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Nahar Z, Monisha ST, Qusar MMAS, Islam MR. Evaluation of serum interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist levels in major depressive disorder: A case‐control study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1175. [PMID: 37008817 PMCID: PMC10050969 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by the occurrence of one or more depressive episodes lasting a minimum of 2 weeks and is marked by a persistently low mood and a lack of enjoyment in daily activities. The diagnosis of MDD is not possible by a well‐established laboratory test or biomarker. A wide range of potential biomarkers for depression have been proposed by many studies, but none of them has adequately described the correlation between the biomarkers and depression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RA) levels as an early depression risk factor. Methods The present case‐control study included 88 participants. Among them, 44 MDD patients enrolled from the psychiatry department of a public hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and 44 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs) from various sites in Dhaka city. A qualified psychiatrist evaluated the cases and HCs based on the fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM‐5). The Hamilton depression (Ham‐D) rating scale was employed to evaluate the intensity of depression. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit (Boster Bio, USA) was used to determine serum IL‐1RA concentrations. Results We observed no marked alteration in the serum concentration of IL‐1RA in MDD patients in comparison to HCs (292.81 ± 24.81 and 288 ± 24.87 pg/mL; p > 0.05). Among MDD patients, we found no noteworthy association between the severity of depression and serum IL‐1RA levels. Conclusion The findings of the present study imply that IL‐1RA may not be identified as a promising biomarker for risk assessment of depression. However, its neuroprotective role may be taken into consideration for the understanding of pathophysiology of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabun Nahar
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
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Supti KF, Asaduzzaman M, Suhee FI, Shahriar M, Islam SMA, Bhuiyan MA, Qusar MMAS, Islam MR. Elevated Serum Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Levels are Associated With Major Depressive Disorder. Clin Pathol 2023; 16:2632010X231220841. [PMID: 38144435 PMCID: PMC10748934 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x231220841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have suggested the involvement of an activated inflammatory process in major depressive disorder (MDD), as altered expression of inflammatory cytokines is observed in depression. This alteration can be the cause or a consequence of MDD. However, acknowledging inflammatory cytokines as prospective biomarkers would aid in diagnosing or guiding better therapeutic options. Therefore, we designed this study to assess the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in depression. Method We collected blood samples from 115 MDD patients and 113 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age and sex. MDD patients were diagnosed by a qualified psychiatrist based on the symptoms mentioned in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). We applied the Hamilton depression (Ham-D) rating scale to assess the severity of depression. We assessed serum levels of MIF using ELISA kit (Boster Bio, USA). Result We detected increased serum MIF levels in MDD patients compared to HCs (6.15 ± 0.23 ng/mL vs 3.95 ± 0.21 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Moreover, this increase is more among female patients than female controls. Also, we noticed a positive correlation between altered MIF levels and the Ham-D scores (r = 0.233; P = 0.012), where we found that patients who scored higher on the Ham-D scale had higher MIF levels in serum. Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve represented the good diagnostic performance of altered serum MIF. Conclusion Our study findings indicate the association of pro-inflammatory cytokine MIF in the pathophysiology of depression as we identified elevated serum MIF levels in depressive patients compared to HCs. However, more researches are required to confirm whether this alteration of cytokine is the causative factor or a consequence of depression. We recommend conducting further studies to understand the pattern of this alteration of MIF levels in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md. Asaduzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - MMA Shalahuddin Qusar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbagh, Ramna, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Nahar Z, Sal‐Sabil N, Sohan M, Qusar MMAS, Islam MR. Higher serum interleukin-12 levels are associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: A case-control study results. Health Sci Rep 2022; 6:e1005. [PMID: 36582626 PMCID: PMC9789678 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the fourth biggest health-related concern that dramatically impacts individuals' mental and physical health. Alteration of serum proinflammatory cytokine levels may take part in the development and progression of MDD. We aimed to explore and compare the role of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and its involvement with the disease severity. Methods The present study included 85 patients and 87 age-sex matched HCs. A qualified psychiatrist utilized the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) criteria to diagnose patients and evaluate HCs. We applied the Ham-D rating scale to measure the severity of depression. Serum IL-12 levels were measured using ELISA kits. Results We observed a notable increase in the serum levels of IL-12 in MDD patients compared to HCs (164.27 ± 10.18 pg/ml and 82.55 ± 4.40 pg/ml; p < 0.001). Moreover, we noticed a positive correlation between serum IL-12 levels and Ham-D scores in MDD patients (r = 0.363; p = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed a good predictive performance (AUC = 0.871; p < 0.001) at the cut-off point of 53.46 pg/ml for serum IL-12. Conclusion The current study findings support that IL-12 levels are involved with the pathogenesis and inflammatory process in MDD. At the same time, this involvement may make this cytokine eligible for the risk evaluation of MDD. However, we recommend further interventional studies to explore more accurate associations between IL-12 and depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabun Nahar
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
| | - Nisat Sal‐Sabil
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Sohan
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhakaBangladesh
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Islam MR, Rahman MS, Qusar MMAS. Community‐based decentralized mental health services are essential to prevent the epidemic turn of post‐Covid mental disorders in Bangladesh: A call to action. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e734. [PMID: 35873400 PMCID: PMC9297297 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh
| | | | - MMA Shalahuddin Qusar
- Department of Psychiatry Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh
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Islam T, Qusar MMAS, Ahsan MS, Morshed ASM, Haque S. Adaptation and validation of Bangla version of Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical Univ J 2022. [DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v14i4.56612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature Ejaculation is one of the most common causes of male sexual dysfunction with prevalence rate of 20 % to 30% in different studies across the world. Premature ejaculation causes severe anxiety, embarrassment, and depression and relational conflicts. Diagnosing Premature Ejaculation can be problematic due to multidimensional nature of the disease. Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) is a psychometrically valid tool for this purpose. This was a cross-sectional, analytical study and was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. The English version of the PEDT was forward and back translated. An expert committee reviewed the translations and shared their feedbacks and opinions regarding the proposed Bangla questionnaire. Bangla version of Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool was applied to 51 patients after obtaining informed consent. The test was undertaken again after seven days. Validity (Content validity, Face validity, Factor analysis) and reliability (Internal consistency, and test–retest reliability) were assessed. The expert committee expressed their satisfaction regarding Face and Content valid- ity of the questionnaire. Factor Analysis by Principal Component Analysis revealed that the questionnaire had high level of commonalities among the items and yielded a single compo- nent model like the original version. Cronbach's Alpha () value of 0.827 indicated good level of internal consistency. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient and Spearman's rho (0.94 and 0.87 respectively) indicated significant correlation between test and retest scores. Results were congruent with findings of similar studies. The Bangla version of PEDT is a valid and reliable scale. It will help to identify patient suffering from premature ejaculation and improve quality of life of the patient and his partner.
BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 132-137
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Rahman S, Shanta AA, Daria S, Nahar Z, Shahriar M, Qusar MMAS, Islam SMA, Bhuiyan MA, Islam MR. Increased serum resistin but not G-CSF levels are associated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder: Findings from a case-control study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264404. [PMID: 35213631 PMCID: PMC8880862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have predicted major depressive disorder (MDD) as the leading cause of global health by 2030 due to its high prevalence, disability, and illness. However, the actual pathophysiological mechanism behind depression is unknown. Scientists consider alterations in cytokines might be tools for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of MDD. Several past studies on several inflammatory cytokine expressions in MDD reveal that an inflammatory process is activated, although the precise causes of that changes in cytokine levels are unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate resistin and G-CSF in MDD patients and controls to explore their role in the pathogenesis and development of depression. Methods We included 220 participants in this study. Among them, 108 MDD patients and 112 age-sex matched healthy control (HCs). We used DSM-5 to evaluate study participants. Also, we applied the Ham-D rating scale to assess the severity of patients. Serum resistin and G-CSF levels were measured using ELISA kits (BosterBio, USA). Results The present study observed increased serum resistin levels in MDD patients compared to HCs (13.82 ± 1.24ng/mL and 6.35 ± 0.51ng/mL, p <0.001). However, we did not find such changes for serum G-CSF levels between the groups. Ham-D scores showed a significant correlation with serum resistin levels but not G-CSF levels in the patient group. Furthermore, ROC analysis showed a fairly predictive performance of serum resistin levels in major depression (AUC = 0.746). Conclusion The present study findings suggest higher serum resistin levels are associated with the pathophysiology of MDD. This elevated serum resistin level may serve as an early risk assessment indicator for MDD. However, the role of serum G-CSF in the development of MDD is still unclear despite its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smaranika Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Amena Alam Shanta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sohel Daria
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zabun Nahar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Shahriar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - MMA Shalahuddin Qusar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahabagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Md. Rabiul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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Qusar MS, Islam M, Morshed NM, Arafat SM. Suicidal Behaviors among Patients Attending for Psychiatric Care in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2022; 31:135-141. [PMID: 34999693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a major preventable public health problem globally however, under attended in Bangladesh. It happens because of multi-factorial involvement; nevertheless, past suicidal attempt is a significant predictor of future suicidal behavior. We aimed to assess the suicidal behaviors among the patients visiting for psychiatric care in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients attending at department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, from March 2018 to February 2019. A total of 379 patients were interviewed with pre-tested semi structured questionnaire. Non probability purposive sampling was used to collect data. Data were entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16.0 software and analyzed Among the 379 respondents, 197(52%) were male, 52.5% were married. Mean±SD age of the respondents was 29.94±11.32 year ranging from 18 to 75 years. About 24% percent of the respondents had family history of mental illness, 4% had family history of completed suicides. Prevalence of life time suicidal ideation among the patients was found as 32.5%, one-year prevalence rate 26.4%, one month 17.2% and within last two days it was found as 11.3%. The rate of suicidal plan was 14.0%, preparation 10.0% and attempt was 7.4%. Mean±SD age of onset of suicidal ideation was 24.33±8.9 year ranging from 14 to 57 years. About one in three psychiatric patients had life time suicidal ideation. Third decade of life was found to be vulnerable for onset of suicidal thoughts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Qusar
- Professor MMA Shalahuddin Qusar, Professor & Chairman, Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Qusar MS, Arafat SM, Chowdhury MR, Ahmed S, Morshed NM, Rahman W. Cultural Variations in Symptom Presentations of Depression: A Cross-sectional Observation in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2019; 28:410-417. [PMID: 31086159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a normally occurring, severe, repeated disorder associated to diminished role functioning and quality of life, medical morbidity, and mortality. But presentation of depression differs culture to culture. We aimed to see the proportion of depressed patients presented spontaneously with the somatic complaints at department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. This descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted within the time period of June 2016 to December 2017 among the outdoor patients of the university. Purposive consecutive sampling was used to collect data from 105 depressed patients. The diagnosis was confirmed by the psychiatrist based on the DSM-5 criteria of depression. Data were collected through face to face interview with semi structured preformed pretested questionnaire. All data were entered into SPSS 16.0 software and were analyzed. The mean±SD age was 32.09±12.13 years, ranging from 18 to 70 years. Among the 105 respondents 36% of the depressive patients had complaints of somatic symptoms spontaneously. Headache (34.21%), weakness (2%), body ache (5%), hearing problem, heaviness of the body, restlessness, chest pain, palpitation, dizziness, vertigo, breathlessness, abdominal discomfort and burning sensation were the mentionable symptoms. Fear (11), anger (2), undue suspiciousness (2) & sexual dysfunction were the mentionable psychological symptoms. Due to multiple factors depressed patients can spontaneously present with somatic complaints, but after questioning on depression they can be diagnosed as depression. So, unexplained somatic symptoms should be attended and addressed properly in any stage of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Qusar
- Professor MMA Shalahuddin Qusar, Professor & Chairman, Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Morshed NM, Rahman F, Qusar MS, Shahid SB, Arafat SM. Psychiatric Morbidities among Male Juvenile Offenders: A Cross Sectional Comparison in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:168-172. [PMID: 29459609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inmates of Juvenile Developmental Centers are the special group of youth population who are in conflict with law and are vulnerable to psychiatric disorders. It was aimed to see the variation of prevalence and type of psychiatric disorders in institutionalized male juvenile offenders and non-offenders of same age, sex and socioeconomic group in the community. The association of mental disorders was examined in 138 male inmates of Juvenile Development Centers and 138 randomly selected comparison subjects in community. One stage-structured assessment of psychopathology was carried out by using a structured and valid Bangla version of the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). Psychiatric diagnosis was established after scoring from DAWBA that is actually corresponds to diagnosis of ICD-10 for research. It was revealed that, of those who were in conflict with law, 57.2% had mental disorder, whereas 9.4% of non-offenders had psychiatric disorder. Among the offenders with psychiatric disorders, most of them (16.7%) suffered from Conduct Disorder (CD), followed by Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). On the other hand, among the non-offenders with psychiatric disorder 2.2% suffered from CD. Study revealed that psychiatric disorders are more prevalent among the male juvenile offenders with comparison to non-offenders. Broad-based multi centered and cross cultural replication study can generalize the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Morshed
- Professor Dr Nahid Mahjabin Morshed, Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Morshed NM, Rahman F, Shahid SF, Qusar MS, Algin S, Shah MA, Maruf MM, Chowdhury MH. Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Female Juvenile Offenders. Mymensingh Med J 2016; 25:669-673. [PMID: 27941728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inmates of Juvenile Developmental Centers are the special group of youth population who are in conflict with law. They are vulnerable to psychiatric illness. The objective of this study was to see the prevalence and type of psychiatric disorders in institutionalized female juvenile offenders and non-offenders of same age, sex and socioeconomic group in the community. The association of mental disorders was examined in 43 female inmates of Juvenile Development Centers and 43 randomly selected comparison subjects in community. One stage-structured assessment of psychopathology was carried out by using a structured and valid Bangla version of the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). Development and Well-Being Assessment generated psychiatric diagnosis was assigned based on ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for research. The result revealed that, of those who were in conflict with law, 93% had mental disorder, whereas 14% of non-offenders had psychiatric disorder. Among the offenders with psychiatric disorders, most of them (32.6%) suffered from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), followed by combined MDD & Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). On the other hand, among the non-offenders with psychiatric disorder 9.3% suffered from MDD. It can be concluded that considerable psychiatric disorders are prevalent among the female juvenile offenders with comparison to non-offenders. Broad-based replication study could confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Morshed
- Dr Nahid Mahjabin Morshed, Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Roy J, Morshed NM, Qusar MMAS, Nahar JS, Miah MAS, Shah MA, Shams SF, Shahid SFB, Ikbal MM, Khanom MM. Personality Traits of Substance Users in Bangladesh. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical Univ J 2011. [DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v3i2.7056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Shahid SFB, Mullick MSI, Nahar JS, Naher J, Khan S, Morshed NM, Shah MA, Qusar MMAS. Relationship Between Parental Rejection and Personality. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical Univ J 2010. [DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v2i2.4759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Qusar MMAS, Morshed NM, Azad MDAK, Kader MA, Shams SF, Ahmed MF, Haque MMM, Uddin MA, Shahid SFB. Psychiatric Morbidity Among Suicide Attempters Who Needed ICU Intervention. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical Univ J 2010. [DOI: 10.3329/bsmmuj.v2i2.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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