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Ghazy RM, Ellakany WI, Badr MM, Taktak NEM, Elhadad H, Abdo SM, Hagag A, Hussein AR, Tahoun MM. Determinants of Schistosoma mansoni transmission in hotspots at the late stage of elimination in Egypt. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:102. [PMID: 36138424 PMCID: PMC9503191 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In certain settings, the prevalence and severity of schistosoma infection do not lessen despite repeated rounds of preventative chemotherapy; these areas are known as hotspots. This study aimed to investigate the role of human practices, besides environmental and malacological factors, in the maintenance of the Schistosoma mansoni infection transmission chain in hotspot areas in Egypt. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and November 2019 in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. A pre-designed structured interviewing questionnaire was used to collect humanitarian data. Stool samples were collected from children aged 6-15 years on three successive days and examined using the Kato-Katz technique. Simultaneously, water and snail samples were taken from watercourses surrounding houses. Snails were identified based on their shell morphology and structure and tested for cercaria shedding. Water samples were analyzed for their physicochemical and biological characteristics. RESULTS A total of 2259 fecal samples (1113 in summer and 1146 in fall) were collected from 861 children. About 46.9% of the participants were males, and 31.8% were aged 6-10 years. The prevalence of S. mansoni infection was higher during the summer than during the fall (19.1% vs 7.2%, respectively, P < 0.01). The intensity of infection (light, moderate, and heavy) during summer versus fall was (93.55 vs 89.38%, 6.45 vs 8.85%, and 0.00% vs 1.77%), respectively (P < 0.05). A higher prevalence of human infection was observed among males than females [OR = 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.10-2.40, P = 0.015], children aged 11-15 years than among their counterparts aged 6-10 years (OR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.72-5.06, P < 0.001), and mothers with a low level of education (OR = 3.33, 95% CI: 1.70-6.52, P < 0.001). The main identified risk factors were contacting the main body of water-canal for washing clothes (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.12-2.49, P = 0.015), land irrigation (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.32-4.96, P = 0.004), water collection (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.82-4.73, P < 0.001), bathing (OR = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.21-4.31, P = 0.009), and garbage disposal (OR = 2.38, 95% CI:1.38-4.12, P < 0.001). The count of Biomphalaria alexandrina was distinct between seasons (P < 0.01) in consistent with statistically significant differences in water temperature, salinity, turbidity, the total concentration of coliforms, depth, velocity, and water level (P < 0.01). The presence of grasses and duckweeds was significantly associated with snail infection (P = 0.00 l). Significant effects of water depth, pH, temperature, and total dissolved solids on snail count were also observed (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The persistence of the infection is due to adoption of risky behaviors and environmental factors that enhance snail survival and infection. Schistosomiasis elimination in hotspots requires an integrated control approach that combines preventive chemotherapy with other complementary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Walid Ismail Ellakany
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mai M. Badr
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nehad E. M. Taktak
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba Elhadad
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Parasitology Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria university, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sarah M. Abdo
- grid.411978.20000 0004 0578 3577Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 35516 Egypt
| | - Ayat Hagag
- grid.411978.20000 0004 0578 3577Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 35516 Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed Mostafa Tahoun
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Epidemiology, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Badr MM, Badawy MEI, Taktak NEM. Preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of cinnamon essential oil and cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsions. Journal of Essential Oil Research 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2107100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Badr
- Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamad E. I. Badawy
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nehad E. M. Taktak
- Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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El‐Zemity SR, Badawy MEI, Esmaiel KEE, Badr MM. Synthesis, computer‐aided
ADMET
prediction, and molecular docking of novel 3,5,6‐trichloropyridin‐2‐yl derivatives as potential antimicrobial agents. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saad R. El‐Zemity
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. I. Badawy
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Kareem E. E. Esmaiel
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Mai M. Badr
- Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
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Gouda MA, Zidan HS, Marey AA, Gameal MG, Elmahrook RG, Saleh A, Nasr AA, Seifelnasr O, Radwan AE, Shahen A, Elgayar MM, Elabd AA, Mohamed KS, Hammad MF, Badr MM. Medical undergraduates' contributions to publication output of world's top universities in 2013. QJM 2016; 109:605-11. [PMID: 26970608 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical undergraduates' (UGs) involvement in research activities is thought to be mutually beneficial to students, their mentors and the scholarly productivity of their universities. However, most evidence in favor of such assumption relies on subjective measures such as the self-reported gains in skills or knowledge rather than robust objective estimates for assessing impact. AIM We aimed to objectively track and describe publications with UG co-authors-their proportion to the total publication output of world's top universities, their characteristics and their potential impact on biomedical literature. METHODS We contacted the corresponding authors of the 2013's Medline-indexed publications affiliated to world's top 10 universities to investigate if any of their co-authors was an UG. Articles with UG co-authors were further assessed to determine, along with other variables: the type of study design, field of the article, publishing journal and its impact factor (IF), and number of received citations. RESULTS Out of 25 152 publications, 2537 articles (10.1%) contained at least one UG co-author who was the first author in 635 papers (25%). Articles with UG co-authors were published in 1114 journals with a median IF of 3.661. Most UGs' co-authored publications (82.7%, n = 2098) were cited at least once within 1 year, for a median of three citations per article. CONCLUSION UGs contributed to one in every 10 publications affiliated to top universities. Their papers were published in journals with good IFs and received a fair number of citations, which would reflect the relatively good quality and impact of these articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Gouda
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - H S Zidan
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - A A Marey
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt Shebin Al-Kom Hospital for Mental Health and Addiction, Ministry of Health, Met Khalaf, Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - M G Gameal
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - R G Elmahrook
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt Shebin Al-Kom Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Gamal Abdelnaser St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - A Saleh
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - A A Nasr
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - O Seifelnasr
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - A E Radwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Shahen
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - M M Elgayar
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - A A Elabd
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt Students' Hospital, Menoufia University, Albar Al-Sharky, Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - K S Mohamed
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - M F Hammad
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - M M Badr
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Yassin Abdelghaffar St., Shebin Al-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
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