 and 57.1 mg/100 g of fresh meat for breast and leg meat portions. Five tocochromanols were quantified in mallard duck meat, affording it with a total vitamin E content of 5.48 and 3.63 µg/g of fresh meat in breast and leg portions. The sex had no influence (P > 0.05) on mallard's duck meat lipid composition, but meat portion had a strong influence on mallard's duck meat lipid composition, influencing total lipid, total cholesterol, total vitamin E contents, FA partial sums, FA ratios (exception made for the n-6/n-3 ratio), and all nutritional lipid indices. The breast meat presented lower total lipid and total cholesterol contents, better FA ratios and nutritional quality indices and higher vitamin E content, being regarded as a healthier meat than leg. The study presented herein shows that mallard duck production in semiextensive conditions, similar to those used herein, could be used for the production of mallard duck beyond hunting. A production of duck's meat under natural or organic production practices, oriented to a market niche within the gourmet/organic markets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A G Quaresma
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - F Abade Dos Santos
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L C Roseiro
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal; GeoBioTec - Geobiosciences, Geoengineering e Geobiotechnologies, NOVA School of Science and Technology, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - A P Ribeiro
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J D Ferreira
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S P Alves
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R J B Bessa
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; AL4AnimalS - Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Quaresma MAG, Pereira G, Nunes ML, Sponda C, Jardim A, Gonçalves H, Santos C, Roseiro LC. Evaluating dried salted cod amino acid signature for nutritional quality assessment and discriminant analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1144713. [PMID: 37125032 PMCID: PMC10140297 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1144713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Thus, the aim of this study was to answer three scientific questions: (1) Are the protein content and amino acid profile of dried salted cod influenced by species (Gadus morhua and Gadus macrocephalus)? (2) Are the protein content and amino acid profile of dried salted cod influenced by the geographical area of capture (Iceland and Norway)? and (3) Does the amino acid profile have the potential to be used as a discriminator of species and geographical areas of capture? Methods A total of 45 dried salted cods (2-3 kg of dry weight; n = 15 samples/origin) were used in this study. The Atlantic cod was fished in the Atlantic northeast (FAO 27 area) within the Exclusive Economic zones (EEZ) of Norway (n = 15) and Iceland (n = 15), while the Pacific cod was caught in the Pacific northeast (FAO 67 area) within the Alaska EEZ (n = 15). Total protein content was determined by the Kjeldahl method, in accordance with the AOAC procedures. The amino acid profile was analyzed by HPLC with fluorescence detection (at excitation and emission wavelengths of 338 and 425 nm, respectively). Results The Atlantic cod presented higher contents of total protein (33.90 versus 33.10 g/100 g of cod edible portion; p = 0.017) and total amino acid contents (32.52 versus 32.04 g/100 g of cod edible portion; p = 0.015) but displayed lower percentage of indispensable amino acids (32.16 versus 32.83 g/100 g of protein; p < 0.001) than Pacific cod. Among the Atlantic cod harvesting locations, the Norwegian cod displayed higher total amino acid contents (96.91 versus 96.81 g/100 g of protein; p = 0.012) and higher percentage of indispensable amino acids (35.38 versus 28.94 g/100 g of protein; p = 0.042) than the Icelandic counterpart. A correct classification of 100% was obtained for the Pacific and Icelandic cod varieties, but the classification accuracy in the Norwegian cod was of just 86.67%, since 2 samples out of 15 were incorrectly classified as Icelandic. Conclusion The comparison of cod species showed that the Atlantic cod had a significantly lower EAAI than the Pacific cod (p < 0.001; 88.23 versus 88.61). On the other hand, the comparison of the two origins in the Atlantic cod, showed that Norwegian cod displayed a significantly higher EAAI than the Icelandic cod (99.15 versus 77.32). The assessment of the EAAI allows the classification of the protein's nutritional quality, allowing us to classify both cod species as a good protein source to human diet. However, within the Atlantic cod, the Norwegian cod's protein is classified as high quality, while the Icelandic cod attain the classification of useful quality. Regarding the amino acid profile discriminatory potential to classify cod samples. The results show that the AA profile has 100% accuracy in the separation of cod species, but was not globally efficient in the differentiation of the Norwegian from the Icelandic cod.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. G. Quaresma
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal
- *Correspondence: M. A. G. Quaresma,
| | - G. Pereira
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M. L. Nunes
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - C. Sponda
- CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- AL4AnimalS—Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. Jardim
- Food and Veterinary Department of Setúbal, General Directorate of Food and Veterinary (DGAV), Setúbal, Portugal
| | - H. Gonçalves
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C. Santos
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - L. C. Roseiro
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Quaresma MAG, Antunes IC, Ferreira BG, Parada A, Elias A, Barros M, Santos C, Partidário A, Mourato M, Roseiro LC. The composition of the lipid, protein and mineral fractions of quail breast meat obtained from wild and farmed specimens of Common quail (Coturnix coturnix) and farmed Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica domestica). Poult Sci 2021; 101:101505. [PMID: 34818612 PMCID: PMC8626699 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was intended to answer 2 scientific hypotheses: 1) the quail species has a significant influence in quail breast meat composition; 2) the wild quail's meat presents healthier composition than their farmed counterparts. An analysis of the pectoral muscles of wild and captive common quails (Coturnix coturnix) and domestic quails (Coturnix japonica domestica) was performed. The content of fatty acids (FA), amino acids, total cholesterol, and vitamin E, some basic macro- and microminerals in the pectoral muscles of the 2 species of the genus Coturnix were analyzed. Regarding the quail species influence on meat composition, Japanese Quail (JQ) revealed better lipid composition, characterized by lower saturated FA (SFA; less 3.17 g/100 g of total fatty acids), higher polyunsaturated FA contents (PUFA; more 5.5 g/100 g of total fatty acids) and healthier polyunsaturated FA/saturated FA (P/S) and n-6/n-3 ratios and TI value (1.08, 9.54 and 0.60 vs. 0.76, 12.58, and 0.75, correspondingly). The absence of differences observed on amino acids partial sums and ratios reveals equality between species on protein nutritional quality. On the other hand, Common Quail (CQ) proved to be a better source of copper (0.181 mg/100 g of meat), iron (2.757 mg/100 g of meat), manganese (0.020 mg/100 g of meat), and zinc (0.093 mg/100 g of meat) than JQ. The comparison of farmed and wild specimens within CQ, showed that wild birds presented lower total cholesterol (less 8.32 mg/g of fresh meat) and total PUFA (less 4.26 g/100 g of total fatty acids), and higher n-3 PUFA contents (more 1.53 g/100 g of total fatty acids), which contributed to healthier P/S and n-6/n-3 ratios, but worst PI (1.60, 8.08, and 113.1 vs. 0.76, 12.58, and 100.8, respectively). The wild species revealed higher α-tocopherol content (2.40 vs. 1.49 µg/g of fresh meat. Differences observed on their mineral composition counterbalance each other. Under intensive production system and similar feeding and management conditions, the CQ develops better nutritional qualities than JQ. The comparison of wild and farmed species within CQ reveals more similarities than differences. Quail´s meat presents good nutritional quality and introduces variability to human's diet, which is much valued by consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A G Quaresma
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Lisbon, 1300-477 Portugal.
| | - I C Antunes
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Lisbon, 1300-477 Portugal
| | - B Gil Ferreira
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Lisbon, 1300-477 Portugal; LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017 Portugal
| | - A Parada
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Lisbon, 1300-477 Portugal
| | - A Elias
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017 Portugal
| | - M Barros
- INTERAVES - Sociedade Agro-Pecuária, Abrigada, 2580-067 Portugal
| | - C Santos
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A Partidário
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Mourato
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349-017 Portugal
| | - L C Roseiro
- Food Technology and Safety Division, National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV, IP), Oeiras, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Antunes IC, Quaresma MAG, Ribeiro MF, Alves SP, Martins da Costa P, Bessa RJB. Effect of immunocastration and caponization on fatty acid composition of male chicken meat. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2823-2829. [PMID: 30953066 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, immunocastration with Improvac (ImmC). has been tested in broilers and a considerable reduction in serum testosterone concentration (reduced by 79% compared to roosters) was observed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immunocastration on meat fatty acid (FA) composition and its comparison with caponized and intact males (roosters). The study was conducted with 3 experimental groups: control group (roosters), the group of birds submitted to surgical caponization (SurgC), and the group of birds submitted to immunocastration with Improvac. The comparison of breast meat partial FA sums of castrated (SurgC and ImmC) with control birds (roosters) revealed that castrated birds showed significantly higher content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) than control birds (1.76 vs. 1.46 g/100 g of total FA; superiority of 20.2%), which has contributed to the occurrence of significant differences on both the n-6/n-3 ratio and the atherogenicity index (AI). In contrast, on leg meat portion, castrated birds displayed higher contents of both total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (SFA and MUFA, with 2.2 and 4.1% more, respectively) and lower total n-6 PUFA content (8.3% less) than was observed in control birds, which contributed to significant differences in the AI index. On the other hand, the comparison of breast meat portion from SurgC with ImmC showed that immunocastration contributed to lower total SFA and higher total n-6 PUFA, which have contributed to significant differences on both Polyunsaturated/Saturated (P/S) and n-6/n-3 ratios. Whereas, on leg meat portion no significant differences were observed on partial sums and a single difference was observed on the thrombogenicity index. Immunocastration of broilers has contributed to minor changes in the FA profile, but has improved the overall lipid quality indexes in both breast and leg meat portions. Therefore, immunocastration could be applied as an alternative method to caponization without negative consequences in meat FA profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I C Antunes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M A G Quaresma
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M F Ribeiro
- Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Quinta do Galinheiro - S. Pedro, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
| | - S P Alves
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Martins da Costa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Largo Prof Abel Salazar 2, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal
| | - R J B Bessa
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Pólo Universitário Alto da Ajuda, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Antunes IC, Ribeiro MF, Pimentel FB, Alves SP, Oliveira MBPP, Bessa RJB, Quaresma MAG. Lipid profile and quality indices of ostrich meat and giblets. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1073-1081. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|